Recombinant Human Bis (FHIT) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Bis (FHIT) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-08319P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Bis (FHIT) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P49789
Target Symbol	FHIT
Synonyms	FHITBis(5'-adenosyl)-triphosphatase; EC 3.6.1.29; AP3A hydrolase; AP3Aase; Diadenosine 5',5'''-P1,P3-triphosphate hydrolase; Dinucleosidetriphosphatase; Fragile histidine triad protein
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	SFRFGQHLIKPSVVFLKTELSFALVNRKPVVPGHVLVCPLRPVERFHDLRPDEVADLFQTTQRVGTVVEKHFHGTSLTFSMQDGPEAGQTVKHVHVHVLPRKAGDFHRNDSIYEELQKHDKEDFPASWRSEEEMAAEAAALRVYFQ
Expression Range	2-147aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	20.7kDa
Research Area	Epigenetics And Nuclear Signaling
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Possesses dinucleoside triphosphate hydrolase activity. Cleaves P(1)-P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate (Ap3A) to yield AMP and ADP. Can also hydrolyze P(1)-P(4)-bis(5'-adenosyl) tetraphosphate (Ap4A), but has extremely low activity with ATP. Exhibits adenylylsulfatase activity, hydrolyzing adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate to yield AMP and sulfate. Exhibits adenosine 5'-monophosphoramidase activity, hydrolyzing purine nucleotide phosphoramidates with a single phosphate group such as adenosine 5'monophosphoramidate (AMP-NH2) to yield AMP and NH2. Exhibits adenylylsulfate-ammonia adenylyltransferase, catalyzing the ammonolysis of adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate resulting in the formation of adenosine 5'-phosphoramidate. Also catalyzes the ammonolysis of adenosine 5-phosphorofluoridate and diadenosine triphosphate. Modulates transcriptional activation by CTNNB1 and thereby contributes to regulate the expression of genes essential for cell proliferation and survival, such as CCND1 and BIRC5. Plays a role in the induction of apoptosis via SRC and AKT1 signaling pathways. Inhibits MDM2-mediated proteasomal degradation of p53/TP53 and thereby plays a role in p53/TP53-mediated apoptosis. Induction of apoptosis depends on the ability of FHIT to bind P(1)-P(3)-bis(5'-adenosyl) triphosphate or related compounds, but does not require its catalytic activity, it may in part come from the mitochondrial form, which sensitizes the low-affinity Ca(2+) transporters, enhancing mitochondrial calcium uptake. Functions as tumor suppressor.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Mitochondrion. Nucleus.
Database References	HGNC: 3701 OMIM: 601153 KEGG: hsa:2272 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000342087 UniGene: PMID: 29752880 Fhit expression impacts the translation of a number of cancer associated genes. PMID: 29282095 overexpression of Fhit, a tumor suppressor protein, induces autophagy in NSCLC cells. Further, we found that this autophagy is mediated by 14-3-3tau and plays a cytoprotective role against the antitumor effect of Fhit both in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 28404875 Review/Meta-analysis: significant difference in FHIT gene promoter methylation status in non-small cell lung carcinoma patients was found in Asians but not in Caucasian population. PMID: 28036263 these results show that squamous cell carcinomas of the vulva presents a characteristic molecular pattern with FHIT being downregulated whereas HMGA2 is upregulated PMID: 27835588 It has been proposed that Fhit and Wwox loss work synergistically in cancer progression and that DNA damage caused by Fhit could be targeted early in cancer initiation for prevention, while DNA damage caused by Wwox loss could be targeted later in cancer progression, particularly in cancers that develop resistance to genotoxic therapies. (Review) PMID: 27773744 Two variants were identified for maximal voluntary ventilation and located in the genes of LOC102724340 (rs41434646) and FHIT (rs9833533). FHIT represses transcriptional activity of beta-catenin, a critical protein for growth of skeletal muscle, and thus might have influenced the level of maximal voluntary ventilation. PMID: 29095316 This study demonstrates that Fhit down-regulation is an early event in both multistep carcinogenic processes leading to pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma PMID: 28289900 The results have implications for the mechanism by which Fhit regulates TK1 mRNA, and more broadly, for its modulation of multiple functions as tumor suppressor/genome caretaker. PMID: 28093273 RARb and FHIT promoter methylation may be associated with the carcinogenesis of cervical cancer. FHIT promoter methylation may play a crucial role in cervical cancer progression. Additional studies with large sample sizes are essential to confirm our findings. PMID: 28639889 The peptide was located within the 'disordered' region, which is invisible in the known crystal structures of Fhit. PMID: 28094435 Both the 3p14.2 locus copy number and FHIT protein expression levels showed significant decreases when CIN transitioned to cervical cancer. PMID: 28414756 Study indicate that the observed level of FHIT promoter methylation was not enough to suppress gene expression in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Lack of negative correlation between FHIT expression and methylation, or positive correlation between gene expression and immunoexpression suggest the role of another molecular mechanisms regulating FHIT expression on mRNA and protein levels in NSCLC patients. PMID: 27572663 High methylation in the FHIT promoter region is associated with lung cancer. PMID: 27716889 the expression profile of miRNAs that may be associated with expression of the FHIT gene in breast cancer, was examined. PMID: 27236032 FHIT