Recombinant Human Regulator Of G-Protein Signaling 2 (RGS2) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Regulator Of G-Protein Signaling 2 (RGS2) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03075P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Regulator Of G-Protein Signaling 2 (RGS2) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P41220
Target Symbol	RGS2
Synonyms	Basic helix-loop-helix phosphoprotein G0S8; Cell growth inhibiting protein 31; Cell growth-inhibiting gene 31 protein; G0 to G1 switch regulatory 8 24kD; G0/G1 switch regulatory protein 8; G0S8; GOS8; OTTHUMP00000060765; Regulator of G protein signaling 2; Regulator of G protein signalling 2 24kD; Regulator of G-protein signaling 2; Regulators of G protein signaling XRGSVI; RGS 2; RGS2; RGS2_HUMAN
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	MQSAMFLAVQHDCRPMDKSAGSGHKSEEKREKMKRTLLKDWKTRLSYFLQNSSTPGKPKTGKKSKQQAFIKPSPEEAQLWSEAFDELLASKYGLAAFRAFLKSEFCEENIEFWLACEDFKKTKSPQKLSSKARKIYTDFIEKEAPKEINIDFQTKTLIAQNIQEATSGCFTTAQKRVYSLMENNSYPRFLESEFYQDLCKKPQITTEPHAT
Expression Range	1-211aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	40.4kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Regulates G protein-coupled receptor signaling cascades. Inhibits signal transduction by increasing the GTPase activity of G protein alpha subunits, thereby driving them into their inactive GDP-bound form. It is involved in the negative regulation of the angiotensin-activated signaling pathway. Plays a role in the regulation of blood pressure in response to signaling via G protein-coupled receptors and GNAQ. Plays a role in regulating the constriction and relaxation of vascular smooth muscle. Binds EIF2B5 and blocks its activity, thereby inhibiting the translation of mRNA into protein.
Subcellular Location	[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus.; [Isoform 2]: Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus.; [Isoform 3]: Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Nucleus, nucleolus.; [Isoform 4]: Cell membrane. Mitochondrion.
Database References	HGNC: 9998 OMIM: 600861 KEGG: hsa:5997 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000235382 UniGene: PMID: 29593124 RGS2 is suggested as a novel AD biomarker (alongside other genes) toward early AD detection and future disease modifying therapeutics. PMID: 27701409 Upregulated RGS2 contributes significantly to the anti-fibrotic effects of pirfenidone in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. PMID: 27549302 study provides functional data for 16 human RGS2 missense variants on their effects on AT1R-mediated calcium mobilization and provides molecular understanding of those variants with functional loss in vitro. PMID: 28784619 Our results suggest that RGS2 might be involved in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia particularly in overweight women and contribute to their increased risk for hypertension and other types of cardiovascular disease later in life. PMID: 27558088 Data suggest that epigenetic changes in histone acetylation and DNA methylation may contribute to the repression of RGS2 (regulator of G-protein signaling 2) expression in chemo-resistant ovarian cancer cells; regulation of HDAC1 (histone deacetylase 1) and DNMT1 (DNA methyltransferase 1) contribute to the suppression of RGS2. PMID: 28102109 The RGS2 (-391, C>G) genetic polymorphism may serve as a biomarker to predict a patient's response to antihypertensive drug therapy PMID: 25849301 MIR4717 regulates human RGS2 and contributes to the genetic risk towards anxiety-related traits. PMID: 25847876 FBXO44-mediated degradation of RGS2 protein uniquely depends on a Cul4B/DDB1 complex. PMID: 25970626 RGS2 polymorphisms were found to be associated with anxiety disorders and dimensional as well as intermediate phenotypes of anxiety. PMID: 25740197 RGS2 localizes to the mitotic spindle in a Nek7-dependent manner, and along with Nek7 contributes to spindle morphology and mitotic spindle pole integrity. PMID: 25664600 genetic variations and increased inflammatory cytokines can lead to RGS2 repression, which exacerbates AHR and airway remodeling in asthma. PMID: 25368964 Data show that regulator of G protein signaling 2 (RGS2) was stabilized by deubiquitinase monocyte chemotactic protein-induced protein 1 (MCPIP1). PMID: 25187114 Epigenetic repression of RGS2 by UHRF1 contributes to bladder cancer progression. UHRF1 inhibits RGS2 expression by increasing the methylation of CpG nucleotides of the RGS2 promoter. PMID: 25323766 ACE and RGS2 genotypes are not associated with the development of hypertension in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 24562335 This work highlights the role of RGS2 as a key regulator of LRRK2 activity, function and neuronal toxicity. PMID: 24794857 study found that wild-type Met-Gln-Rgs2 and its mutant, Met-Arg-Rgs2, were destroyed by the Ac/N-end rule pathway, which recognizes N(alpha)-terminally acetylated (Nt-acetylated) proteins PMID: 25766235 The results of this study are consistent previous results and support the hypothesis that polymorphic loci RGS2 gene associated with risk of extrapyramidal symptoms induced by typicalneuroleptics-haloperidol, and