Recombinant Human VAPB Protein (His Tag)

Name: Recombinant Human VAPB Protein (His Tag)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLPSN-4759
Availability: InStock

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	His
Host Species	Human
Accession	O95292
Synonym	ALS8, VAMP-B, VAP-B
Background	Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B / C, also known as VAMP-B/VAMP-C, VAMP-associated protein B/C, VAP-B/VAP-C and VAPB, is a single-pass type IV membrane protein which belongs to theVAMP-associated protein ( VAP ) family. VAPB contains oneMSP domain. VAPB may play a role in vesicle trafficking. VAPB forms a heterodimer with VAPA. VAPB interacts with VAMP1 and VAMP2. Defects in VAPB are the cause of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis type 8 ( ALS8 ) which is a familial form of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, a neurodegenerative disorder affecting upper and lower motor neurons and resulting in fatal paralysis. Defects in VAPB are also a cause of spinal muscular atrophy autosomal dominant Finkel type ( SMAF ) which is characterized by proximal muscle weakness that begins in the lower limbs and then progresses to upper limbs.
Description	A DNA sequence encoding the human VAPB (O95292-1) N-terminal fragment (Met 1-Pro 132) was fused with a His tag at the C-terminus.
Source	E.coli
Predicted N Terminal	Met
AA Sequence	Met 1-Pro 132
Molecular Weight	The recombinant human VAPB consisting of 142 a.a. and has a calculated molecular mass of 16.3 kDa. It migrates as an approximately 18 kDa band in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions.
Purity	>97% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin	Please contact us for more information.
Bioactivity	Measured by its ability to bind recombinant human EphB2 in a functional ELISA.
Formulation	Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 8.0.
Stability	The recombinant proteins are stable for up to 1 year from date of receipt at -70°C.
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Store the protein under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Participates in the endoplasmic reticulum unfolded protein response (UPR) by inducing ERN1/IRE1 activity. Involved in cellular calcium homeostasis regulation.
Subcellular Location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Single-pass type IV membrane protein.
Protein Families	VAMP-associated protein (VAP) (TC 9.B.17) family
Database References	HGNC: 12649 OMIM: 182980 KEGG: hsa:9217 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000417175 UniGene: Hs.182625
Associated Diseases	Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8 (ALS8); Spinal muscular atrophy, proximal, adult, autosomal dominant (SMAPAD)
Tissue Specificity	Ubiquitous. Isoform 1 predominates.

