Recombinant Human RANK L Protein

Name: Recombinant Human RANK L Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-2504NP
Availability: InStock

BL-2504NP: Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Receptor Activator of NF-kappa-B Ligand is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Ile140-Asp317 is expressed.
Accession	O14788
Synonym	CD254; ODF; OPGL; RANK L; TNFSF11; CD254; Osteoclast differentiation factor; Receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand; tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11
Gene Background	CD254, also known as RANKL, TNFSF11, TRANCE, OPGL and ODF, is a type II membrane protein of the tumor necrosis factor (TNF) superfamily, and affects the immune system and control bone regeneration and remodeling. RANKL is the ligand of nuclear factor (NF)-κB (RANK). When RANKL binds to RANK, it will undergo trimerization and then bind to an adaptor molecule TNF receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6). This results in the activation of several downstream signaling cascades, including the NFκB, mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK), activating protein 1 (AP-1), and nuclear factor of activated T cells (NFATc1), resulting in the formation of multinucleated bone-resorbing osteoclasts. RANKL is widely expressed in skeletal muscle, thymus, liver, colon, small intestine, adrenal gland, osteoblast, mammary gland epithelial cells, prostate and pancreas.
Molecular Mass	22.4 KDa
Apmol Mass	20 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 150mM NaCl, pH 8.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Biologically active. Please contact us to obtain bioactivity data.
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Cytokine that binds to TNFRSF11B/OPG and to TNFRSF11A/RANK. Osteoclast differentiation and activation factor. Augments the ability of dendritic cells to stimulate naive T-cell proliferation. May be an important regulator of interactions between T-cells and dendritic cells and may play a role in the regulation of the T-cell-dependent immune response. May also play an important role in enhanced bone-resorption in humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy. Induces osteoclastogenesis by activating multiple signaling pathways in osteoclast precursor cells, chief among which is induction of long lasting oscillations in the intracellular concentration of Ca (2+) resulting in the activation of NFATC1, which translocates to the nucleus and induces osteoclast-specific gene transcription to allow differentiation of osteoclasts. During osteoclast differentiation, in a TMEM64 and ATP2A2-dependent manner induces activation of CREB1 and mitochondrial ROS generation necessary for proper osteoclast generation.
Subcellular Location	[Isoform 1]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.; [Isoform 3]: Cell membrane; Single-pass type II membrane protein.; [Isoform 2]: Cytoplasm.; [Tumor necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 11, soluble form]: Secreted.
Protein Families	Tumor necrosis factor family
Database References	HGNC: 11926 OMIM: 259710 KEGG: hsa:8600 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000239849 UniGene: PMID: 29241686 High RANKL expression is associated with gastric cancer cell migration. PMID: 30015970 A high level of sRANKL in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of non-small cell lung cancer patients may predict worse survival. PMID: 29052177 RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly higher in the prolactinoma group than in the control group. PMID: 29895074 RANKL mRNA expression was higher in tumour tissue from patients with metastatic prostate cancer compared to local disease. The RANKL/OPG ratio was low in normal prostate tissue and high in tumours with bone metastases. Expression was high in BPH tissue but did not exceed as much as in the tumour tissue. PMID: 29204705 In cardiovascular risks, OPG serum level might increase as a preventive compensatory mechanism to neutralize the RANKL level increment. The determination of the OPG-RANKL system is a diagnostic indicator for the intensity of vascular calcification and atherosclerosis in SSc patients. PMID: 29336616 sRANKL and OPG may play a role in the pathogenesis of diabetes as well as metabolic disturbance PMID: 28146138 regulation of OSCAR by TNF-alpha and receptor activator of NF kappa beta ligand (RANKL) in pre-osteoclasts/osteoclasts PMID: 28555364 The -643C>T RANKL polymorphism, through its significant influence on body weight and BMI value, may contribute to the development of Osteoporosis in Postmenopausal women. PMID: 27304650 In the present