Recombinant Human Autophagy-Related Protein 16-1 (ATG16L1) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Autophagy-Related Protein 16-1 (ATG16L1) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-08604P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Autophagy-Related Protein 16-1 (ATG16L1) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q676U5
Target Symbol	ATG16L1
Synonyms	A16L1_HUMAN; APG16 like 1; APG16-like 1; APG16L; APG16L beta; ATG16 autophagy related 16 like 1; ATG16 autophagy related 16-like 1 (S. cerevisiae); ATG16A; ATG16L; Atg16l1; Autophagy related protein 16 1; Autophagy-related protein 16-1; FLJ00045; FLJ10035; FLJ10828; FLJ22677; IBD10; OTTHUMP00000164391; OTTHUMP00000164393; OTTHUMP00000165876; OTTHUMP00000165877; WD repeat domain 30; WDR30
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	MSSGLRAADFPRWKRHISEQLRRRDRLQRQAFEEIILQYNKLLEKSDLHSVLAQKLQAEKHDVPNRHEISPGHDGTWNDNQLQEMAQLRIKHQEELTELHKKRGELAQLVIDLNNQMQRKDREMQMNEAKIAECLQTISDLETECLDLRTKLCDLERANQTLKDEYDALQITFTALEGKLRKTTEENQELVTRWMAEKAQEANRLNAENEKDSRRRQARLQKELAEAAKEPLPVEQDDDIEVIVDETSDHTEETSPVRAISRAATKRLSQPAGGLLDSITNIFGRRSVSSFPVPQDNVDTHPGSGKEVRVPATALCVFDAHDGEVNAVQFSPGSRLLATGGMDRRVKLWEVFGEKCEFKGSLSGSNAGITSIEFDSAGSYLLAASNDFASRIWTVDDYRLRHTLTGHSGKVLSAKFLLDNARIVSGSHDRTLKLWDLRSKVCIKTVFAGSSCNDIVCTEQCVMSGHFDKKIRFWDIRSESIVREMELLGKITALDLNPERTELLSCSRDDLLKVIDLRTNAIKQTFSAPGFKCGSDWTRVVFSPDGSYVAAGSAEGSLYIWSVLTGKVEKVLSKQHSSSINAVAWSPSGSHVVSVDKGCKAVLWAQY
Expression Range	1-607aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	84.3kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Plays an essential role in autophagy: interacts with ATG12-ATG5 to mediate the conjugation of phosphatidylethanolamine (PE) to LC3 (MAP1LC3A, MAP1LC3B or MAP1LC3C), to produce a membrane-bound activated form of LC3 named LC3-II. Thereby, controls the elongation of the nascent autophagosomal membrane. Regulates mitochondrial antiviral signaling (MAVS)-dependent type I interferon (IFN-I) production. Negatively regulates NOD1- and NOD2-driven inflammatory cytokine response. Instead, promotes with NOD2 an autophagy-dependent antibacterial pathway. Plays a role in regulating morphology and function of Paneth cell.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Preautophagosomal structure membrane; Peripheral membrane protein.
