Recombinant Human ALCAM Protein (C-Fc)

Name: Recombinant Human ALCAM Protein (C-Fc)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0176NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0176NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Antibody / cell therapy targets, Antibody therapeutic / adc target proteins, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human CD166 Antigen is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Trp28-Ala526 is expressed with a human IgG1 Fc tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	Q13740
Synonym	CD166 antigen; Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule; CD166; ALCAM; MEMD
Gene Background	Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM), also named as CD166 and MEMD, is a typeI transmembrane glycoprotein of immunoglobulin superfamily, which mediates homotypic and heterotypic interactions between cells. ALCAM is expressed on thymic epithelium, microvascular endothelium, activated lymphocytes and monocytes, and monocytederived dendritic cells. ALCAM mediates low-affinity adhesion with itself or the cysteine-rich scavenger receptor CD6 to regulate T cell development, immunological synapses(IS), and cell migration through endothelial junctions. ALCAM on thymic epithelia mediates adhesion to CD6 on CD4+CD8+ T cells. Adhesion of ALCAM expressing antigen presenting cells and CD6-expressing T cells stabilizes the early IS, while later it enhances CD3 effects on T cell proliferation, CD25 expression, and Th1 commitment. ALCAM may influence expression or adhesion of the neuronal adhesion molecule NCAML1, both in the developing retina and invasive melanoma.
Molecular Mass	82.7 KDa
Apmol Mass	110-125 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Cell adhesion molecule that mediates both heterotypic cell-cell contacts via its interaction with CD6, as well as homotypic cell-cell contacts. Promotes T-cell activation and proliferation via its interactions with CD6. Contributes to the formation and maturation of the immunological synapse via its interactions with CD6. Mediates homotypic interactions with cells that express ALCAM. Required for normal hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in the bone marrow. Mediates attachment of dendritic cells onto endothelial cells via homotypic interaction. Inhibits endothelial cell migration and promotes endothelial tube formation via homotypic interactions. Required for normal organization of the lymph vessel network. Required for normal hematopoietic stem cell engraftment in the bone marrow. Plays a role in hematopoiesis; required for normal numbers of hematopoietic stem cells in bone marrow. Promotes in vitro osteoblast proliferation and differentiation. Promotes neurite extension, axon growth and axon guidance; axons grow preferentially on surfaces that contain ALCAM. Mediates outgrowth and pathfinding for retinal ganglion cell axons.; Inhibits activities of membrane-bound isoforms by competing for the same interaction partners. Inhibits cell attachment via homotypic interactions. Promotes endothelial cell migration. Inhibits endothelial cell tube formation.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cell projection, axon. Cell projection, dendrite.; [Isoform 3]: Secreted.
Database References	HGNC: 400 OMIM: 601662 KEGG: hsa:214 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000305988 UniGene: PMID: 28811252 Activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) has been implicated in tumorigenesis. PMID: 29315254 this study establishes for the first time that CD166 is the ligand of ILT3. Blockade of CD166 by ILT3.Fc inhibited progression of human tumor cell lines in NOD.Cg-Prkdc Il-2rg/SzJ mice, suggesting its potential immunotherapeutic value. PMID: 29263213 These data indicate that cardiac surgery influences the expression of CD162, CD166 and CD195 and that the intensity of the immune system response, displayed as the change in the CD162, CD166, CD195 expression, varies, depending on the surgical technique used. PMID: 27625334 These findings indicate that high ALCAM expression is associated with poor prognosis and advanced clinicopathological characteristics in CRC patients. PMID: 28537909 ALCAM is a potential mediator in the late complications of diabetes in the kidney. PMID: 28325697 we show that although the histological detection of ALCAM within the tumor tissue correlates strongly with tumor stage in BCa (Figure (Figure2),2), it does not appear to be prognostic of overall survival. In contrast, urine ALCAM correlates with tumor stage and is a significant independent predictor of 3-year overall survival for patients after cystectomy. PMID: 27894096 Our data indicate that Gal-8 interacts with ALCAM at the surface of breast cancer cells through glycosylation-dependent mechanisms. A novel heterophilic interaction between ALCAM and Gal-8 is demonstrated here, suggesting its physiologic relevance in the biology of breast cancer cells PMID: 27130882 CD166 functions as a risk factor for cancers, and the alterations of its different functional isoforms were observed to correlate with specific or interplayed clinical outcomes. PMID: 27398729 The results highlight the potential of ALCAM as a recurrent biomarker in early-stage endometrioid endometrial cancer and point to ALCAM as an important molecule in endometrial cancer dissemination by regulating cell migration, invasion, and metastasis. PMID: 27873306 MiR-148a and miR-152 can sensitize tamoxifen-resistant MCF-7 breast cancer cells to tamoxifen via downregulating ALCAM. PMID: 28063929 CHIP directly regulates the stability of CD166 protein through the ubiquitin proteasome system. PMID: 28279658 ALCAM is overexpressed on the surface of Human T-lymphotropic virus type 1-infected lymphocytes, both in chronically infected cell lines and in primary infected CD4(+) T lymphocytes. PMID: 27252538 ALCAM is upregulated in pancreatic stellate cells of pancreatic cancer tissues, suggesting a potential role of ALCAM in regulating pancreatic cancer cell-pancreatic stellate cells interactions. PMID: 27573419 PRMT1 is overexpressed in human melanoma, and may regulate