Recombinant Human EPCR Protein (His Tag)

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLPSN-1789

Recombinant Human EPCR Protein (His Tag)

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLPSN-1789
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Product Overview

Tag His
Host Species Human
Accession Q9UNN8
Synonym CCCA, CCD41, EPCR
Background Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR), also known as activated protein C receptor (APC receptor) or PROCR, is a receptor for Protein C. Protein C plays an important role in many metabolism processes in humans and other animals after activated by binding to Endothelial protein C receptor (EPCR). Because of the EPCR is found primarily on endothelial cells (cells on the inside of blood vessels), activated protein C is found maily near endothelial cells. Protein C is pleiotropic, with two main functions: anticoagulation and cytoprotection. Which function will be performed depend on whether or not protein C remains bind to EPCR after activated. The anticoagulation occurs when it does not. In this case, protein C functions as an anticoagulant by irreversibly proteolytically inactivating Factor Va and Factor VIIIa, turning them into Factor Vi and Factor VIIIi respectively. When still bound to EPCR, activated protein C performs its cytoprotective effects, acting on the effector substrate PAR-1, protease-activated receptor-1. To a degree, APC's anticoagulant properties are independent of its cytoprotective ones, in that expression of one pathway is not affected by the existence of the other.
Description A DNA sequence encoding the extracellular domain of human PROCR (Q9UNN8) (Met 1-Thr 209), was fused with a His tag at the C-terminus.
Source HEK293
Predicted N Terminal Ser 18
AA Sequence Met 1-Thr 209
Molecular Weight The secreted recombinant human PROCR consists of 203 a.a. and has a predicted molecular mass of 23.4 kDa. The apparent molecular mass of rhPROCR is approximately 37 kDa in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions due to glycosylation.
Purity >97% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin < 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity Please contact us for detailed information
Formulation Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4.
Stability The recombinant proteins are stable for up to 1 year from date of receipt at -70°C.
Usage For Research Use Only
Storage Store the protein under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function Binds activated protein C. Enhances protein C activation by the thrombin-thrombomodulin complex; plays a role in the protein C pathway controlling blood coagulation.
Subcellular Location Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Database References
Tissue Specificity Expressed strongly in the endothelial cells of arteries and veins in heart and lung, less intensely in capillaries in the lung and skin, and not at all in the endothelium of small vessels of the liver and kidney.

