Recombinant Mouse MIF Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Mouse MIF Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0877NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0877NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Antibody / cell therapy targets, Antibody therapeutic / adc target proteins, High-quality cytokines for advanced research, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Macrophage Migration Inhibitory Factor is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Pro2-Ala115 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P34884
Synonym	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor; Delayed early response protein 6; DER6; Glycosylation-inhibiting factor; GIF; L-dopachrome isomerase; L-dopachrome tautomerase; Phenylpyruvate tautomerase;
Gene Background	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor(MIF) is a secreted protein and belongs to the MIF family. MIF is an important regulator of innate immunity. The circulating MIF binds to CD74 on other immune cells to trigger an acute immune response. Hence MIF is classified as an inflammatory cytokine. Furthermore glucocorticoids also stimulate white blood cells to release MIF and hence MIF partially counter acts the inhibitory effects that glucocorticoids have on the immune system. Finally trauma activates the anterior pituitary gland to release MIF.
Molecular Mass	13.5 KDa
Apmol Mass	10-14 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, 0.02% Tween 80, 4.0% Mannitol, 4.0% Sucrose, pH7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Pro-inflammatory cytokine. Involved in the innate immune response to bacterial pathogens. The expression of MIF at sites of inflammation suggests a role as mediator in regulating the function of macrophages in host defense. Counteracts the anti-inflammatory activity of glucocorticoids. Has phenylpyruvate tautomerase and dopachrome tautomerase activity (in vitro), but the physiological substrate is not known. It is not clear whether the tautomerase activity has any physiological relevance, and whether it is important for cytokine activity.
Subcellular Location	Secreted. Cytoplasm.
Protein Families	MIF family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:17319 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000041149 UniGene: PMID: 29350381 MIF attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation-induced cochlear cells injury. MIF enhances Nrf2 and inhibit oxidative stress in cochlear cells. Enhanced Akt-Nrf2-HO-1 pathway may mediate cochlear protection by MIF. PMID: 29908183 Data indicate function of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) as a regulator of the NLR family pyrin domain containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome complex in macrophages. PMID: 29884801 that macrophage migration inhibitory factor directly engages in dengue NS1-induced glycocalyx degradation and that targeting MIF may represent a possible therapeutic approach for preventing dengue-induced vascular leakage PMID: 29702687 our data suggests a model in which MIF expression in the primary tumor dampens the anti-tumor immune response, promoting tumor growth PMID: 29864117 MIF knockdown significantly accentuates hearing loss in young mice. PMID: 28990052 Mif mediates PAR4-induced bladder pain through urothelial HMGB1. PMID: 29263120 These results show although high systemic levels of MIF contribute to the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus pathology. PMID: 28780379 High MIF expression is associated with progressive multiple sclerosis. PMID: 28923927 The lack of MIF leads to disturbances of systemic and hippocampal insulin sensitivity, which are possibly responsible for memory deficits and anxiety, most likely through decreased PSA-NCAM-mediated neuroplasticity rather than through neurotrophic factors. PMID: 28919555 These data indicate the functional role of the MIF-COX-p53 axis in inflammation and cancer at the genomic and proteomic levels in COX-2-ablated cells. PMID: 29247872 Our results showed that MIF regulates MCP-1 expression in hepatocytes of injured liver via CD74, CD44, and p38 MAPK in an autocrine manner. PMID: 27273604 MIF is involved in the pathogenesis of AF, probably by down-regulating the protein and gene expression of Cx43 via ERK1/2 kinase activation PMID: 28429502 Endogenous MIF reduces the accumulation and toxicity of misfolded SOD1 in a mouse model of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 27551074 Gene expression of MIF was 30-fold higher in the heart, compared to skeletal muscle and protein expression of MIF was 3-fold higher in the heart compared to skeletal muscle. PMID: 27364992 renal tubular MIF is an endogenous renoprotective factor in progressive kidney diseases PMID: 28801314 locally produced MIF in the inflammatory bone lytic site is engaged in the chemoattraction of circulating CXCR4+ osteoclast precursor cells. PMID: 27082509 MIF expression was induced in chondrocytes of tissue-engineered cartilage, and could exert a profound effect on chondrocytes by promoting cartilage maturation. MIF could also regulate the phenotype of surrounding macrophages, impairing the maturation of transplanted tissues. PMID: 28574571 pretreatment of P. aeruginosa with rMIF is associated with reduced bacterial killing by tobramycin. PMID: 28768722 loss of autophagy, by pharmacological inhibition or siRNA silencing of Atg5, enhances MIF secretion by monocytes and macrophages. PMID: 27163877 CHD7 is an important factor in the proliferation and stemness maintenance of neural stem/progenitor cells. PMID: 27955690 MIF-deficient mice have reduced Nippostrongylus