Recombinant Human Serpin E1 Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human Serpin E1 Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0530NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0530NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Serine Protease Inhibitor-clade E1 is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Val24-Pro402 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P05121
Synonym	Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; PAI; PAI-1; Endothelial Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor; Serpin E1; SERPINE1; PAI1; PLANH1
Gene Background	Serpins are a group of proteins with similar structures that were first identified as a set of proteins able to inhibit proteases. They are the largest and most diverse family of serine protease inhibitors which are involved in a number of fundamental biological processes such as blood coagulation, complement activation, fibrinolysis, angiogenesis, inflammation and tumor suppression and are expressed in a cell-specific manner. Serpin E1 is a secreted protein which belongs to the Serpin family. Serpin E1 acts as 'bait' for tissue plasminogen activator, urokinase, and protein C. Its rapid interaction with TPA may function as a major control point in the regulation of fibrinolysis. Defects in SERPINE1 are characterized by abnormal bleeding due to Serpin E1 defect in the plasma. High concentrations of Serpin E1 have been associated with thrombophilia which is an autosomal dominant disorder in which affected individuals are prone to develop serious spontaneous thrombosis.
Molecular Mass	43.82 KDa
Apmol Mass	48 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 4mM HCl.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in 4mM HCl. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Serine protease inhibitor. Inhibits TMPRSS7. Is a primary inhibitor of tissue-type plasminogen activator (PLAT) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (PLAU). As PLAT inhibitor, it is required for fibrinolysis down-regulation and is responsible for the controlled degradation of blood clots. As PLAU inhibitor, it is involved in the regulation of cell adhesion and spreading. Acts as a regulator of cell migration, independently of its role as protease inhibitor. It is required for stimulation of keratinocyte migration during cutaneous injury repair. It is involved in cellular and replicative senescence. Plays a role in alveolar type 2 cells senescence in the lung. Is involved in the regulation of cementogenic differentiation of periodontal ligament stem cells, and regulates odontoblast differentiation and dentin formation during odontogenesis.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Serpin family
Database References	HGNC: 8583 OMIM: 173360 KEGG: hsa:5054 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000223095 UniGene: PMID: 29736094 upregulation of PAI-1 may be a critical mechanism underlying insufficient neurotrophic support and increased neurodegeneration associated with AD. Thus, targeting BDNF maturation through pharmacological inhibition of PAI-1 might become a potential treatment for AD. PMID: 28132883 CCL5, from endothelial cells, acts in a paracrine fashion on triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells to enhance their migration, invasion, and metastasis. CCL5, in turn, accelerates TNBC cell secretion of PAI-1 and promotes TNBC cell metastasis, thus forming a positive feedback loop. Moreover, this enhanced metastatic ability is reversible and dependent on CCL5 signaling via the chemokine receptor, CCR5. PMID: 28899878 The present study shows that mean serum TSH and PAI-1 levels were higher in MetS cases as compared to healthy controls and even higher in MetS cases with SCH as compared to MetS cases without SCH. Thus, it can be summarized that in MetS with the presence of thyroid dysfunction, adipocytes behave abnormally and secrete various adipokines such as PAI-1 which in future may lead to thrombotic complication PMID: 29261514 Protease nexin-1 prevents growth of human B cell lymphoma via inhibition of sonic hedgehog signaling. PMID: 29483508 PAI-1 gene polymorphisms have roles in atherosclerotic diseases [review] PMID: 29908999 Decreased fibrinolytic activity increased, whereas PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism did not influence venous thrombosis risk in this study. PMID: 28777103 The G-4G-C/A-5G-G PAI-1 haplogenotype may be a genetic marker of susceptibility for obesity and hypertriglyceridemia in