Gene Functions References

  1. PROCR H1 and H3 haplotypes were determined by genotyping 7014G/C and 1651C/G tag-polymorphisms, respectively. The PROCR H1 haplotype was less frequently found in antiphospholipid syndrome patients with arterial thrombosis, suggesting a protective effect of PROCR H1 against arterial thrombosis in these patients. PMID: 30048851
  2. this is the first comprehensive study of PROCR signaling in breast cancer cells, and its findings also shed light on the molecular mechanisms of PROCR in stem cells in normal tissue. PMID: 29217770
  3. The activation of PAR-1 on the cell surface of SGC7901 and AGS cells was significantly reduced after the knockdown of EPCR. By contrast, blockade of PAR-1 reduced the proliferation and migration of gastric cells in vitro PMID: 29484413
  4. analysis of DC8 and DC13 PfEMP1 variants reveals that Plasmodium falciparum-infected erythrocytes-endothelial protein C receptor interaction may be prevented by plasma components under physiological conditions PMID: 29339517
  5. Low EPCR expression is associated with meningococcal purpura fulminans. PMID: 29630665
  6. Our findings suggested that breast cancer patients with expression of PROCR is more prone to suffer from distant metastasis and bad clinical outcomes. PMID: 28756987
  7. Plasma levels of Ang2 were associated with markers of malaria severity and levels of var transcripts encoding P. falciparum Erythrocyte Membrane Protein 1 (PfEMP1) containing Cysteine Rich Inter Domain Region alpha1 (CIDRalpha1) domains predicted to bind Endothelial Protein C receptor (EPCR). PMID: 27784899
  8. The EPCR rs867186-GG genotype is associated with increased soluble protein, and it could mediate protection against severe malaria. PMID: 27255786
  9. The data indicate that EPCR can regulate p63, is associated with highly proliferative keratinocytes, and is a potential human epidermal stem cell marker. PMID: 28480559
  10. Analysis of a cohort of breast cancer patients revealed an association of high EPCR levels with adverse clinical outcome. Interestingly, EPCR knockdown did not affect cell growth kinetics in 2D but reduced cell growth in 3D cultures. EPCR silencing reduced primary tumor growth and secondary outgrowths at metastatic sites. EPCR via SPOCK1 confers a cell growth advantage in 3D promoting breast tumorigenesis and metastasis. PMID: 28103946
  11. analysis of renal endothelial PROCR expression and shedding during diabetic nephropathy PMID: 26990852
  12. EPCR occupancy recruits G-protein coupled receptor kinase 5, thereby inducing beta-arrestin-2 biased PAR1 signaling by both APC and thrombin. In PMID: 27561318
  13. EPCR polymorphisms may be associated with increased risk of sepsis, but this has no effect on the release of soluble EPCR in patients with sepsis. PMID: 28415941
  14. Elevated endothelium-related mediators (vWF, E-selectin and EPCR) appear to participate in the development of pancreatic necrosis and may be a potential indicator of overall prognosis. PMID: 28007459
  15. The results showed that AS-IV could significantly inhibit PMA-induced EPCR shedding. PMID: 28367652
  16. CORM-2 protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells from lipopolysaccharide-induced injury, by way of suppressing NF-kappaB activity, which downregulates TM and EPCR mRNAs. It also decreases MMP-2 expression and prevents the shedding of TM and EPCR from the surface of endothelial cells, so as to preserve their protective effect. PMID: 28538400
  17. This study shows that ICAM-1 is a coreceptor for a subset of EPCR-binding Plasmodium falciparum parasites and provides the first evidence of how EPCR and ICAM-1 interact to mediate parasite binding to both resting and TNF-alpha-activated primary brain and lung endothelial cells. PMID: 27406562
  18. This study demonstrates that impaired EPCR function can be detected by thrombin generation and clot lysis assays on cells expressing thrombomodulin and EPCR. Deficiency in EPCR has procoagulant effects that lead to a delay in clot lysis. PMID: 28219843
  19. Observations that binding of P. falciparum erythrocyte membrane protein 1 to EPCR results in an acquired functional protein C system deficiency support the new paradigm that EPCR plays a central role in the pathogenesis of severe malaria. [review] PMID: 27207424
  20. data suggest that either the lack of the protective EPCR 4678C allele or the presence of EPCR 4600G allele may be associated with earlier development of thrombosis. PMID: 25760048
  21. These data suggest that 6936A/G polymorphism is a risk factor for deep venous thrombosis and is associated with elevated plasma levels of soluble EPCR, while 4678G/C polymorphism plays a role in protection against deep venous thrombosis. PMID: 26340463
  22. Upon ICU admission, sEPCR levels in initially non-septic critically-ill patients appear elevated in the subjects who will subsequently become septic PMID: 25220546
  23. These data reveal a previously unknown functional heterogeneity in the interaction between Plasmodium falciparum PfEMP1 CIDRalpha1domain binding to EPCR and have major implications for understanding the distinct clinical pathologies of cerebral malaria. PMID: 26118955
  24. Overall, these findings reveal a much greater complexity of how Plasmodium falciparum PfEMP1 CIDRalpha1 domain-expressing parasites may modulate malaria pathogenesis through EPCR adhesion. PMID: 26119044
  25. In this Tanzanian population, neither PROCR haplotype nor level of soluble EPCR was associated with severe malaria. PMID: 26620701
  26. Serum soluble EPCR is elevated in Alzheimer's disease. The degree of cognitive impairment is significantly correlated with serum sEPCR levels in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment patients and healthy controls. PMID: 25588409
  27. Report activation of protein C and down-regulation of EPCR in trophobolasts stimulated with TNF-alpha. PMID: 25667200
  28. This effect of EPCR may be dependent on PAR1. PMID: 25895599
  29. results did not conclusively identify a direct role of sEPCR in HSP, but our findings warrant further investigations, especially in severe HSP cases characterized by gastrointestinal bleeding or renal involvement PMID: 24308805
  30. The degree of arteriovenous fistula stenosis was not correlated with serum EPCR PMID: 24627030
  31. results demonstrate that EPCR is overexpressed and mediates the aggressive behavior of rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts, and is likely driven by group V secretory phospholipase A2 PMID: 24495480
  32. Individuals exposed to high levels of Plasmodium falciparum PfEMP1 acquire antibodies to EPCR-binding CIDR domains early in life. PMID: 26015475
  33. genetic variation in the PROCR gene in our study population does not influence susceptibility to major severe malaria phenotypes PMID: 25541704
  34. Low PROCR mRNA expression levels associated with a poor prognosis in patients with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) represents an exhaustion of the natural anticoagulant system, and reflects the final decompensate stage of DIC. PMID: 25246042
  35. Increased coagulation activity and genetic polymorphisms in the F5, F10 and EPCR genes are associated with breast cancer. PMID: 25407022
  36. It was concluded that measuring EPCR levels at admission could provide an early biological marker of the outcome of cerebral malaria. PMID: 25425698
  37. EPCR expression in breast cancer cells, despite having initial growth advantage, may have a role in limiting cancer progression at an advanced stage PMID: 24024878
  38. Blocking antibodies to EPCR attenuate in vivo tumor growth and proliferation specifically of EPCR(+) cells on defined integrin matrices in vitro. PMID: 24862151
  39. Elevated levels of soluble endothelial protein C receptor, a sensitive marker of endothelial damage, indicated a low level of inflammation and coagulation activation in Maraviroc treated patients not picked up by other widely used markers. PMID: 22715361
  40. Piperlonguminine might have potential as an anti-sEPCR shedding reagent against PMA-mediated EPCR shedding. PMID: 24127121
  41. The association of PROCR rs867186 with severe malaria is examined in Thai population and showed significant association with protection from severe malaria. PMID: 24635948
  42. The study suggests a putative role of EPCR SNPs in the development of thrombosis in multiple myeloma patients. PMID: 23993723
  43. The EPCR AA genotype was significantly more frequent in the healthy volunteers free of venous thrombosis. PMID: 24158116
  44. 3 polymorphisms in the EPCR gene were genotyped in 389 critically ill Greek patients to assess genetic risk for developing severe sepsis or septic shock. H2 carriers had an excess of ss/ss vs. genotypes H1 and H3. PMID: 23881209
  45. PROCR H1 protects against venous thromboembolism. There is an increased risk of VTE associated with the H3 haplotype. PMID: 24436369
  46. sEPCR acts on the innate immune response by decreasing effector cells such as natural killer and T helper cells (TH2, TH17 and TH21). PMID: 23877403
  47. Increased EPCR-levels correlate with accelerated mortality in patients with melioidosis. PMID: 23875041
  48. EPCR is expressed not only by a wide range of human malignant hematological cells but also the detection of plasma sEPCR levels provides a powerful insight into thrombotic risk assessment in cancer patients, especially when it surpasses 200 ng/mL. PMID: 23342274
  49. conclude that urinary sEPCR could be a novel non-invasive biomarker of antibody mediated rejection in renal transplantation PMID: 23717683
  50. Our data suggest that mutations that impair PC-EPCR interactions may be associated with an increased risk of venous thromboembolism. PMID: 24051141

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