Recombinant Human Delta-Type Opioid Receptor (OPRD1) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Delta-Type Opioid Receptor (OPRD1) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-02031P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Delta-Type Opioid Receptor (OPRD1) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P41143
Target Symbol	OPRD1
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	in vitro E.coli expression system
Tag	N-10His
Target Protein Sequence	MEPAPSAGAELQPPLFANASDAYPSACPSAGANASGPPGARSASSLALAIAITALYSAVCAVGLLGNVLVMFGIVRYTKMKTATNIYIFNLALADALATSTLPFQSAKYLMETWPFGELLCKAVLSIDYYNMFTSIFTLTMMSVDRYIAVCHPVKALDFRTPAKAKLINICIWVLASGVGVPIMVMAVTRPRDGAVVCMLQFPSPSWYWDTVTKICVFLFAFVVPILIITVCYGLMLLRLRSVRLLSGSKEKDRSLRRITRMVLVVVGAFVVCWAPIHIFVIVWTLVDIDRRDPLVVAALHLCIALGYANSSLNPVLYAFLDENFKRCFRQLCRKPCGRPDPSSFSRAREATARERVTACTPSDGPGGGAAA
Expression Range	1-372aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	41.9 kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	G-protein coupled receptor that functions as receptor for endogenous enkephalins and for a subset of other opioids. Ligand binding causes a conformation change that triggers signaling via guanine nucleotide-binding proteins (G proteins) and modulates the activity of down-stream effectors, such as adenylate cyclase. Signaling leads to the inhibition of adenylate cyclase activity. Inhibits neurotransmitter release by reducing calcium ion currents and increasing potassium ion conductance. Plays a role in the perception of pain and in opiate-mediated analgesia. Plays a role in developing analgesic tolerance to morphine.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	G-protein coupled receptor 1 family
Database References	HGNC: 8153 OMIM: 165195 KEGG: hsa:4985 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000234961 UniGene: PMID: 29768254 Site-specific O-glycosylation of N-terminal serine residues by polypeptide GalNAc-transferase 2 modulates human delta-opioid receptor turnover at the plasma membrane. PMID: 29097258 OPRD1 gene variants and their haplotypes can play important roles in susceptibility to opioid dependence. PMID: 28632076 Homozygotes AA at rs6265 (BDNF), TT at rs16917234 (BDNF), and CC at rs508448 (OPRD1) also appeared as risk factors for the endophenotype earlier age of onset for heroin use. PMID: 28692418 Di-lysine binding motifs within the second and third intracellular loops of DOPr are involved in the interaction with COPI. PMID: 28041939 Functional activity of Dynorphin 1-17 and fragments (1-6, 1-7 and 1-9) were screened over a range of concentrations against forskolin stimulated human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK) cells stably transfected with one of KOP, MOP or DOP PMID: 28049031 A polymorphism in OPRD1 appears to be associated with both cocaine dependence and cocaine use during treatment in African-Americans. Follow-up studies to confirm the effect on cocaine use are warranted. PMID: 27449273 OPRD1 promoter hypermethylation is associated with the risk of AD PMID: 28253273 This review addresses Delta Opioid receptors from the perspective of cellular and molecular determinants of their pharmacological diversity. PMID: 27343248 After inhibition of the PKC/ERK signalling pathway, the effects of DOR on breast cancer were significantly attenuated in vivo and in vitro. In summary, DOR is highly expressed in breast cancer and is closely related to its progression. These results suggest that DOR may serve as a potential biomarker for the early diagnosis of breast cancer and may be a viable molecular target for therapeutic intervention. PMID: 27665747 The study successfully developed a population PKPD model for oxycodone across three experimental pain types and investigated the association between 18 SNPs across all three opioid receptor genes (OPRM1, OPRK1, OPRD1) and analgesic response from oxycodone. None of the selected polymorphisms were significantly associated with analgesic response of oxycodone. PMID: 26946441 the expression of DOR was upregulated in the drugresistant human hepatocellular carcinoma cells. PMID: 26549838 OPRD-mediated activation of ERK1/2 is via ligand-specific transactivation of EGFR. PMID: 26211551 Results suggest deltaOR-Phe27Cys variation modulates beta- and gamma-secretase activity in late-stage Alzheimer's disease likely via post-translational mechanisms PMID: 26402014 findings suggest that SNPs in opioid receptors and the PNOC genes are associated with NAS severity. PMID: 26233486 Activation of the delta opioid receptor promotes cutaneous wound healing by affecting keratinocyte intercellular adhesion and migration PMID: 24628261 Analysis of the transcription factor POU2F3 revealed a DOPr-mediated extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)-dependent downregulation of this factorThe delta-opioid receptor affects epidermal homeostasis PMID: 25178105 findings suggest that rs581111 and rs52920 may be useful when considering treatment options for female opioid