are involved in schizophrenia pathway. PMID: 25509855 Women carrying the rs4606 CG or GG genotype are at elevated risk for developing hypertension after delivery following a preeclamptic pregnancy. PMID: 24593135 This meta-analysis revealed that the RGS2 1891-1892del TC polymorphism and CYP4A11 T8590C polymorphism were associated with hypertension risk. PMID: 23859711 observations support the concept of a functional activation-dependent p63RhoGEF-Galphaq-RGS2 complex PMID: 24299002 ectopic expression of R4 subfamily members RGS2, RGS3, RGS4, and RGS5 reduced activated PAR1 wild-type signaling, whereas signaling by the PAR1 AKKAA mutant was minimally affected. PMID: 24297163 RGS2 promoter of hypertensive patients abolished HSF1-regulated expression of RGS2, suggesting that activated HSF1 is involved in blood pressure regulation via modulation of RGS2 expression PMID: 23587726 The study was unable to replicate or extend prior association findings between RGS2 variants and various anxiety-related phenotypes using a large, independent sample. PMID: 23277133 Data show that miR-22 specifically interacts with the 3' UTRs of the Rcor1, Rgs2 and HDAC4 mRNAs. PMID: 23349832 It was shown that the RGS2 rs4606 single nucleotide polymorphism may affect the risk and progression of preeclampsia. PMID: 23339167 The variants and their frequencies in RGS2 gene in Kazakh hypertensives may have ethnic differences when compared with other populations. PMID: 21529451 In vivo treatment with digoxin led to increased RGS2 protein levels in heart and kidney. PMID: 22695717 Loss of RGS2 also increased ASM mass and stimulated airway smooth muscle cell growth via extracellular signal-regulated kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase pathways PMID: 22704538 Reduced RGS2 protein expression in human prostate cancer specimens. PMID: 21500190 Data identify RGS2 gene expression as a genomic mechanism of bronchoprotection that is induced by glucocorticoids plus beta(2)-adrenoceptor agonist (LABA) in airway smooth muscle. PMID: 22080612 Identification of a cAMP-response element in the regulator of G-protein signaling-2 (RGS2) promoter as a key cis-regulatory element for RGS2 PMID: 22057271 Findings both identify RGS2 downregulation as a novel compensatory response in HD neurons and suggest that RGS2 inhibition might be considered as an innovative target for neuroprotective drug development. PMID: 21779398 genetic polymorphisms in RGS2 are associated with intima-media thickening of carotid artery in humans. PMID: 21451528 The haplotypes T-G-C and T-C-T showed significant association and protective effect on Panic disorder; results provide support for an association of RGS2 with panic disorder in a Japanese population PMID: 21438143 The essential roles of both N-terminal subdomains for the potent inhibitory activity of RGS2 on AT1 receptor signaling. PMID: 21291998 down-regulation of RGS2 might play an important role in colorectal cancer (CRC) metastasis and predict poor prognosis in stage II and III CRC patients. PMID: 20001967 These findings suggest that RGS2 may not be genetically involved in the biological susceptibility to panic disorder in Japanese. PMID: 20847599 platelet Gs signaling defect caused by a heterozygous RGS2 variant that results in a unique mutational mechanism, such as the differential use of translation initiation sites resulting in different functional RGS2 isoforms. PMID: 20403096 The D allele of 1891-1892 TC insertion/deletion of RGS2 might be an independent risk factor for hypertension in Xinjiang Kazakhs. PMID: 20662725 data suggest that RGS2 and RGS8 differentially associate with MCHR1 and may represent two distinct modes of signaling mechanisms in vivo PMID: 20633139 Reduced RGS2 expression contributes to resistance to antihypertensive agents through poor negative feedback on the effects of aldosterone and of other vasoactive agents. PMID: 20375904 The D allele of the 1891-1892TC insertion/deletion locus of the RGS2 gene is an independent risk factor for hypertension in a Chinese population. PMID: 20140863 Ischemic stress increases RGS2 expression and that this condition contributes to enhanced apoptosis in C6 cells and primary astrocytes. PMID: 20032508 Phosphoglycerate kinase 2 (PGK2) showed a difference between follicular cells from follicles leading to a pregnancy or developmental failure. PMID: 19778949 rs4606 does not affect AIEPSs in Japanese subjects. PMID: 19931593 RGS2 plays a role in regulating purinergic signaling in human broncheotracheal cells PMID: 12356577 Identification of RGS2 and type V adenylyl cyclase interaction sites. PMID: 12604604 RGS-2 level in human clinical condition characterized by altered vascular tone. Importance of RGS-2 as key regulator element for Ang II signaling. Links between Bartter's/Gitelman's syndrome genetic abnormalities and abnormal vascular tone regulation. PMID: 15292363 TSH-dependent RGS 2 mRNA expression and the suppression of TSH-G(q)alpha signaling by the overexpression of RGS 2 imply that RGS 2 is involved in TSHR-induced G(q) signal transduction. PMID: 15362969

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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