Gene Functions References

report on a novel mutation of p.Pro56His in VABP found in a Chinese familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis pedigree and description of the clinical characteristics of the family. PMID: 28993872
the component proteins of the machinery, OSBP, VAP, SAC1, and PITPNB, are all essential host factors for AiV replication. Importantly, the machinery is directly recruited to the RNA replication sites through previously unknown interactions of VAP/OSBP/SAC1 with the AiV proteins and with ACBD3. PMID: 29367253
Lifelong elevation of neuronal VAPB slowed the decline of neurological impairment, delayed denervation of hindlimb muscles, and prolonged survival of spinal motor neurons. PMID: 28173107
Study showed that alpha-synuclein perturbs endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria associations and that this involves disruption to the VAPB-PTPIP51 tethering proteins. Using a range of assays including immunoprecipitation, cellular glutathione S-transferase pull-down, proximity ligation and in vitro binding of recombinant proteins, study showed that alpha-synuclein is a direct binding partner for VAPB. PMID: 28337542
ACBD5-VAPB interaction regulates peroxisome-endoplasmic reticulum associations. Loss of PO-ER association perturbs PO membrane expansion and increases PO movement. PMID: 28108524
VAP-ACBD5-mediated contact between the endoplasmic reticulum and peroxisomes mediate organelle maintenance and lipid homeostasis. PMID: 28108526
Effects of the combined absence of VAPA and VAPB in human cells were studied; cells lacking VAP accumulate high levels of PI4P, actin comets, and trans-Golgi proteins on endosomes. Such defects are mimicked by downregulation of OSBP, a VAP interactor and PI4P transporter that participates in VAP-dependent endoplasmic reticulum-endosomes tethers. PMID: 27419871
this is the first study to report Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis caused by a VAPB mutation in a Chinese population. PMID: 26566915
Our work revealed that VAP-A/B knockdown impaired the processing and secretion of PAUF, which is one of the cargo proteins of carriers of the trans-Golgi network to the cell surface. PMID: 26490117
Heterozygous P56S Vapb knock-in mice show mild age-dependent defects in motor behaviors as characteristic features of the disease. The homozygous P56S Vapb knock-in mice show more severe defects compared with heterozygous mice reflecting the dominant and dose-dependent effects of P56S mutation. PMID: 26362257
VAPB inhibited the degradation of DeltaF508-CFTR in the ER through interactions with the RMA1-Derlin-BAP31-VCP pathway. PMID: 26740627
Study characterizes the human VAPB-HCV NS5B interaction and reveals that NS5B C-linker is intrinsically disordered in solution but capable of binding the human VAPB-MSP domain which overlaps with those for binding HCV NS5A and human Eph receptors. PMID: 26784321
The VAPB and its interacting partners cooperatively regulate protein trafficking through the ERGIC by modulating PtdIns4P levels. PMID: 26812496
Collectively, these results not only lead to a better understanding of hVAPB function but also point to potentially relevant targets for therapeutic intervention. PMID: 25826266
results suggest that the binding of vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B(VAP-B) to Rab3 GTPase activating protein 1(RAB3GAP1) is implicated in the regulation of nuclear envelope formation through ER-Golgi intermediate compartment PMID: 25612670
P56S-VAPB was found to suppress adipocyte differentiation by promoting the activation of the ATF4-CHOP pathway PMID: 25824044
In patients with familial or sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) from Portugal, Iceland and Sweden no association is found with disease and VAMP-associated protein type B (VAPB) mutations. PMID: 23971766
Findings provide new pathophysiological mechanisms of P56S VAPB that differentially affect the function and survival of corticospinal and spinal motor neurons in familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis 8. PMID: 23771029
genetic screening for this mutation should be performed in all adult patients with lower motor neuron disease, regardless of family history because of the rarity of this disease, physicians often do not suspect it, and many cases may be missed in Brazil. PMID: 24212516
Partial or complete loss of VAPB function leads to motor deficit but is unable to trigger a full-blown amyotrophic lateral sclerosis phenotype. PMID: 23446633
this discovery provides a mechanism for ALS-causing VAPB mutants/variants to gain novel functions such as to mediate ER structure before significant accumulation of aggregates occurs. PMID: 23333387
These results suggest that changes in wild type VAPB do not play a significant role in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis cases that are not caused by VAPB mutations PMID: 23281774
Transfection of a dominant-negative form of the AAA ATPase p97/VCP stabilizes mutant VAPB, suggesting a role for this ATPase in extracting the aggregated protein from the inclusions. PMID: 22611258
structual basis of VAPC binding to HCV NS5B PMID: 22815741
This study screened a cohort of 755 sporadic ALS patients, 111 familial ALS patients (97 families), and 765 control subjects of Dutch descent for mutations in vesicle-associated membrane protein B (VAPB). PMID: 22878164
VAPB promotes breast tumor growth by modulation of Akt activity. PMID: 23049696
The binding residues have been successfully mapped out on both NS5A and VAPB, thus allowing the construct of the complex structure. PMID: 22720086
The mutation in VAPB that causes amyotrophic lateral sclerosis also causes the block of transport of nucleoporins and emerin to the nuclear envelope. PMID: 22454507
ALS mutant VAPBP56S perturbs anterograde mitochondrial axonal transport by disrupting Ca(2+) homeostasis and effecting the Miro1/kinesin-1 interaction with tubulin. PMID: 22258555
Loss of either VAPB or PTPIP51 perturbs uptake of Calcium by mitochondria and results in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 22131369
T46I mutant of the hVAPB MSP domain is associated with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 22069488
endoplasmic reticulum stress and corruption of the proteasome function might contribute to the aberrant protein homeostasis associated with hVAPB PMID: 21998752
VAPB protein levels are reduced in motor neurons derived form induced pluripotent stem cells of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis patients. PMID: 21685205
three conserved prolines in VAPA and Scs2p confers less vulnerability to mutations equivalent to the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis causing mutation as compared with VAPB, which has only two conserved prolines. PMID: 21144830
newly identified mutation in human FALS has a pathogenic effect, supporting and reinforcing the role of VAPB as a causative gene of ALS. PMID: 20940299
Mutations in SOD1, ANG, VAPB, TARDBP and FUS genes have been identified in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 20577002
Adeno-associated viral-mediated over-expression of both wild-type and mutated form of human VAPB selectively induces death of primary mouse motor neurons, albeit with different kinetics. PMID: 20477942
study reports the first identification of the p.P56S mutation in the VAPB gene in a non-Brazilian patient PMID: 20447143
VAPB mRNA levels were decreased in the spinal cord of ALS patients compared to controls and Expression of VAPB mRNA and protein was predominantly localised to large motor neurones. PMID: 18701194
Pro56Ser mutation of VAPB lead to amyotrophic lateral sclerosis by eliminating the native protein structure. PMID: 20377183
these results demonstrate that the amyotrophic lateral sclerosis -linked VAPB mutant causes dramatic ER restructuring that may underlie its pathogenicity in motoneurons. PMID: 20008544
the mechanism by which VAP-B(P56S) aggregates are formed and induce familial motor neuron diseases PMID: 20207736
under conditions of proteasomal inhibition, as encountered in many neurodegenerative diseases including ALS, variant VAPB proteins might accumulate in affected cells and contribute to ALS pathogenesis. PMID: 20227395
evidence that Nir (Nir1, Nir2, and Nir3)-VAP-B interactions are mediated through the conserved FFAT (two phenylalanines (FF) in acidic tract) motif present in Nir proteins PMID: 15545272
Regulation of ceramide transport protein by oxyste rbinding proteins, sterols, and VAMP reveals a novel mechanism for integrating sterol regulatory signals with ceramide transport and sphingomyelin synthesis in the Golgi apparatus. PMID: 16571669
Frequency of the detected exon variation in the VAPB gene was not significantly different between patients and controls. VAPB mutations are not a common cause of adult-onset sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. PMID: 16729899
Overexpression of wild type VAPB promotes unfolded protein response, which is a reaction of the endoplasmic reticulum to suppress accumulation of misfolded proteins. PMID: 16891305
it is suggested that VAPB mutations do not significantly contribute to the genetic causes of sporadic amyotrophic lateral sclerosis in the UK and Northern Europe PMID: 17536055
P56S mutation in VAP-B may lead to a less stable interaction of this endoplasmic reticulum protein with at least two other proteins: tubulin and GAPDH. PMID: 17540579
VAPB is abundant in motor neurons and the P56S substitution causes aggregation of mutant VAPB in immobile tubular ER clusters, perturbs FFAT-motif binding, and traps endogenous VAP in mutant aggregates, which may cause motor neuron degeneration. PMID: 17804640

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