tumor growth and metastasis via targeting ALCAM. PMID: 27175582 SFMSCs increased through upregulation of the activated lymphocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM) and N-cadherin by microRNA-192 and -218 downregulation, similar to BMMSCs and ADMSCs. PMID: 28039611 Analysis of KRAS mutation combined with immunohistochemical expression of CD44 and CD166 identified subgroups of patients with colon adenocarcinoma at higher risk of lymph node involvement by the tumor and development of liver and lung metastasis. PMID: 27062566 Weak ALCAM expression was significantly correlated with established markers for poor prognosis, as well as shorter RFS and OS. ALCAM might be considered as a prognostic marker for infantile neuroblastoma PMID: 27466504 CD166 antigen is specifically expressed on corneal endothelial cells. PMID: 26902886 Prognostic Significance of CD44v6, CD133, CD166, and ALDH1 Expression in Small Intestinal Adenocarcinoma. PMID: 25710579 The binding sites on CD6 and CD166 have been characterized to show that a SNP in CD6 causes glycosylation that hinders the CD6/CD166 interaction. PMID: 26146185 a model that CD166 regulates MCAM through a signaling flow from activation of PI3K/AKT and c-Raf/MEK/ERK signaling to the inhibition of potential MCAM ubiquitin E3 ligases, betaTrCP and Smurf1 PMID: 26004137 High ALCAM expression in melanoma cells of the primary tumor may indicate a more invasive phenotype. Low expression of ALCAM in regional lymph node metastases is a feature associated with unfavorable prognosis in patients with cutaneous melanoma. PMID: 26134500 High ALCAM expression is associated with Invasive Cholangiocarcinoma. PMID: 25987048 The Serum CD166 is a novel diagnostic tumor marker for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PMID: 25562819 Overexpression of activated leukocute cell adhesion molecule in gastric cancer is associated with advanced stages and poor prognosis and miR-9 deregulation PMID: 25395097 Differentially expressed/regulated cancer-related genes upon miR-125b expression along with the significant increase of ALCAM PMID: 25539763 Low expression of ALCAM at sites of cell-cell contact in primary breast cancer tumors regardless of differentiation, size and lymph node involvement may contribute to the more aggressive phenotype of breast cancer among African-American women. PMID: 25255861 an overexpression of CD166 was detected in the benign and malignant salivary gland tumors and its expression in the malignant tumor was associated with the aggressive behavior and tumor progression. PMID: 25472586 ALCAM is generally expressed in normal and cancerous breast epithelium and that a marked reduction of ALCAM expression characterizes a subset of breast cancer patients with adverse tumor characteristics and unfavorable clinical outcome. PMID: 25270339 Authors propose a framework for how ALCAMs contribute to DC-T-cell adhesion, stabilize DC-T-cell contacts and form a mechanical link between CD6 and the actin cortex to strengthen cell adhesion at the immunological synapse. PMID: 24496453 CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes selectively transmigrated across our BBB model as a result of their increased JAM-A and ALCAM expression. PMID: 25420915 miR126-5p is a functional, endothelial-enriched microRNA that participates in the control of leucocyte trafficking by regulating the expression of ALCAM and SetD5. PMID: 24562769 Migration of CD166 positive progenitor cells to sites of cartilage damage may be directed by regulation of DCC/CREB signaling. PMID: 24966904 The expression of CD166 using immunohistochemistry in a large cohort of non-small cell lung cancer patients , was evaluated. PMID: 24501004 These show high p21 and CD166 expression at the pretreatment biopsy were associated with tumor regression and poor prognosis in patients treated with 5-FU based chemoradiotherapy PMID: 24708484 High ALCAM expression is associated with brain metastasis. PMID: 24311639 An antibody drug conjugate was generated recognizing the CD166 antigen which was found to be strongly up-regulated in all AML cell lines and AML blasts of some patients PMID: 24487095 CD166 affected-CD44 expression is dependent of transcription via blocking NF-kappaB pathway. On the contrary, CD44 promoted up-regulation of CD166 mRNA and protein. PMID: 25094049 By directly targeting the Rho GDP dissociation inhibitor alpha (RhoGDI1) and activated leukocyte cell adhesion molecule (ALCAM). PMID: 24710410 ALCAM stably interacts with actin by binding to syntenin-1 and ezrin. PMID: 24662291 this work summarizes a novel link between CD166 and YAP, explores the interplay among related important signaling pathways, and may lead to more effective therapeutic strategies for liver cancer. PMID: 24482231 Patients whose head and neck squamous cell carcinoma tumors expressed high levels of CD166 had a significantly poorer clinical outcome than those whose tumors expressed low levels of CD166. PMID: 23903875 ALCAM expression and shedding is elevated in response to TGF-beta signaling. PMID: 24385212 The entry of HIV infected and uninfected CD14(+)CD16(+) monocytes into the brain was facilitated by significantly increased surface JAM-A, ALCAM, CD99, and PECAM-1, as compared to CD14(+) cells that are CD16 negative. PMID: 23922698 Data indicate that arylsulfonamide inhibited ADAM-17 with selectivity, and maintained inhibitory properties on sALCAM shedding. PMID: 24044434 CD166 expression indicate advanced tumor load category and node-positive status in colorectal cancer specifically. [Meta-analysis] PMID: 23940674 Loss of E-cadherin and beta-catenin with cytoplasmic ALCAM accumulation may play pivotal role in oral cancer development and progression. PMID: 23840677 ALCAM can be taken forward for analysis in sera of patients with thyroid carcinoma to determine its applicability as a minimally invasive serum biomarker for TC aggressiveness and patient disease-free survival. PMID: 23148625 retention of intact ALCAM was associated with improved survival PMID: 23539446

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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