brasiliensis burden and mounted an enhanced type 2 immune response, including increased Gata3 expression and interleukin-13 production in the mesenteric lymph nodes PMID: 27049059 Sertoli cells to produce MIF under normal conditions. MIFR is expressed in GFRalpha1 and Sertoli cells. MIF induced spermatogonial cell migration PMID: 27925200 MIF-transgenic cells exhibited substantially decreased levels of p53 after hyperthermia treatment compared with WT and MIF-knockout cells PMID: 27528627 This study showed that loss of keratinocyte-derived MIF leads to a loss of control of epithelial skin tumor formation in chemical skin carcinogenesis, which highlights an unexpected tumor-suppressive activity of MIF in murine skin. PMID: 27825106 This study was undertaken to investigate the potential role of Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in osteoarthritis in human joint tissues and in vivo in mice with age-related and surgically induced osteoarthritis PMID: 27564840 MIF (macrophage migrating inhibitory factor), a potential pathogenic molecule in African trypanosomosis, was found herein to promote erythrophagocytosis, to block extramedullary erythropoiesis and RBC maturation, and to trigger hemodilution. PMID: 27632207 findings suggest that macrophage migration inhibitory factor regulates extramedullary erythropoiesis by inhibiting an overexpansion of splenic immature erythroid cells during chronic stress and indicate a novel role for this cytokine under chronic stress conditions PMID: 27129368 Findings suggest that Mif plays a role in the molecular mechanisms of macrophage and dendritic cell activation and drives T cell responses involved in the pathology of type 1 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 27699180 MIF has a potential role in pathological angiogenesis of proliferative retinopathy. PMID: 28070752 genetic Mif deletion reduces the incidence and severity of oral carcinogenesis, by inhibiting the expression of chronic pro-inflammatory immune mediators. Thus, targeting MIF is a promising strategy for the prevention or therapy of oral cancer. PMID: 27164411 MIF inhibits the myoblast differentiation by affecting the cell cycle progression, but does not affect proliferation. PMID: 26927414 this paper shows that the detrimental effect of MIF knockout was associated with accentuated loss in cardiac autophagy with aging PMID: 26940544 our results suggest that MIF promotes mCSC survival, proliferation and endothelial differentiation through the activation of the PI3K/Akt/mTOR and AMPK signaling pathways. PMID: 27035848 Posttranslational modification of MIF by S-nitrosation results in intracellular accumulation and protection from myocardial ischemia reperfusion injury. PMID: 26310191 Data show that the siRNA-induced macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) reduction in murine mammary cancer line 4T1 and human breast cancer line MDA-MB-231 resulted in significant reduction of cell proliferation and increase of apoptosis. PMID: 26403072 High expression levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor sustain the innate immune responses of neonates. PMID: 26858459 The deletion of the MIF gene led to reduced behavioural despair in mice of both sexes and IFN-gamma mRNA levels were reduced in the hippocampus of the MIF KO mice. PMID: 26338025 In D-galactosamine-sensitized mice CP+Cu(II) increased the LPS-induced lethality from 54 to 100%, while administration of antibodies against MIF prevented the lethal effect. The enhancement by CP+Cu(II) of the pro-inflammatory signal of MIF is discussed. PMID: 26091949 data suggest that the MIF-Notch axis may play an important role in the pathogenesis of experimental autoimmune uveitis PMID: 26400205 The functional role of MIF in cell recruitment was investigated by a chemotaxis assay and by flow cytometry of labeled macrophages that were injected into Mif-/-and wildtype mice PMID: 26348853 these results implicate MIF in the pathogenesis of esophageal inflammation and suggest that targeting MIF might represent a novel therapy for EoE. PMID: 25712805 Data suggest that macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) inhibition could be a promising approach to the treatment of diabetes mellitus (DM)-associated atherosclerosis (AS). PMID: 25661015 Bladder PAR activation elicits urothelial MIF release and urothelial MIF receptor signaling at least partly through CXCR4 to result in abdominal hypersensitivity without overt bladder inflammation PMID: 26020638 Transcription factor MEF2 and Zac1 mediate MIF-induced GLUT4 expression through CD74-dependent AMPK activation in cardiomyocytes PMID: 26455966 Blockade of CXCR7 suppressed MIF-mediated ERK- and zeta-chain-associated protein kinase (ZAP)-70 activation PMID: 26139098 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor is detrimental for survival and is associated with lung pathology, inflammatory cellular infiltration, and bacterial replication in a mouse model of pneumococcal pneumonia. PMID: 25943202 Macrophage migration inhibitory factor may play an important role in recovery from acoustic trauma PMID: 25853607 data indicate that MIF and CD74 facilitate RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis, and suggest that MIF contributes directly to bone erosion, as well as inflammation, in rheumatoid arthritis PMID: 25647268 MIF was found to be a major platelet-derived chemotactic recruitment factor with clot-modulating properties and therefore might be relevant in inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis PMID: 25561410

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

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