Recombinant Human PTH Protein

Name: Recombinant Human PTH Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1775NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1775NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Parathyroid Hormone is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Ser32-Gln115 is expressed.
Accession	P01270
Synonym	Parathyroid Hormone; PTH; Parathormone; Parathyrin
Gene Background	Parathyroid hormone is the most important endocrine regulator of calcium and phosphorus concentration in extracellular fluid. This hormone is secreted from cells of the parathyroid glands and finds its major target cells in bone and kidney. Another hormone, parathyroid hormone-related protein, binds to the same receptor as parathyroid hormone and has major effects on development. Like most other protein hormones, parathyroid hormone is synthesized as a preprohormone. After intracellular processing, the mature hormone is packaged within the Golgi into secretory vesicles, the secreted into blood by exocytosis. Parathyroid hormone is secreted as a linear protein of 84 amino acids.
Molecular Mass	9.4 KDa
Apmol Mass	14 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 10mM HAc-NaAc, 150mM NaCl, 5% Mannitol, pH 4.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	PTH elevates calcium level by dissolving the salts in bone and preventing their renal excretion. Stimulates [1-14C]-2-deoxy-D-glucose (2DG) transport and glycogen synthesis in osteoblastic cells.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Parathyroid hormone family
Database References	HGNC: 9606 OMIM: 146200 KEGG: hsa:5741 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000282091 UniGene: PMID: 29348466 Data suggest that, in pregnant women with largely sufficient calcium intakes (via diet and dietary supplements), serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (total of 25[OH]D2 and 25[OH]D3) is important for maintaining normal serum PTH levels; this study was conducted in group of white-skinned women at northern latitudes in Ireland. PMID: 30018262 In conclusion, Fetuin A, vitamin D, and intact PTH levels were all associated with sarcopenia in this geriatric population. Among them, intact PTH specifically indicates patients with sarcopenic left ventricular hypertrophy. PMID: 28112206 Dkk-1 and PTH levels in psoriatic arthritis are lower than healthy female controls, in contrast with rheumatoid arthritis, in which they are increased PMID: 28634697 Scientific evidence of genetic association of serum PTH level among individuals with different pathologic conditions remains deficient and published results provide weak evidence (review and meta-analysis). PMID: 29794776 Clinical data on secondary hyperparathyroidism, mainly derived from patients with chronic kidney disease, indicate a potential inverse association between leptin (LEP) and parathyroid hormone (PTH) in some, but not all studies. [REVIEW] PMID: 28730419 Parathyroid hormone controls bone and kidney homeostasis via GNAS and Gq-G11 heterotrimeric G proteins. (Review) PMID: 28363951 Patients with chronic kidney disease undergoing parathyroidectomy for primary hyperparathyroidism have similar intraoperative parathyroid hormone degradation kinetics to those with normal kidney function. PMID: 29128188 PTH levels are significantly higher in untreated sustained hypertension patients than white-coat hypertension patients and normotensive subjects. PMID: 29176783 results revealed that PTH treatment on HCs, either continuous or pulsatile, does not exhibit any positive effect, and indicates that exogenous PTH administration after fracture has no effect on HCs. PTH may not have a positive effect at the fracture site during the early stage of fracture healing in which haematoma formation occurs. PMID: 24039091 Pre-incubation of muscle fibers or myotubes with physiological concentrations of PTH, concentration-dependently reduced uptake of labelled 25-hydroxyvitamin D3. PMID: 28104493 Baseline PTH level was not associated with changes in frailty status in men. PMID: 28609827 Elevated PTH induces the transition of endothelial cells to chondrogenic cells via endothelial-mesenchymal transition, possibly mediated by the nuclear translocation of beta-catenin. PMID: 27582099 Cys mutation at the 25th residue of hPTH(1-34) may result in a high bone mass phenotype. PMID: 27300576 Common genetic variants located near genes involved in vitamin D metabolism and calcium and renal phosphate transport associated with differences in circulating parathyroid hormone concentrations PMID: 27927781 PTH pretreatment prevented TGF-beta1 and high glucose-induced Smad2/3 phosphorylation and consequent upregulation of fibronectin and type IV collagen within 4 h. PMID: 27530924 FGFR1c and PTHR signaling pathways converge on NHERF1 to inhibit PTH- and FGF23-sensitive phosphate transport and down-regulate NPT2A. PMID: 27432882 The present study supports the independent pathogenic effect of rs6254GA polymorphism on the development and severity of bone mineral density complications in patients with asymptomatic but not normocalcemic hyperparathyroidism. PMID: 27756092 In patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy for coronary artery disease, higher PTH levels are associated with an increased ADP-mediated platelet reactivity and suboptimal response