Protein Families	WD repeat ATG16 family
Database References	HGNC: 21498 OMIM: 610767 KEGG: hsa:55054 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000375872 UniGene: PMID: 30236831 show that the WD repeat-containing C-terminal domain (WD40 CTD) of ATG16L1 is essential for LC3 recruitment to endolysosomal membranes during non-canonical autophagy PMID: 29317426 the role of the autophagy elongation complex (ATG5-12/16L1) in Hepatitis C virus replication and membranous web formation, was examined. PMID: 28067309 The association of ATG16L1 to Crohn's disease in Iranian patients was confirmed while it was shown that the studied polymorphisms in IRGM was not associated with Crohn's disease. PMID: 29960072 T300A polymorphism alters the function of motif-containing molecules that engage ATG16L1 through the WD40 domain PMID: 27273576 Two SNPs (rs4663421 and rs6758317) and the TT haplotype of the ATG16L1 gene are possibly associated with ankylosing spondylitis susceptibility in a Chinese Han female population. PMID: 28952203 the ATG16L1 genotype was significantly associated with the risk of developing Crohn's disease. PMID: 27698206 The identification, purification, biochemical characterization and crystallization of the proteolytically stable ATG16L1 subfragment, 72-307, are reported here. PMID: 28994404 Our results suggest that these three genes that are critical components of the autophagy pathway (ATG16L, ATG2B, ATG5) are not significant risk factors among Spanish patients with either pseudoexfoliation syndrome or pseudoexfoliation glaucoma. PMID: 27960588 TMEM74 promotes tumor cell survival by inducing autophagy via interactions with ATG16L1 and ATG9A. PMID: 29048433 HBV gained access to Atg5-12/16L1 via interaction of its core protein with the Atg12 moiety of the complex. In contrast, subsequent autophagosome maturation and closure events were unnecessary for HBV replication, as evidenced by inhibition of Atg8/LC3 conjugation. Interfering with the HBV/Atg12 cross talk may be a tool for virus control. PMID: 29367244 genetic variations in ATG16L1 can predict brain metastasis (BM) and that genome analysis would facilitate stratification of patients for BM prevention trials. PMID: 28441070 transient expression of ATG16L1 not only inhibited autophagosome biogenesis, but also aberrantly targeted RAB11-positive recycling endosomes, resulting in recycling endosome aggregates. PMID: 27875067 the ATG16L1 (T300A) variant is associated with necrotizing enterocolitis in premature infants PMID: 27893720 this study shows that the association between ATG16L1 and Crohn's disease is mediated at least in part through Rac1 hyperactivation and subsequent defective dendritic cell migration PMID: 27435106 the data suggested that genetic variants within the ATG16L1 gene promoter were not a risk factor for sporadic Parkinson's disease development PMID: 28279708 Polymorphism in ATG16L1 gene is associated withinflammatory bowel disease. PMID: 28542425 EVA1A interacts with the WD repeats of ATG16L1 through its C-terminal and promotes ATG12-ATG5/ATG16L1 complex recruitment to the autophagic membrane and enhances the formation of the autophagosome. PMID: 27490928 Identified and present structure of the predicted WD40 domain boundaries of the autophagy-related protein 16-1 (ATG16L1). PMID: 28685931 this study revealed that ATG16L1 deficiency led to alterations in macrophage function that contribute to the severity of Crohn disease PMID: 28130498 The present results support the hypothesis that Trimethylamine N-oxide may be involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease by impacting ATG16L1-induced autophagy and activating NLRP3 inflammasome. PMID: 28629999 MicroRNA-410 regulates autophagy-related gene ATG16L1 expression and enhances chemosensitivity via autophagy inhibition in osteosarcoma.( PMID: 28138700 we focus on the contributions of the plasma membrane to autophagosome biogenesis governed by ATG16L1 and ATG9A trafficking, and summarize the physiological and pathological implications of this macroautophagy route, from development and stem cell fate to neurodegeneration and cancer. PMID: 27758042 ATG16L1 T300A Polymorphism is Correlated with Gastric Cancer Susceptibility. PMID: 26547861 Induction of Anti-TNF induced macrophages is impaired in donors carrying the T300A risk allele for the ATG16L1 suggesting that an intact autophagy pathway may be important for an optimal response to anti-TNF therapy in inflammatory bowel disease. PMID: 26417049 The Egr-1 and