study, we measured expression of RANKL in human periosteum-derived cells(hPDCs) undergoing osteoblastic differentiation and found that expression of RANKL mRNA was markedly increased in these cells in a time-dependent manner.RANKL protein expression was also significantly enhanced in osteogenic-conditioned media from hPDCs undergoing osteoblastic differentiation PMID: 29200953 MiR-217 is a useful diagnostic biomarker and is involved in human podocyte cells apoptosis via targeting TNFSF11 in membranous nephropathy. PMID: 29214160 rs9525641 might contribute to bone mineral density PMID: 28488893 Vascular smooth cells are a significant source of osteoprotegerin within the vasculature but that RANKL, once present, downregulates this production and appears capable of preventing the "protective" upregulation of OPG seen with VSMCs exposed to physiological levels of cyclic strain. PMID: 29635231 receptor activator for nuclear factor-kappa B ligand (RANKL), secreted by human embryonic trophoblasts and maternal decidual stromal cells, polarizes decidual macrophages toward a M2 phenotype. PMID: 29022922 There were no significant associations involving the RANKL gene. Thus, it is suggested that alterations in the OPG and RANK genes are primarily responsible for altering the function and expression of the RANKL ligand, resulting in a predisposition to chronic arthralgia and comorbid temporomandibular OA. PMID: 28464982 Vitamin D, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, receptor activator of nuclear factor-KB ligand (RANKL), and OPG levels were determined in GCF and serum. Baseline clinical parameters were similar in all periodontitis groups (P > 0.05) but were higher than that in controls PMID: 28904316 study demonstrated the association of the -643C > T polymorphism with bone mineral density variation and osteoporosis risk in postmenopausal Tunisian women PMID: 28453307 down-regulated miR-143-5p promotes the differentiation of DPSCs into odontoblasts by enhancing Runx2 expression via the OPG/RANKL signaling pathway. PMID: 28608628 OPG and OPG/TRAIL ratio expression were significantly increased in rheumatoid arthritis patients compared to controls (fold change = 1.79, p = 0.013 and 2.07, p = 0.030, respectively), RANKL/OPG ratio was significantly decreased (fold change = 0.50, p = 0.020). No significant differences were found between patients and controls in RANKL and TRAIL expression. PMID: 27403809 Results show that pro-inflammatory cytokines upregulated SOX5 and RANKL expression in both synovial fibroblasts of patients with primary rheumatoid arthritis and cell line. IL-6 facilitates the binding of SOX5 to RANKL promoter. PMID: 27550416 Higher concentrations of serum sRANKL were positively associated with risk of estrogen receptor positive breast cancer. PMID: 28701332 RANKL is overexpressed in invariant NKT cells in bone marrow of patients with multiple myeloma. PMID: 27834938 triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) patients that expressed both RANK and RANKL proteins had significantly worse RFS and OS than patients with RANK-positive, RANKL-negative tumors. RANKL was an independent, poor prognostic factor for RFS and OS in multivariate analysis in samples that expressed both RANK and RANKL. PMID: 28417335 Findings suggest that cell-autonomous activation of the RANKL/RANK signaling axis is a convergently shared, non-oncogenic addiction underlying the generation and maintenance of CSC-like states in response to diverse molecular events such as BRCA1 haploinsufficiency and EMT phenomena. PMID: 28388533 Data suggest that, in children with type I diabetes, serum levels of osteoprotegerin are up-regulated, serum levels of RANKL are unchanged, and serum levels of fetuin-A are down-regulated. (RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand) PMID: 27028343 There was no significant difference in GCF RANKL values among groups (P > 0.05) or during the observation period (P > 0.008). The use of BP may be effective in preventing periodontal breakdown by controlling the levels of these markers in osteoporosis as an adjunct to periodontal treatment PMID: 28367895 Data report that in postmenopausal women without known genetic predisposition, high RANKL serum levels stratify a subpopulation of women at high risk of developing breast cancer 12-24 months before diagnosis. PMID: 28002811 Data suggest that STAT6 and RANKL are involved in regulation of apoptosis, gene expression, and cell proliferation in hepatocellular carcinoma cell lines; depletion of STAT6 using RNA interference increases apoptosis; this mechanism involves down-regulation of expression of RANKL. (STAT6 = signal