Recombinant Human Serum Paraoxonase/Arylesterase 1 (PON1) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Serum Paraoxonase/Arylesterase 1 (PON1) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03131P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Serum Paraoxonase/Arylesterase 1 (PON1) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P27169
Target Symbol	PON1
Synonyms	A esterase 1; A-esterase 1; Aromatic esterase 1; Arylesterase 1; Arylesterase B type; ESA; Esterase A; K 45; K-45; MVCD5; Paraoxonase 1; Paraoxonase; Paraoxonase B type; Paraoxonase, plasma; Paraoxonase1; PON 1; PON; PON1; PON1_HUMAN; Serum aryldiakylphosphatase; Serum aryldialkylphosphatase 1; Serum paraoxonase/arylesterase 1
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	AKLIALTLLGMGLALFRNHQSSYQTRLNALREVQPVELPNCNLVKGIETGSEDLEILPNGLAFISSGLKYPGIKSFNPNSPGKILLMDLNEEDPTVLELGITGSKFDVSSFNPHGISTFTDEDNAMYLLVVNHPDAKSTVELFKFQEEEKSLLHLKTIRHKLLPNLNDIVAVGPEHFYGTNDHYFLDPYLQSWEMYLGLAWSYVVYYSPSEVRVVAEGFDFANGINISPDGKYVYIAELLAHKIHVYEKHANWTLTPLKSLDFNTLVDNISVDPETGDLWVGCHPNGMKIFFYDSENPPASEVLRIQNILTEEPKVTQVYAENGTVLQGSTVASVYKGKLLIGTVFHKALYCEL
Expression Range	2-355aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	66.6kDa
Research Area	Cardiovascular
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Hydrolyzes the toxic metabolites of a variety of organophosphorus insecticides. Capable of hydrolyzing a broad spectrum of organophosphate substrates and lactones, and a number of aromatic carboxylic acid esters. Mediates an enzymatic protection of low density lipoproteins against oxidative modification and the consequent series of events leading to atheroma formation.
Subcellular Location	Secreted, extracellular space.
Protein Families	Paraoxonase family
Database References	HGNC: 9204 OMIM: 168820 KEGG: hsa:5444 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000222381 UniGene: Hs.370995
Associated Diseases	Microvascular complications of diabetes 5 (MVCD5)
Tissue Specificity	Plasma, associated with HDL (at protein level). Expressed in liver, but not in heart, brain, placenta, lung, skeletal muscle, kidney or pancreas.