Mexican children PMID: 29938477 The analysis of genotype coexistence revealed a higher incidence of the combination of the ACE II and the PAI-1 4G/4G genotypes in the control group (10.0 vs.5.9% in control group; p = 0.17). CONCLUSIONS: The obtained results suggest no apparent association between the ACE I/D, PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphisms and increased RM susceptibility in the analyzed Polish population. PMID: 27321098 Serum PAI-1 level at the time of traumatic brain injury may serve as a predictive biomarker of late pituitary dysfunction in mild traumatic brain injury patients. PMID: 28931364 The personalization of the patients' treatment using uPA/PAI-1 tumor levels allows the reversion of the well-known poor prognostic impact of high uPA/PAI-1 levels and strongly supports the use of this biomarker in clinical practice. PMID: 28685212 Data show that plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and chemokine CCL5 (CCL5) overexpression promoted cell proliferation and migration in breast cancer cells. PMID: 29601121 Multiple sclerosis patients were categorized as not cognitively impaired (NCI) and cognitively impaired (CI). The NCI group had a higher percentage of heterozygous subjects but no statistical differences were found between the CI and NCI group. Neuropsychological functioning did not correlate with plasma levels of PAI-1 or its genetic polymorphism. PAI-1 plasma levels were related to neurological impairment. PMID: 29111023 Results demonstrated that EMT could promote the secretion of PAI-1 in the triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. TNBC-secreted PAI-1 could increase cell growth, migration and invasion, and the expression of EMT markers in the TNBC cell lines and xenograft mice model. Most importantly, PAI-1 expression is significantly elevated in the breast cancer tissues and associated with prognosis of patients with TNBC. PMID: 29802992 Plasma PAI-1 levels may be determined by the degree of obesity and triglyceride metabolic disorders. These factors correlate with a decreased LDL-particle size, increasing the risk of atherosclerosis. PMID: 28692480 In this meta-analysis, it was determined that PAI-1 polymorphism confers a genetic contribution to the development of recurrent spontaneous abortion. PMID: 28395596 The A allele and AA genotype of rs6092 in SERPINE 1 may protect against T2 diabetes, and have a protective effect on waist circumference, but a negative effect on Triglycerides in men, while may contribute to a lower HbA1c level in women. PMID: 29627522 Adjuvant chemotherapy was 9% less likely to be recommended by a multidisciplinary board when using the current criteria compared with using a combination of the St. Gallen criteria and Ki67 and uPA/PAI-1 status (P = 0.03). Taken together, our data show discordance among markers in identifying the risk of recurrence, even though each marker may prove to be independently valid. PMID: 28954632 Study shows that hyperglycaemia-induced repression of miR-30c increases PAI-1 expression and thrombus formation in type 2 diabetic mellitus. PMID: 27819307 human plasma protects against endothelial cell apoptosis through sustained BAD phosphorylation, which is achieved by, at least in part, a novel interaction between PP1 with PAI1. PMID: 28296156 Statistically significant association was not found between 4G/4G genotype and CVT risk. PAI-1 4G/4G is a strong risk factor for venous thrombosis in Indian patients and should be included in laboratory testing panel of thrombophil. PMID: 28561456 PAI-1 -675 4G/5G polymorphism was not associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus risk in this population. PMID: 28838342 the association of a gain-of-function polymorphism in the PAI-1 promoter region, rs2227631, with lung function is modified by asthma status. The polymorphism is associated with decreased FEV1/FVC ratio and increased prevalence of airway obstruction in Latino and African American subjects with asthma, but it has no effect in healthy controls. PMID: 28543872 Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 has a role in determining leukocyte telomere length in American Indians PMID: 28378522 we have identified a detailed molecular mechanism in which p53 acts in partnership with Smad to selectively enhance PAI-1 transcription. PMID: 27759037 PAI-1 is implicated in the pathophysiology of depression. PMID: 27456456 Plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 (PAI-1) is associated with the risk