addicts, however, confirmation in an independent sample is warranted PMID: 24126707 OPRD1 rs678849 polymorphism was associated with reduced brain volumes in young participants and elderly Alzheimer's Disease and Mild Cognitive Impairment patients, but brain regions affected differed PMID: 23427138 Taken together, the hdeltaOR appears to rely primarily on the CNX-mediated N-glycan-dependent QC that has the capacity to assist in folding PMID: 24798333 OPRD1 polymorphisms are associated with risk for heroin dependence. PMID: 22500942 Some variants less known for obesity-susceptibility such as OPRD1 were found to be associated to weight with strongest effects in males. PMID: 23318717 DOR is highly expressed in HCC and is involved in HCC progression, suggesting that DOR is a potential target for HCC treatment PMID: 23903826 crystal structure of the human delta-opioid receptor (delta-OR), revealing the presence and fundamental role of a sodium ion in mediating allosteric control of receptor functional selectivity and constitutive activity PMID: 24413399 The levels of spontaneous and ligand-induced receptor-G protein coupling in delta (DOP) and mu (MOP) opioid receptors, was examined. PMID: 23836900 Polymorphisms in OPRD1 are relevant for cocaine addiction in the African American population and support a broad role for OPRD1 variants in drug dependence. PMID: 22795689 delta and mu-opioid receptors, but not kappa-opioid receptors, are functional in the neuronally stimulated longitudinal human vas deferens PMID: 22752269 SNPs rs569356 in OPRD1 (variant A1968G in the promoter region) was not associated with respiratory syncytial virus infection PMID: 23222260 no differences in DOR mRNA levels were seen in schizophrenia. PMID: 21810780 between CBR and delta opioid receptor PMID: 22235275 ssarrestin1 is exclusively involved in human delta-opioid receptor desensitization PMID: 22101011 Cys-27 variant of human delta-opioid receptor modulates maturation and cell surface delivery of Phe-27 variant via heteromerization. PMID: 22184124 study confirmed that common single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within OPRD1 confer risk for AN. PMID: 21079607 suggest that aging individuals with at least one human delta opioid receptor(hdeltaOR)(Cys27) encoding allele might have lowered threshold for Ca(2)+ dysregulation in neurons expressing hdeltaOR PMID: 21234650 Data suggest that muOR exists primarily as a dimer that will oligomerize with deltaOR into tetramers, and morphine promotes the dissociation of these tetramers. PMID: 21361347 data suggest that an increased constitutive internalization and/or concurrent signaling of the delta-opioid receptor-Cys27 variant affects APP processing through altered endocytic trafficking of APP PMID: 21464208 Results suggest that the minor G-allele of SNP rs569356 may enhance transcription factor binding and increase OPRD1 expression. PMID: 20300121 human delta opioid receptor (hdeltaOR) exists in a ternary complex with SERCA2b and the ER molecular chaperone calnexin PMID: 20528919 A molecular mechanism for the formation of a DOR/secretase complex that regulates the specificity of secretase for Amyloid beta production. PMID: 20066010 Intrinsic cardiac adrenergic cells constitute a delta-opioid-regulated adrenopeptidergic paracrine system conferring robust cardioprotection through beta(2)-AR/CGRP-R co-signalling. PMID: 19581316 These results suggest that oligomerization of chemokine receptor CCR5 and opioid receptors mu, delta and kappa on the cell membrane of human or monkey lymphocytes may modulate receptor functions. PMID: 12413885 Gene may be linked to etiology of anorexia nervosa. PMID: 12740597 random mutagenesis identified 30 activating point mutations. 3-D modeling revealed an activation path originating from the third extracellular loop and propagating through tightly packed helices III, VI and VII down to a VI-VII cytoplasmic switch. PMID: 12847517 protein conformation and binding site for deltorphin ii PMID: 14999000 interaction studies between the delta-opioid receptor, ligands, and G-proteins PMID: 15317820 investigation of the ability of different opioid receptors to regulate the phosphorylation and degradation of tuberin PMID: 16053916 Results describe the residues of the transmembrane helices 7 of delta and kappa opioid receptors that are on the water-accessible surface of the binding-site crevices. PMID: 16331961 Results suggest that the OPRD1 gene variants may not be a factor in vulnerability to methamphetamine dependence/psychosis. PMID: 16741914 Changes in the inhibitory effects of opioid receptor agonists on intracellular cAMP were used as a marker of the function delta opioid receptors (delta receptor). PMID: 16808998 pharmacological chaperones facilitate plasma membrane targeting of delta-opioid receptors by binding and stabilizing receptor precursors, thereby promoting their release from the stringent ER quality control PMID: 17550902

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.