transducer and activator of transcription 6; RANKL = receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B ligand) PMID: 28525794 Positivity of RANKL and anti-CCP2 yielded significant risk for progression with negativity for both as reference. No single nucleotide polymorphism encoding TNFSF11 or SOST was associated with increased concentrations of the factors. PMID: 28190118 The compound with greatest potential is E05657 with high activity and low effective concentration in the HTS system. It increases the OPG/RANKL ratio and OPG secretion, decreases the NFATc1 expression, and reduces osteoclastogenesis in vitro PMID: 27301430 Our study suggests that the RANKL/RANK pathway contributes to the development and maintenance of the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment and denosumab may be a promising adjuvant therapy targeting TAMs in cancer of apocrine origin PMID: 29277763 RANKL/Osteoprotegerin have roles in bone turnover in Hashimoto Thyroiditis PMID: 27328677 present clear evidence that TRAIL can block several key signalling actions of RANKL in vascular cells, providing further evidence of its vasoprotective potential PMID: 29145460 main finding is that OPG levels decreased significantly during 8 weeks of alcohol abstinence. PMID: 27061293 Studies showed that the central hypothalamic-pituitary regulatory system, via it's relative hormones, seems to control OPG/RANKL/RANK system function, and the pulsatility and circadian rhythmicity of these hormones may induce an oscillatory fluctuation of the OPG/ RANKL ratio. Also, psycological characteristics may provoke a shift of the OPG/ RANKL ratio towards an unbalanced or a balanced status. [review] PMID: 27862210 Studies strongly implicates RANK and RANKL as key molecules involved in the initiation of BRCA1-associated breast cancer. [review] PMID: 27881737 RANK is frequently expressed by cancer cells in contrast with RANKL which is frequently detected in the tumor microenvironment, and together they participate in every step in cancer development. (Review) PMID: 27279652 Proinsulin C-peptide prevents a reduction of type I collagen expression and decreases, in combination with insulin, receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB (RANKL) levels. PMID: 28007656 The RANKL/OPG ratio significantly increased in the presence of bone metastasis with appropriate sensitivity and specificity (73% and 72%, respectively) at a cutoff of >/=0.14 for the detection of bone metastasis. Serum OPG and RANKL/OPG ratios are promising biomarkers for detecting bone metastasis in breast cancer patients. PMID: 27983911 Correlations between sRANKL and IL-18 in BALF. PMID: 27826889 RANK/RANKL signaling is involved in the androgen deprivation therapy-induced acceleration of bone metastasis in castration-insensitive prostate cancer and is inhibited by osteoprotegerin to prevent bone metastasis. PMID: 28373003 This study suggested that RANKL could be a marker to differentiate between pagetoid squamous cell carcinoma in situ and extramammary Paget disease . PMID: 27251225 TNF-alpha-converting enzyme -mediated cleavage of soluble RANKL from activated lymphocytes, especially B cells, can promote osteoclastogenesis in periodontitis. PMID: 27815441 RANKL is required for progesterone-mediated cell proliferation in BRCA1mut/+ breast tissue. PMID: 27322743 Results show that RANK-L are overexpressed in human chronic periodontitis which subsequently increase alveolar bone loss. PMID: 27992569 MAOA provides tumor cell growth advantages in the bone microenvironment by stimulating interleukin-6 (IL6) release from osteoblasts, and triggers skeletal colonization by activating osteoclastogenesis through osteoblast production of RANKL and IL6. PMID: 28292438 In this review, we will provide a summary of the biological functions of RANK signaling pathway (receptor activator of nuclear factor kappaB ligand RANKL and its receptor RANK ) and downstream pathways in bone remodeling, immunity and epithelial homeostasis, with a particular emphasis on cancer PMID: 26749530 The results showed that AG490 inhibited (p)-JAK2 and RANKL expression. PMID: 28278513 Review: OPG, RANKL and TRAIL are involved in vascular calcification. PMID: 26924459 Our results suggest that the polymorphism of the RANKL, RANK, and OPG genes does not make a significant genetic contribution to heel ultrasound measurements in a population of young Caucasian adults. Further studies replicating the results in independent populations are needed to support these initial findings. PMID: 28252575

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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