Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 2 Protein (CCL2), Active

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLC-05518P

Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 2 Protein (CCL2), Active

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLC-05518P
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Product Overview

Description Recombinant Human C-C Motif Chemokine 2 Protein (CCL2), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity Greater than 96% as determined by SDS-PAGE and HPLC.
Endotoxin Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity Fully biologically active when compared to standard. The biological activity determined by a chemotaxis bioassay using human monocytes is in a concentration range of 10-100 ng/ml.
Uniprotkb P13500
Target Symbol CCL2
Synonyms C-C motif chemokine 2; CCL2; CCL2_HUMAN; Chemokine (C C motif) ligand 2; GDCF 2; GDCF-2; GDCF2; HC11; HSMCR30; JE; MCAF; MCP 1; MCP-1; MCP1; MGC9434; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Monocyte chemotactic and activating factor; Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; Monocyte secretory protein JE; SCYA2; Small inducible cytokine A2 (monocyte chemotactic protein 1; homologous to mouse Sig je); Small inducible cytokine A2; Small inducible cytokine subfamily A (Cys Cys); member 2; Small-inducible cytokine A2; SMC CF; SMC-CF; SMCCF
Species Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System E.coli
Tag Tag-Free
Complete Sequence QPDAINAPVT CCYNFTNRKI SVQRLASYRR ITSSKCPKEA VIFKTIVAKE ICADPKQKWV QDSMDHLDKQ TQTPKT
Expression Range 24-99aa
Protein Length Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight 8.7 kDa
Research Area Immunology
Form Lyophilized powder
Buffer Lyophilized from a 0.2 µm filtered PBS, pH 7.4
Reconstitution Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage 1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2. Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions. Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. May be involved in the recruitment of monocytes into the arterial wall during the disease process of atherosclerosis.
Subcellular Location Secreted.
Protein Families Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References