to clopidogrel. PMID: 27086085 Parathyroid hormone gene rs6256 variants are not associated with susceptibility to colorectal cancer PMID: 25124570 PTH levels were significantly higher in patients with aldosterone producing adenomas. PMID: 26304960 Although there was a trend for a negative association in women, no statistically significant association was found between endogenous PTH and knee osteoarthritis. PMID: 25879737 The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence of adenomatous colon polyps (ACP) as they occur in subjects with diabetes mellitus (DM) and chronic kidney disease. PMID: 27993873 PTH [parathyroid hormone]together with other markers of heart failure may provide valuable information both in the diagnosis and staging of heart failure syndromes PMID: 27546695 Patients with a serum PTH decrease to low values after 1 year of hemodialysis treatment are at high risk of short-term cardiovascular death. PMID: 26880460 a cell model of human dermal fibroblasts in order to investigate the functions of sclerostin, is reported. PMID: 26851122 recombinant human klotho inhibits the expression of 1-OH by PTH both in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 26287968 results suggest that NO-mediated vasorelaxation plays partly a role in the anabolic action of PTH on cortical bone PMID: 26834008 In this large community-based cohort, PTH levels, overall, were not independently associated with the risk of hypertension. However, we found some evidence that PTH may be associated with hypertension in blacks. PMID: 26867053 The objective of this article is to investigate the effect of renin-angiotensin system inhibitors (RASIs) on intact parathyroid hormone (iPTH) levels in continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patients. PMID: 25271253 PTH does not contribute to the occurrence of metabolic components of obesity, but there is a positive correlation between 25(OH)D and HDL-C. PMID: 26451492 Data suggest that effects of PTH on bone remodeling are mediated not only by osteoblasts/osteocytes but also by T-lymphocytes in bone marrow; T-lymphocytes regulate differentiation/life span of stromal cells and their responsiveness to PTH. [REVIEW] PMID: 26662934 Serum secreted i-PTH level might not be predictable by a total mass of parathyroid glands or by their blood supply. PMID: 26997379 A Homozygous [Cys25]PTH(1-84) Mutation That Impairs PTH/PTHrP Receptor Activation Defines a Novel Form of Hypoparathyroidism. PMID: 25891861 Study indicates significant association between specific PTH gene promoter region variants and altered levels of 25(OH)D and vitamin D deficiency among specific nationals. PMID: 26339419 Elevation of PTH, unlike vitamin D, is independently associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) severity, and may be a better biomarker for COPD. PMID: 26398210 Abnormal diurnal patterns of PTH are associated with sustained mild hypercalcemia in nondialyzed chronic kidney disease patients. PMID: 27012036 These data indicate that ephrinB2/EphB4 signaling within the osteoblast lineage is required for late stages of osteoblast differentiation. PMID: 23165727 Serum 25(OH)D levels were inversely associated with serum PTH and bone mineral density. PMID: 23045165 Elevated parathyroid hormone serum concentrations might have a role in colorectal cancer development as indicated by higher rates of adenomas, specifically with dysplasia, in women. PMID: 26021763 the iPTH level in ESRD patients carrying VDR BsmI Bb genotype was higher than that in ESRD patients carrying bb genotype in overall populations and in Caucasians PMID: 25007156 The identification of PTH and other hormonal resistances implies to look for the genetic disorder supporting the metabolic disorder--{REVIEW} PMID: 25913526 Intraoperative PTH monitoring during parathyroidectomy to determine PTH clearance proved to be a feasible marker for adequacy and safety of surgery and "cure". PMID: 25241609 Data suggest serum PTH level is independently associated with bone mineral density (BMD) in vitamin D-sufficient women and vitamin D-insufficient women; no association was found in men; high serum PTH is detrimental on BMD in postmenopausal women. PMID: 25242259 In a racially/ethnically diverse population without prevalent cardiovascular disease, higher serum PTH concentration was associated with increased left ventricular mass and increased risk of incident heart failure. PMID: 25468653 In a large community-based sample of elderly, calcium was independently associated with increased arterial stiffness, and PTH independently to intra-arterial peripheral and calculated central blood pressures. PMID: 25562577 Suggest that measurement of iPTH may be useful for assessment of mineral bone disorder in patients with chronic kidney disease. PMID: 26299086 A detailed characterization of in vitro generated amyloid fibrils from human parathyroid hormone (hPTH(1-84)). PMID: 25554227 salt bridge between Arg-20 on parathyroid hormone (PTH) and Asp-137 on the PTH1 receptor is essential for full affinity. PMID: 25218037 A panel of easily assessable determinants could account for both a substantial proportion of PTH variance and the occurrence of secondary hyperparathyroidism. PMID: 24202062

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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