of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in Tunisian patients. PMID: 28466654 PAI-1 levels are increased in patients with recurrent pregnancy losses (RPL), preeclampsia, intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the previous pregnancy, endometriosis and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). In general, an increased expression of PAI-1 in the blood is associated with an increased risk for infertility and a worse pregnancy outcome. PMID: 28758928 PAI-1/tPA ratio may be an important parameter to monitor the progression of OSMF, and normalizing this ratio to 1:1 may reinstate the normal healing pattern in OSMF cases PMID: 27212010 uPA, uPAR, and PAI-1 expression was up-regulated in the epidermis of psoriatic skin and in tumor cells in basal cell carcinomas. PMID: 28429105 evidence for the significant association of PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism with an increased risk of adult but not pediatric ischemic stroke (Meta-Analysis) PMID: 26742513 Review/Meta-analysis: indicates a causal effect of elevated PAI-1 level on coronary heart disease risk, which may be mediated by glucose dysfunction. PMID: 28550093 Case Report: mutation in a highly conserved glycine residue in strand 5B of plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 causes polymerization and PAI-1 deficiency. PMID: 28229167 PAI-1 and TGF-beta1 promote non-small cell lung cancer tumor cells and tumor-associated macrophages and might be valuable targets for cancer immunosuppression. PMID: 29253845 This study suggests that PAI-1 is an independent predictor of impaired insulin sensitivity among chronic HIV-infected individuals. PMID: 28322572 Our study suggested that SERPINE1 may be a promising therapeutic target for chemoresistance. PMID: 28975405 PAI-1 mRNA expression is significantly increased in cutaneous lesions of patients with livedoid vasculopathy lesions. PMID: 28186689 We show that the tumor-suppressive actions of MEPs are mediated by PAI-1, uPA and its receptor, uPAR, and are sustained even in the presence of the CAFs, which themselves enhance DCIS tumorigenesis via IL-6 signaling. PMID: 28506312 The concentration of tPA/PAI-1 complex is an independent predictor of mortality from all causes and from cardiovascular causes in patients with heart failure and preserved ejection fraction. PMID: 27975104 tPA:Ag and PAI-1:Ag concentration analysis in diabetic foot syndrome depending on age, gender and BMI did not show any significant differences PMID: 28193577 The homozygous variant 4G/4G also was found to be associated with the higher PAI-1 levels (0.005). The variant allele 4G of PAI-1 4G/5G polymorphism and higher plasma PAI-1 levels were found to be significantly associated with IS in young Asian Indians. PMID: 28460568 uPA/uPAR and SERPINE1 have roles in in head and neck cancer tumor resistance, metastasis, prognosis and therapy [review] PMID: 27385000 High PAI-1 expression is associated radioresistance and aggressiveness of non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 27004408 The PAI-1 4G/5G genotype was not a relevant predictor of persistent residual venous occlusion after idiopathic deep vein thrombosis, which however was associated with age. PMID: 28347810 data suggest that even an isocaloric exchange of macronutrients - for example, a switch to a fat-rich diet - affects PAI-1 concentrations in humans and that this is highly heritable. PMID: 28633683 The current study revealed a significant increase level of TAFI and PAI-1, coupled with a decrease in PAI-2 in women with severe preeclampsia in comparison with the control group. PMID: 27598010 The abundance of free PAI-1 and TAFI in the plaque may inhibit plasmin generation and thereby counteract plaque destabilization by fibrinolysis, cell migration and inflammation PMID: 28135035 Genotype PAI 4G/4G is significantly more common in patients with allergic rhinitis (28.1% vs. 16.1%; P = 0.017) compared to the genotype 5G/5G. The results suggest that the carriers of at least one 4G allele are at a higher risk for developing symptoms of allergic rhinitis in asthma. PMID: 28258374 Genetic polymorphism in the promoter region of the PAI-1 gene was associated with early onset coronary artery disease. PMID: 27805237 MetS prevalence in the Ghanaian population studied was comparable to that of the industrialized West. PAI-1 may serve as a key link between MetS, as currently defined, and the endpoints with which it is associated. PMID: 27697752

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.