Recombinant Rat C-C Motif Chemokine 3 Protein (CCL3), Active

Name: Recombinant Rat C-C Motif Chemokine 3 Protein (CCL3), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05452P
Availability: InStock

Collections: All products, Buy cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors for research online, Chemokines and receptors – essential regulators of immune response, High-quality cytokines for advanced research, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Rat C-C Motif Chemokine 3 Protein (CCL3), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 98% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemoattract bioassay using human blood monocytes is in a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml.
Uniprotkb	P50229
Target Symbol	CCL3
Synonyms	Ccl3; Mip1a; Scya3; C-C motif chemokine 3; Macrophage inflammatory protein 1-alpha; MIP-1-alpha; Small-inducible cytokine A3
Species	Rattus norvegicus (Rat)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	Tag-Free
Complete Sequence	APYGADTPTA CCFSYGRQIP RKFIADYFET SSLCSQPGVI FLTKRNRQIC ADPKETWVQE YITELELNA
Expression Range	24-92aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	7.9 kDa
Research Area	Immunology
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Monokine with inflammatory and chemokinetic properties. Has chemotactic activity for monocytes, neutrophils, eosinophils, basophils, and lymphocytes. Required for lung TNF-alpha production, neutrophil recruitment and subsequent lung injury and may function as an autocrine mediator for the macrophage production of TNF-alpha which in turn up-regulates vascular adhesion molecules required for neutrophil influx. This protein binds heparin.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	KEGG: rno:25542 STRING: 10116.ENSRNOP00000015139 UniGene: PMID: 28677732 The present report demonstrates an increase in mRNA and protein levels in chemokines CCL3 and its receptor CCR5 in dorsal root ganglion in the rat model of remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. Furthermore, the results pointed out that CCL3 and its receptor CCR5 might be implicated in remifentanil-induced hyperalgesia. PMID: 26550961 Study shows that erythropoietin reduced chemokine CCL3 mRNA expression in rat cerebellar neuron-enriched preparations during neuroinflammation. PMID: 26178913 The results of this study suggest a contribution of CCL3 in the spinal dorsal horn to paclitaxel-induced allodynia and may provide new therapeutic targets for paclitaxel-induced painful neuropathy. PMID: 25127716 Expression levels of CCL3 in the spinal cord are up-regulated following nerve injury. PMID: 24589480 NMDA-evoked neuronal injury differentially induces MIP-1alpha and MCP-1 production in microglia and astrocytes, respectively, through activation of different intracellular signaling pathways. PMID: 22791363 Our data suggest that free radicals produced in CA1 neurons contribute to the recruitment and activation of microglia and neurodegeneration through MIP-1alpha expression. PMID: 18272692 In this study we present data on long term increase in CCL3 mRNA expression and immunoreactivity following epileptogenic stimulus in a rat model of temporal lobe epilepsy. PMID: 21731074 Data show significant concentration increases for CXCL1 and MIP-1alpha in the brain after soman-induced seizure onset. PMID: 21535896 The active behavior of the MIP-1alpha gene in KCs following liver ischemia/reperfusion injury is assumed to be one of the major causes for the hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury. PMID: 16804970 P2Y6 activation by uridine 5'-diphosphate induces Ccl2 and Ccl3 expression in primary cultured microglia, astrocytes, and brain slices from neonatal and adult rats. PMID: 21317391 a massive amount of ATP molecules released in the glioma tumor site may act as the regulator with P2XR signaling that increases MIP-1alpha and MCP-1 expression in tumor-infiltrating microglia/macrophages. PMID: 21162127 These results suggest that MIP-1alpha is directly involved in the neurodegeneration induced in rats by PVC-211 murine leukemia virus by recruiting macrophages/microglia from the periphery into regions of the brain that eventually become diseased. PMID: 21051067 expression is regulated by nicotine in alveolar macrophages PMID: 12101081 The constitutive patterns of MIP-1 alpha mRNA and protein expression are demonstrated in rat brain throughout postnatal development within local microenvironments where the postnatal cell migration phenomenon occurs. PMID: 12899200 Oligodendroglia express the CCL3 receptor CCR1, but not CCR5. CCL3 induced an intracellular rise in Ca(2+), a typical signalling event of G protein-coupled receptors. PMID: 14583384

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.