Atg16L1 genes' polymorphisms were significant risk factors for susceptibility to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) . These results demonstrate that autophagy regulator genetic mutations are associated with COPD in male smokers. PMID: 24012056 Subjects homozygous for the autophagy-related 16-like protein (ATG16L1) CD-associated gene variant (rs2241880), had low SHIP mRNA expression and activity. PMID: 26226011 The Thr300Ala variant in ATG16L1 is associated with improved survival in human colorectal cancer and enhanced production of type I interferon. PMID: 25645662 ATG16L1 as a bona fide physiological CSNK2 and PPP1 substrate, which reveals a novel molecular link from CSNK2 to activation of the autophagy-specific ATG12-ATG5-ATG16L1 complex and autophagy induction PMID: 26083323 Knockdown of Atg16L1, a crucial autophagy gene, leads to developmental retention of early-stage cells in various tissues where the differentiation of stem cells is retarded. PMID: 26837467 Antibacterial autophagy is impaired in CLEC12A-deficient cells, and this effect is exacerbated in the presence of the ATG16L1( *)300A risk allele. PMID: 26095365 ATG16L1 may be used as a biomarker for selecting oral squamous cell carcinoma patients with a more aggressive phenotype. PMID: 25060858 CNTNAP3 could upregulate the expression of ATG16L1 and increase autophagy vacuoles PMID: 25883416 decreased expression in colon biopsies of Crohn's disease patients; conversely, increased expression in ulcerative colitis patients PMID: 25886994 ATG16L1 variant rs2241880 was associated with 38% increase in the risk for Crohn's disease for higher mutational load, whereas IL23R variant rs11209026 decreased the risk by 54% for higher mutational load. PMID: 25738374 CD patients homozygous for the ATG16L1-T300A risk allele show impaired clearance of pathosymbionts in ileal inflammation indicating that ATG16L1 is essential for effective elimination of pathosymbionts upon inflammation. PMID: 25253126 genotyped 31 Crohn's disease (CD)-associated genes in 102 Slovenian patients. The strongest association for treatment response defined as decrease in CRP levels was found for ATG16L1 SNP rs10210302. PMID: 25712183 These two steps are essential for the maturation of small single-membrane autophagic precursors containing ATG16L1 and mATG9 proteins into double-membrane autophagosomes PMID: 25461811 The signaling axis of HIF-1a, miR-20a-5p, and ATG16L1 in autophagic process might be a critical adapting mechanism for ischemic kidney injury. PMID: 26165754 ATG16L1 gene does play a role in the pathogenesis of Crohn's Disease in the Chinese population. PMID: 25048429 ATG16L1 expression could influence vascular endothelial function during atherogenesis. PMID: 25767270 Data suggest ATG16L1 dimer interacts with WIPI2b (WD repeat domain phosphoinositide-interacting protein 2) and this interaction is linked to phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate production in endoplasmic reticulum and autophagosome formation. [REVIEW] PMID: 25233411 results showed that the prevalence of ATG16L1 and IL23R variants was not significantly different between patients and controls. However a possible role of ATG16L1 (T300A) on CD phenotype was suggested PMID: 25159710 Subjects carrying GG genotype were at a higher risk for colorectal cancer (OR 1.99, 95% CI: 1.02-3.91, p=0.039) when compared with the more frequent AA genotype. PMID: 24715166 Monocytes of Crohn's disease patients show enhanced phagocytosis associated with the presence of ATG16L1 and NOD2 variants. PMID: 24627602 MIR142-3p, upon transient overexpression in the cells, resulted in decreased ATG16L1 mRNA and protein levels PMID: 24401604 Carriage of the minor A allele of ATG16L1 was associated with septic shock with at least one organ failure (odds ratio (OR): 2.40, p: 0.036). PMID: 24791954 this is the first paediatric study reporting an association between the presence of the rs2241880 risk polymorphism of ATG16L1 in children with CD and a more severe phenotype of the disease. PMID: 24656308 The frequency of the allele G of the polymorphism T300A was higher in the group of patients with Crohn's disease (48.6%) than in controls (42.4%), although not reaching statistical significance. PMID: 25003259 Letter: ATG16L1 rs2241880 genetic polymorphism does not confer predisposition to rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 23535819

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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