HGNC: 10618

OMIM: 158105

KEGG: hsa:6347

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000225831

UniGene: PMID: 29461240

  • Aberrant histone modifications, including acetylation and tri-methylation, were found both in global histone and specific MCP-1 gene locos in monocytes from patients with coronary artery disease PMID: 29609686
  • Alzheimer disease patients had higher plasma MCP-1 levels compared with mild cognitive impairment patients and controls, and severe AD patients had the highest levels. PMID: 29352259
  • CCL2 played important roles in regulating platelet function and arterial thrombosis through the PKCalpha-P38MAPK-HSP27 pathway. PMID: 29864522
  • Studied role of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) in migration of monocytes and lymphocytes during nickel induced contact hypersensitivity. PMID: 29132256
  • High chemokine CCL2 expression is associated with colorectal cancer. PMID: 30419802
  • NOX4 is induced in early alcoholic liver injury and regulates CCR2/CCL2 mRNA stability thereby promoting recruitment of inflammatory cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines. PMID: 28383062
  • study confirmed the connection between high uMCP-1 levels and poor prognosis and also disease activity in antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibody-Associated Vasculitis (AAV); it also suggests an association of the A/A genotype at position -2518 in the MCP-1 gene and poor prognosis in AAV PMID: 29720895
  • Given that IL-8, MIP-1beta, and MCP-1 are chemokines that play important roles in recruitment of immunocompetent cells for immune defense and tumor cell clearance, the observed lower levels of these markers with increasing PM2.5 exposure may provide insight into the mechanism by which DEE promotes lung cancer. PMID: 29023999
  • In lupus nephritis, urinary MCP-1 and TWEAK possess higher correlation coefficients with renal damage and larger areas under ROC curves than other markers for rapid discrimination of severe disease. PMID: 29451067
  • We propose that endogenous gC1qR/p33 physically interacts with MCP-1 causing stabilization of the MCP-1 protein and stimulation of its activity in human periodontal ligament cells, suggesting a novel gC1qR/p33-mediated pro-inflammatory mechanism of action. PMID: 29358188
  • berberine inhibited the expression of MCP-1 and IL-8 induced by LPS. PMID: 28852897
  • In Colombian systemic lupus erythematosus patients, urinary NGAL and MCP-1 in addition to anti-C1q antibodies were useful biomarkers for the identification of renal involvement and discrimination of active lupus nephritis. PMID: 29073812
  • These results provide evidence that necrotic cells induce the expression of CCL2/MCP-1 and CCL20/MIP-3alpha in glioblastoma cells through activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1 and facilitate the infiltration of microglia into tumor tissues. PMID: 30048972
  • Serum CCL2 and sICAM-1 concentrations were significantly decreased in CNS tumors in comparison with the comparative group. Among proteins tested in the serum, a higher area under the ROC curve (AUC) revealed CCL2 compared to sICAM-1 in differentiating subjects with CNS brain tumors from non-tumoral subjects. PMID: 29086194
  • MCP-1 -2518 genotype may influence the outcome of nonsurgical periodontal treatment in aggressive periodontitis patients. PMID: 28427824
  • Study describes how cysteine-rich 61 (CCN1) promotes monocyte migration by upregulating monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (CCL2) expression in osteoblasts in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease. CCN1 could serve as a potential target for RA treatment. PMID: 28341837
  • The MCP-1 concentration was positively correlated with blood pressure among smokers. PMID: 29098933
  • CCL2-2518A/G (rs1024611) polymorphism is significantly associated with risk of gynecological cancer. PMID: 29458367
  • High MCP1 expression is associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. PMID: 29205349
  • Results provide evidence for MCP-1 involvement in the development of PVVs and indicate that inflammation could be implicated in the pathogenesis of this condition. PMID: 28623996
  • Study found that the activation of CCR2 by its ligand CCL2 increased the expression of SMO and Gli-1, resulting in Hh pathway activation, epithelial-mesenchymal transition and hepatocellular carcinoma cell invasion. PMID: 29115520
  • these findings collectively indicate that TGF-beta regulates CCL2 expression in a stage-dependent manner during breast cancer progression PMID: 29107385
  • Individuals with rs1024611 AG and GG genotypes exhibited significantly higher susceptibility to Diabetic Foot Ulcers. PMID: 29995756
  • REVIEW: regulation and importance of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 PMID: 28914666
  • this study shows that CCL2 promoter hypomethylation is associated with gout risk in Chinese Han male population PMID: 28690186
  • Results showed that both heterozygous and homozygous genotypes are associated with age-related macular degeneration pathology. Allele frequency analysis showed that 'G' allele is frequent in AMD patients as compared to controls PMID: 29664944
  • Oxidative stress markers in the pregestational period did not have a predictive value in the recurrent pregnancy loss and repeated implantation failure . CCL2 might be useful in risk prediction PMID: 28707148
  • Distributions of MCP-1 -2518A/G and VEGF -634C/G polymorphisms are significantly different between type 2 diabetes mellitus and diabetic foot ulcer patients PMID: 29901584
  • In multivariate analysis, the IL1B rs16944 TT and TNF rs1799964 TC genotypes were significantly associated with intrauterine cytomegalovirus infection. Twenty-two out of 72 congenitally infected newborns had confirmed sensorineural hearing loss. Carriers of CT or TT genotype of CCL2 rs13900 had increased risk of hearing loss at birth and at 6 months of age. PMID: 28501927
  • Effective IL1beta and CCL2 antagonists are currently in clinical review to treat benign inflammatory disease, and their transition to the cancer clinic could have a rapid impact PMID: 28790030
  • The genotype and allele frequencies between groups did not show significant differences. However, the GG genotype was the most frequent in children with insulin resistance. The GG genotype was associated with insulin resistance (OR = 2.2, P = 0.03) in a genetic model. Conclusion The -2518 A>G MCP-1 gene polymorphism may be related to the development of insulin resistance in Mexican children. PMID: 29694633
  • the results of the present study confirmed CCL2 as a direct target of miR-206, and showed that the upregulation of CCL2 caused by the downregulation of miR-206 was responsible for the development of severe HEV71 encephalitis. PMID: 28765968
  • data disclose the complexity of MCP-1 regulation upon CHIKV infection and point to a crucial role of IFNbeta in the chemokine secretion. PMID: 27558873
  • The study suggests that MCP-1 (-2518A>G) AG genotype and G allele could be considered as risk factors for susceptibility to ovarian cancer. PMID: 28886321
  • use of MCP-1/IL-10 ratio in combination with ultrasound findings appears to provide a promising modality for predicting preeclampsia PMID: 28038968
  • It can be concluded that MCP-1 and CCR2 polymorphisms are not associated with AgP in Turkish population. PMID: 28458180
  • Clathrithromycin suppressed TLR4-mediated MCP-1 production in human mesangial cells. PMID: 27614743
  • CCL2 siRNA exhibited effective inhibition of cell proliferation and angiogenesis in the glioma cell line U251. PMID: 28714025
  • CCL2 in addition to IFN-gamma can be used to differentiate among Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection possibilities. PMID: 28610785
  • Results indicated that MCP-1 and CCR2 polymorphisms may influence the progression of IgAN, but not increase/decrease its susceptibility. PMID: 27788494
  • Data suggest that, compared to control individuals, patients with T2DM-Y (young onset type 2 diabetes), NPDR (non-proliferative diabetic retinopathy) and PDR (proliferative diabetic retinopathy) exhibit significantly higher serum levels of MCP-1. This study was conducted in India. PMID: 28336215
  • The meta-analysis demonstrated that urinary MCP-1 was significantly higher in patients with active LN than in those with inactive LN and control subjects, and the patients with inactive LN showed significantly higher urinary MCP-1 levels than the controls. PMID: 27278779
  • investigated whether functional polymorphism at MCP-1 regulatory region associates with disease phenotype in Indian systemic lupus erythematosus patients (SLE) patients; findings suggest that -2518G allele of MCP-1 -2518 A/G polymorphism is associated with renal disorders and may influence MCP-1 gene expression among Indian SLE patients PMID: 28433894
  • joint interaction analysis of ACE I/D and CCL2 C-2518T showed a significantly higher frequency of II genotype of ACE I/D in coexistence with TT genotype of CCL2 C-2518T in Henoch-Schonlein purpura (HSP) patients. PMID: 28691415
  • EGF up-regulated CCL2 expression in HNSCC cells, which recruited monocytes and turned them into M2-like macrophages, thus forming a positive feedback paracrine loop. PMID: 27888616
  • CCL2 gene silencing inhibits primary tumor growth and metastasis, associated with a reduction in cancer stem cell renewal and recruitment of M2 macrophages in triple negative breast cancer PMID: 27283985
  • Mesenchymal stem cells from Ankylosing spondylitis patients secreted more monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP1) during abnormal osteogenic differentiation. PMID: 27921117
  • CCL2 polymorphism is associated with susceptibility to latent tuberculous infection in well-defined North-East Thai populations. PMID: 27510253
  • Meta-analysis suggests that the MCP-1-2518A/G polymorphism is associated with an increased risk of lupus nephritis. PMID: 29390552

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    Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

    Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

    Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

    Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

    To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.

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