Gene Functions References

serum levels decrease in states of high oxidative stress like metabolic syndrome, obesity, uncontrolled diabetes, and dyslipidemia PMID: 29843993
CD was found to be associated with the decrease in the levels of PON-1, which correlates well with activity of the disease and reflects the intensification of inflammation, as well as intensified lipid peroxidation. High sensitivity and specificity of PON-1 determines its selection as a good screening test for CD severity. PMID: 30314292
The analysis of the effect of the individual SNPs(PON1, IL-6, ITGB3, and ALDH2 ) and GRS groups on different lipid profile parameters revealed no significant association of any of the tested SNPs with any lipid parameter, however, the GRS groups showed marginally significant for TC and highly significant association for TG, LDL-c and HDL-c PMID: 30261890
It findings provide genetic evidence that the PON1-L55M variant may be a factor contributing to the glycemic control in type 2 diabetes. PMID: 29782842
Low serum paraoxonase 1 activity is associated with the development of type 2 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 29156090
T allele and TT genotype are associated with COPD, and the PON1-108C>T polymorphism could be a potential predictor of the disease. PMID: 29858231
study showed that altered HDL subclasses distribution, changed PON1 activities on different HDL subclasses as well as diminished anti-oxidative protection could be important factors in atherosclerosis development in CKD and ESRD patients PMID: 30130521
Data suggest that patients with ARF (acute renal failure) caused by septic shock have low serum PON1 activities, cholesterol, and HDL-cholesterol; high serum PON1 activities are associated with severity of septic shock; extra-renal depuration techniques produce further increases in serum PON1 activities related to duration of stay in ICU and increases in serum urea levels. This study was conducted in Spain. PMID: 30165052
Studied association of genetic polymorphisms of paraoxanase 1(PON1) in Turkish patients with pulmonary embolism (PE). Results suggest that there is no relationship between both PON 1 polymorphisms and PE in the Turkish population. PMID: 29682786
Low PON1 expression is associated with breast cancer. PMID: 29970690
serum concentrations of trace elements and their relationships with paraoxonase-1 in morbidly obese women PMID: 29773198
Low PON1 expression is associated with Atherosclerosis. PMID: 29254890
The aim of this study was to investigate whether obesity is associated with PON1 activity and whether this association is influenced by oxidative stress, inflammation and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) concentration. PMID: 29168398
Our results showed that ApoE epsilon4 and PON1-55M alleles act synergistically to increase the risk of systemic lupus erythematosus by 1.47 times PMID: 29273831
Low PON1 expression is associated with endometrial cancer. PMID: 30178714
The rs3735590 polymorphism of PON1 acts as a prognostic biomarker in COPD patients treated by CABG. PMID: 29953969
Results showed significantly decreased levels of PON1 in patients with chronic liver diseases (controls 185 +/- 14 U/l, NAFLD 160 +/- 15 U/l, chronic hepatitis 99 +/- 18 U/l, cirrhosis (52 +/- 11 U/l). PMID: 29322801
rs662_A allele carriers may benefit from intake of vegetables and thus be more effectively protected from ischemic stroke. Carriers of the G allele may still remain at greater risk for ischemic stroke even when they consume a high level of vegetables. PMID: 29215590
Impaired anti-oxidant and anti-atherogenic HDL properties associated with weakened PON1 function and lipid peroxidation may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis-related diseases in T2DM. PMID: 29626583
the Q192R polymorphism in the PON1 gene is associated with familial hypercholesterolemia (FH) in the Saudi population; the R allele, QR, and dominant model genotypes were associated with FH PMID: 29229890
activity of PON1 in the control group was significantly higher in comparison with diabetic patients PMID: 28866115
PON1-L55M T alleles are associated with dementia risk. PMID: 28657841
PON1 Q192R polymorphism has a weak association with coronary heart disease risk in Chinese PMID: 29952962
rs854560 polymorphism may modulate the risk of coronary artery disease in response to cigarette smoking in Polish population. PMID: 29118461
PLA2G7 and PON1 are overexpressed in prostatic neoplasm patients and can be detected early in blood. PMID: 29050675
PON1 as an important candidate gene influencing genetic pathophysiology of polycystic ovarian syndrome. PMID: 29604466
It demonstrates that the impact of Y71 substitutions on PON1's lactonase activity is minimal, whereas the kcat for the paraoxonase activity is negatively perturbed by up to 100-fold, suggesting greater mutational robustness of the native activity. PMID: 28026940
genetic association studies in population of women in Greece: Data suggest than a genetic polymorphism in PON1 (Q192R) is associated with gestational diabetes in the population studied. Transcription of the PON1 gene does not appear to be impaired in leukocytes from women with gestational diabetes. PMID: 28347194
The patients with CT OR TT genotype at loci rs3735590 had a lower risk of CAVS than patients with the CC genotype. PMID: 29462797
HDL-C, but not its anti-oxidant constituent, PON-1, is inversely, continuously and independently associated with future risk of hypertension. PMID: 28667918
In donor retina from patients with diabetes, all three PON1, PON2 and PON3 were expressed, and there was a significant increase in PON3 expression compared to control. This might be the reason for the increased thiolactonase activity observed in diabetic retina compared to control PMID: 28862184
Serum PON1 levels showed that oxidative stress was severe in otosclerosis. PMID: 27387094
PON1 L55M genetic polymorphisms may be associated with the risk of breast cancer and could potentially serve as useful genetic markers for tumor prognosis in some populations of Chinese women. PMID: 28445984
Paraoxonase-1 (PON1) induces metastatic potential and apoptosis escape via its antioxidative function in lung cancer cells PMID: 28467805
This study is the first study to investigate serum PON1 enzyme activity in patients with cutaneous anthrax. We concluded that oxidative stress was increased whereas serum PON1 activity was decreased in patients with cutaneous anthrax. These results indicate that lower PON1 activity is associated with an oxidant-antioxidant imbalance. PMID: 27461010
The L55M polymorphism associated with systemic lupus erythematosus and anti-phospholipid syndrome in a population from Cairo, Egypt, while the Q192R polymorphism played no role in disease susceptibility. PMID: 28185016
PON1 (Q192R and L55M) polymorphisms may play a crucial role in pathogenesis and susceptibility of insulin resistance thus leads to the development of type 2 diabetes in South Indian population. PMID: 29409844
PON1 protein can be detected in plasma and resides in the high-density lipoprotein fraction and protects against Oxidative stress by hydrolyzing certain oxidized lipids in lipoproteins, macrophages and Atherosclerotic lesions. PMID: 29308836
Our study provides preliminary support for the involvement of organophosphate pesticides and PON1 in Parkinson's disease-related motor, cognitive, or depressive symptom progression. PMID: 28689109
The distribution of genotype frequencies in the assessed women (PON1 Q192R polymorphism) was QQ = 20%, QR = 48% and RR = 32%. Significantly higher serum FABP4 levels were found in women with genotype QR/RR (20.6 +/- 2.20 ng/mL), when compared with the levels found in the QQ group (12.8 +/- 1.70 ng/mL) (p = .004). PMID: 27712128
rare genetic variation in PON1 was associated with ischemic stroke, with stronger associations identified in those of AA. Increased focus on PON1 enzyme function and its role in cerebrovascular disease is warranted. PMID: 24711634
PON1 arylesterase activity correlated negatively with sCD40L, ADMA, and sICAM-1 levels in overweight patients with newly diagnosed untreated hyperlipidaemia. PMID: 28602123
5-amino-2-methylbenzenesulfonamide showed competitive inhibition and so molecular docking studies were performed for this compound in order to assess the probable binding mechanism into the active site of hPON1. PMID: 28665493
The results of various studies in different populations indicate that some SNPs of the PON1 gene are associated with stroke. PMID: 28779954
Genotype RR of PON1 Q192R is an independent risk factor predicting re-stenting in Chinese acute coronary syndrome patients after coronary stenting PMID: 27450784
Clinical observations focusing on gene polymorphisms of PON indicate that three different genotypes of polymorphism PON1Q192R have unequal degrees atheroprotective properties. PMID: 29215249
the measurement of serum PON1 concentration post-radiotherapy (RT) could be an efficient prognostic biomarker, and may be used as an index of the efficacy of the RT. PMID: 29176871
Patients with the Q allele of the PON1 Q192R polymorphism who were treated with statins exhibited improvement in glucose metabolism, especially in insulin secretion, suggesting the importance of genotyping PON1 Q192R to identify those who could benefit from statin therapy. PMID: 29233102
PON1 and CYP2C19 polymorphisms were associated with lower clopidogrel responsiveness in this sample. PMID: 28076455
Our study showed that although lipoic acid up-regulates PON3 but down-regulates PON1 mRNA expression, it increases both PON1 and PON3 protein levels and arylesterase activity in HepG2 cells. We can report that lipoic acid may be useful for preventing atherosclerosis at therapeutic doses. PMID: 28653653

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

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