hypermethylation, which induces the inactivation of FHIT gene, plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and clinical outcome and may serve as a potential drug target of non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 26796853 FHIT hypermethylation, which induces the inactivation of FHIT gene, plays an important role in the carcinogenesis and clinical outcome and may serve as a potential diagnostic marker and drug target of non-small-cell lung carcinoma PMID: 26929601 Low FHIT Gene Expression is associated with Acute Lymphoblastic Leukemia. PMID: 26745060 In 22 lung cancer patients with negative histology and cytology at initial bronchoscopy, FHIT and p16 mRNA loss was detected in 40.9% (9/22) and 36.4% (8/22) cases, respectively. PMID: 23709347 The results showed that the methylation levels of both BRCA1 and FHIT promoters were higher in the serum of the breast ductal carcinoma group than those of the breast fibroadenoma group. PMID: 26406001 Review/Meta-analysis: FHIT methylation could be a diagnostic biomarker of breast carcinogenesis. PMID: 26491255 Mutations of the FHIT gene are not major cause of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome. PMID: 27060312 Adenylylsulfate-ammonia adenylyltransferase activity is another inherent property of Fhit proteins. PMID: 26181368 APOBEC3B overexpression and Fhit-loss induced DNA damage are independent events that, when occurring together, result in a significantly increased frequency of APOBEC-induced mutations that drive cancer progression. PMID: 25401976 Hypermethylation of FHIT gene is associated with Epstein-Barr virus-associated gastric carcinomas. PMID: 25720522 FHIT promotor hypermethylation is associated with the development of breast cancer. PMID: 25735361 Data indicate that fragile histidine triad protein [FHIT) contributes partially to radioresistance and predicts clinical outcomes in irradiated oral cancer. PMID: 25460508 Fhit nuclear translocation upon mitogenic stimulation may represent a new regulatory mechanism that allows rapid restoration of Fhit cytoplasmic levels and promotes the proliferation cascade activated by mitogenic stimulation PMID: 25711523 Data are consistent with a mechanism in which Fhit protein is required for accumulation of the transcriptional repressor of HMOX1, Bach1 protein. PMID: 25486479 the decrease in the expression of miR-29b by c-Myc may be responsible for FHIT loss-mediated tumor aggressiveness and for poor outcome in non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 24909176 the induction of Slug expression by AKT/NF-kappaB signaling pathway due to FHIT loss not only promotes tumor invasion, but also confers cisplatin resistance due to Slug-mediated PUMA reduction in lung cancer cells. PMID: 24998847 Patients with FHIT methylation might promote cervical cancer progression. PMID: 25422218 we demonstrate that the expression pattern of FHIT and miR-30c is inversely correlated with that of MTDH and HMGA2 in normal tissue, non-metastatic and metastatic tumors, serving as a potential biomarker for metastasis in lung cancer. PMID: 25340791 The Fhit possesses diadenosine triphosphate hydrolase activity, but although reduction of its enzymatic activity appears to be important for exerting its tumor suppressor function, the regulation of Fhit activity is poorly understood. PMID: 25098403 methylation of FHIT is a useful biomarker of biologically aggressive disease in patients with non-small cell lung carcinomas PMID: 24935385 The total frequency of FHIT, RASSF1A and RARbeta gene methylation was significantly higher in lung cancer. PMID: 25040980 Hypermethylation of FHIT gene promoter region was found more frequent in cancer tissue than controls. PMID: 24667261 FHIT expression can block the PI3K-Akt pathway by suppressing phosphorylation of Akt in cholangiocarcinoma cells. PMID: 24757411 Loss of FHIT function leads to nucleotide imbalance, spontaneous replication stress, and DNA breaks. [review] PMID: 25283145 FHIT loss was observed in 64% of non-small-cell lung carcinoma patients and was significantly associated with squamous cell carcinoma and poor tumor grade. PMID: 24185125 These results showed that Fhit was up-regulated specifically by activating Galpha subunits of the Gq subfamily but not by those of the other G protein subfamilies. PMID: 23993961 The expressions of DAPK1, FHIT, MGMT, and CDKN2A were detected The methylation of the promoter region significantly decreased the expression of only DAPK1 PMID: 23494221 our meta-analysis provides evidences that negative expression of FHIT protein may be correlated with poor prognosis in patients with gastric cancer PMID: 24729090 Fhit delocalizes annexin A4 from plasma membrane to cytosol and sensitizes lung cancer cells to paclitaxel. PMID: 24223161 Results identify a novel member of the miR-548 family in the fourth intron of the human FHIT gene. PMID: 24556720 Data indicate that expression of several predicted chimeric genes and genes with disrupted exon structure including ALK, NBAS, FHIT, PTPRD and ODZ4 in neuroblastoma. PMID: 23991058 Immunohistochemical staining of oral squamous cell carcinoma shows that Fhit negativity is associated with cervical lymph node metastasis and poor disease-specific survival. PMID: 23944951 Our results suggest that loss of Fhit expression in breast cancer is associated with poor prognostic features, and it is also relevant to the results in HER2-negative breast cancer. PMID: 23969757 Reduced expression of FHIT gene is associated with the progression of colon adenocarcinoma. PMID: 24370550 FHIT gene is a "caretaker gene" necessary for maintenance of genome stability. PMID: 23929738

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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