Recombinant Human NKG2DL2Protein (C-Fc)

Name: Recombinant Human NKG2DL2Protein (C-Fc)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0013NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0013NP: Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human UL16 Binding Protein-2/NKG2D Ligand 2 is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Gly26-Ser217 is expressed with a human IgG1 Fc tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	Q9BZM5
Synonym	NKG2D Ligand 2; N2DL-2; NKG2DL2; ALCAN-Alpha; Retinoic Acid Early Transcript 1H; UL16-Binding Protein 2; ULBP2; N2DL2; RAET1H
Gene Background	NKG2D Ligand 2 (N2DL2) is a member of a family of cell-surface proteins. N2DL2 function as ligands for human cytomegalovirus glycoprotein UL16. N2DL2 is anchored to the membrane via a GPI-linkage. N2DL2 is bind to human NKG2D, an activating receptor expressed on NK cells, NKT cells, T cells. Engagement of NKG2D results in the activation of cytolytic activity and cytokine production by these effects cells. The ULBPs are expressed on some tumor cells and have been implicated in tumor surveillance.
Molecular Mass	48.87 KDa
Apmol Mass	58-65 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Binds and activates the KLRK1/NKG2D receptor, mediating natural killer cell cytotoxicity.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor, GPI-anchor. Endoplasmic reticulum. Secreted.
Protein Families	MHC class I family
Database References	HGNC: 14894 OMIM: 605698 KEGG: hsa:80328 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000356320 UniGene: Hs.656778
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in various types of cancer cell lines and in the fetus, but not in normal tissues.

Gene Functions References

High ULBP2 expression is associated with lymphoma. PMID: 27477692
IMP3 directly interacts with ULBP2 mRNA, leading to ULBP2 transcript destabilization and reduced ULBP2 surface expression and indirectly downregulates MICB with a mechanism functionally distinct from that of ULBP2. PMID: 26982091
By suppressing AR and up-regulating ULBP2 in HCC, cisplatin could up-regulate cytotoxicity of NK cells to better target HCC. PMID: 26805759
human tumor cells lost their surface expression of ULBP2, but not ULBP1 and ULBP3, during NK cell-mediated cytolysis. PMID: 24614922
This study suggests that NKG2D ligands shedding of MICA, MICB and ULBP-2 is a novel pathway in endometriosis complex pathogenesis that impairs Natural Killer Cells cell function. PMID: 25775242
A conserved WW domain-like motif regulates CD74 antigen-dependent cell-surface transport of the NKG2D ligand ULBP2. PMID: 25983110
NKG2D and NKG2DL are involved in allergen-induced activation of dendritic epidermal T cells and the NKG2D/NKG2DL pathway might be a potential target for treatment of contact hypersensitivity. PMID: 25634359
Human anaplastic thyroid carcinoma cells are sensitive to NK cell-mediated lysis via ULBP2/5/6 and chemoattract NK cells. PMID: 25212604
Data inticate that heat shock protein 60 (HSP60) interacted constitutively with NKG2D ligand ULBP2 and phosphatase of regenerating liver 3 (PRL-3) regulated HSP60 tyrosine phosphorylation. PMID: 25687758
Results suggest that ULBP2 is expressed and released from cervical cancer cells by CRF, which regulates NKG2D expression in natural killer cells. PMID: 24841552
c-Cbl regulates MICA- but not ULBP2-induced NKG2D down-modulation in human NK cells. PMID: 24846123
the NKG2D ligand ULBP2 is transported to the cell surface through an endosomal pathway dependent on protein kinase C and lysosomal integrity. ULBP2 surface transport is dependent on the invariant chain. PMID: 25024379
Vpr augments ULBP2 expression on both infected and uninfected bystander cells during HIV-1 infection of primary CD4+ T lymphocytes. PMID: 23726848
Study shows that tumor-suppressive miR-34a and miR-34c act as ULBP2 repressors. Findings also implicate p53 in ULBP2 regulation, emphasizing the role of the specific NKG2DL in tumor immune surveillance. PMID: 22102694
Data show that VSV infection caused an active suppression of NKG2D-ligand surface expression, affecting both endogenous and histone deacetylase (HDAC)-inhibitor induced MICA, MICB and ULBP-2 expression. PMID: 21857986
Findings define the involvement of p53 in the regulation of ULBP1 and ULBP2 which enhance NK cell-mediated target recognition. PMID: 21764762
analysis of the area under receiver operating characteristic curves showed that ULBP2 was superior to CA 19-9 in discriminating patients with early-stage PC from healthy controls PMID: 21625447
The human NKG2D ligand ULBP2 can be expressed at the cell surface with or without a GPI anchor and both forms can activate NK cells PMID: 21224393
Data show that IL-32alpha stimulates Fas and ULBP2 expression via activation of p38 MAPK, which increases NK susceptibility of chronic myeloid leukemia cells. PMID: 21321117
it was shown that high expression of several NKG2D ligands is inversely correlated with ovarian cancer survival PMID: 20054857
Levels of soluble ULBP2 were significantly increased in B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia. PMID: 20428196
ULBP2 binds to the NKG2D receptor and activates multiple signaling pathways in primary natural killer cells. PMID: 11777960
Human cytomegalovirus induces the expression of ULBP2, which is predominantly localized in the endoplasmic reticulum of infected fibroblasts together with viral protein UL16. PMID: 12847260
These findings identify NKG2D ligands as targets of leukemia differentiation therapy PMID: 17391757
IL-18 treatment increased ULBP2 expression in leukemia cells at the mRNA and protein levels PMID: 18706445
ULBP2 was seen on 82.9% of ovarian cancer cells but not on normal ovarian epithelium. Strong expression of ULBP2 in these cells correlated with less intraepithelial infiltration of T cells & may relate to T cell dysfunction in the tumor microenvironment. PMID: 18791713
IFN-gamma, by down-regulating ligand expression, might facilitate escape of MHC class I-negative melanoma cells from NKG2D-mediated killing by NK cells. PMID: 19089914
administration of ATRA or sodium valproate to patients affected with acute myeloid leukaemia M3 or M1 respectively, leads to the induction of transcription and expression of NKG2D-L at the surface of leukaemic cells. PMID: 19151770
RAET1G, like ULBP2, appears broadly expressed, but exhibits a lower apparent avidity for NKG2D due to a mutation in the center of the MHC-like fold. PMID: 19424970
Data show upon HSV-1 infection of cell lines, surface levels of NKG2D ligands MICA antigen and UL16 binding protein 2 were downmodulated due to late viral ICP0 gene product(s). PMID: 19508374
Only sULBP2 is an independent predictor of prognosis, the significance of which is superior to the well-established and widely used melanoma serum marker S100B. PMID: 19671853

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.