Recombinant Human PAD3 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human PAD3 Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1411SG
Availability: InStock

Collections: High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	GST
Host Species	Human
Accession	NM_016233
Synonym	MGC126307; MGC126308; PADI3; PDI3
Background	PAD3 is a member of the peptidyl arginine deiminase family of enzymes, which catalyze the post-translational deimination of proteins by converting arginine residues into citrullines in the presence of calcium ions. PAD3 modulates hair structural proteins, such as filaggrin in the hair follicle and trichohyalin in the inner root sheath, during hair follicle formation. It converts arginine to citrulline in filaggrin at a faster rate than it does in trichohyalin (1). Together with the type I enzyme (PAD1), PAD3 play a role in terminal differentiation of the epidermis.
Description	Recombinant full-length human PAD3 was produced by baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells, fused with a GST tag at N-terminus. This protein is purified with our unique purification methods.
Source	Sf9 insect cells
AA Sequence	Full Length
Molecular Weight	~97 kDa
Purity	For specific purity information on a given lot, see related COA.
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Formulation	Recombinant protein is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM Glutathione, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% glycerol.
Stability	The recombinant protein is stable for up to 12 months at -70°C
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Recombinant Human PAD3 Protein should be stored should be stored at < -70°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Catalyzes the deimination of arginine residues of proteins.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm.
Protein Families	Protein arginine deiminase family
Database References	HGNC: 18337 OMIM: 191480 KEGG: hsa:51702 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000364609 UniGene: Hs.149195
Associated Diseases	Uncombable hair syndrome 1 (UHS1)
Tissue Specificity	Hair follicles, and epidermis at very low levels.

Gene Functions References

The two enzymes PADI3 and TGM3, responsible for posttranslational protein modifications, and their target structural protein TCHH are all involved in hair shaft formation. PMID: 27866708
Crystals of PAD3 obtained using polyethylene glycol 400 as a precipitant diffracted to 2.95 A resolution using synchrotron radiation PMID: 22684066
PAD3 is co-located with filaggrin within the filamentous matrix of the deeper corneocytes where the protein is deiminated. PMID: 16091842
PADI3 expression is driven by Sp1/Sp3 and NF-Y binding to the promoter region PMID: 16671893
cytoplasmic S100A3 within the cuticular layer is mostly co-localized with the type III isoform of peptidylarginine deiminase (PAD3) PMID: 18083705
Peptidylarginine deiminase Intergenic Enhancer is a strong enhancer of the PADI3 promoter in Ca2+-differentiated epidermal keratinocytes, and requires bound PMID: 18923650
These results reveal the molecular bases of the expression specificity of PADI1 and PADI3 during keratinocyte differentiation through a long-range enhancer and support a model of PADI gene regulation depending on c-Jun-JunD competition. PMID: 18952102

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.