Recombinant Human VEGF165 Protein / Cynomolgus

Collections: Cytokines and growth factors, Growth factors and receptors, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	N/A
Host Species	Human / Cynomolgus
Accession	P15692
Synonym	MVCD1, VEGF, VEGF165, VPF
Background	Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), also known as vascular permeability factor (VPF) and VEGF-A, is a potent mediator of both angiogenesis and vasculogenesis in the fetus and adult. It is a member of the platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF)/vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) family and often exists as a disulfide-linked homodimer. VEGF-A protein is a glycosylated mitogen that specifically acts on endothelial cells and has various effects, including mediating increased vascular permeability, inducing angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth, promoting cell migration, inhibiting apoptosis and tumor growth. VEGF-A protein is also a vasodilator that increases microvascular permeability, thus it was originally referred to as vascular permeability factor.Immune CheckpointImmunotherapyCancer ImmunotherapyTargeted Therapy
Description	A DNA sequence encoding the human VEGF 165 isoform (P15692-4) (Met1-Arg191) was expressed. Human and Cynomolgus VEGF165 sequences are identical.
Source	Baculovirus-Insect Cells
Predicted N Terminal	Ala 27
AA Sequence	Met1-Arg191
Molecular Weight	The recombinant human VEGF consists of 165 a.a. after removal of the signal peptide and predicts a molecular mass of 19.2 kDa. Due to different glycosylation, the apparent molecular mass of rhVEGF165 is approximately 20 and 22 kDa in SDS-PAGE under reducing conditions, corresponding to the monomer.
Purity	>97% as determined by SDS-PAGE
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity	Measured in a cell proliferation assay using human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC).The ED50 for this effect is typically 3-12 ng/ml.
Formulation	Lyophilized from sterile PBS, pH 7.4.
Stability	The recombinant proteins are stable for up to 1 year from date of receipt at -70°C.
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Store the protein under sterile conditions at -20°C to -80°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Growth factor active in angiogenesis, vasculogenesis and endothelial cell growth. Induces endothelial cell proliferation, promotes cell migration, inhibits apoptosis and induces permeabilization of blood vessels. Binds to the FLT1/VEGFR1 and KDR/VEGFR2 receptors, heparan sulfate and heparin. NRP1/Neuropilin-1 binds isoforms VEGF-165 and VEGF-145. Isoform VEGF165B binds to KDR but does not activate downstream signaling pathways, does not activate angiogenesis and inhibits tumor growth. Binding to NRP1 receptor initiates a signaling pathway needed for motor neuron axon guidance and cell body migration, including for the caudal migration of facial motor neurons from rhombomere 4 to rhombomere 6 during embryonic development.
Subcellular Location	Secreted. Note=VEGF121 is acidic and freely secreted. VEGF165 is more basic, has heparin-binding properties and, although a significant proportion remains cell-associated, most is freely secreted. VEGF189 is very basic, it is cell-associated after secretion and is bound avidly by heparin and the extracellular matrix, although it may be released as a soluble form by heparin, heparinase or plasmin.
Protein Families	PDGF/VEGF growth factor family
Database References	HGNC: 12680 OMIM: 192240 KEGG: hsa:7422 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000361125 UniGene: Hs.73793
Associated Diseases	Microvascular complications of diabetes 1 (MVCD1)
Tissue Specificity	Isoform VEGF189, isoform VEGF165 and isoform VEGF121 are widely expressed. Isoform VEGF206 and isoform VEGF145 are not widely expressed. A higher level expression seen in pituitary tumors as compared to the pituitary gland.

Gene Functions References

These results not only call into question the use of VEGFA alone in bone regeneration, but also highlight the importance in BTE of appropriately formulated combined delivery of VEGFA and BMP2. PMID: 29386057
VEGF and IL-8 play a prominent role in the pathogenesis of early forms of rosacea and the hemostasis system. PMID: 29578433
The Novel Short Isoform of Securin Stimulates the Expression of Cyclin D3 and Angiogenesis Factors VEGFA and FGF2, but Does Not Affect the Expression of MYC Transcription Factor PMID: 29989583
these results show peripheral blood levels of VEGF are significantly increased in colorectal patients PMID: 29924680
Study found that VEGF-A expression in the epidermis associated to the mechanism of facial reddened skin. PMID: 28677138
Quantitative analysis of VEGF-121 isoform in the plasma of patients with recurrent glioblastoma could be a promising predictor of response to anti-angiogenetic treatment. PMID: 29747600
Study evaluated for the first time the plasma levels and the diagnostic usefulness of VEGF, MMP-9, and TIMP-1 in cervical cancer (CC), not only independently but especially in combination with established cervical tumor markers. All tested parameters showed statistical significance when compared their concentrations in patients with CC to healthy women. PMID: 30037277
Results showed that VEGF expression level was upregulated in gallbladder cancer (GBC) tissues and cell lines under a hypoxic condition. PMID: 30272364
these results indicate that sFlt-1 up-regulation by VEGF may be mediated by the VEGF/Flt-1 and/or VEGF/KDR signaling pathways. PMID: 29497919
lncRNA TDRG1 may promote endometrial carcinoma cell proliferation and invasion by positively targeting VEGF-A and modulating relative genes. PMID: 29920344
The data of this study indicated that the L-VEGF144 protein is not only a novel nucleolus protein but is likely to act as a mitogen to induce the proliferation of cancer cells. PMID: 29909500
Study shows that vascular endothelial growth factor A stimulates STAT3 activity via nitrosylation of myocardin to regulate the expression of vascular smooth muscle cell differentiation markers. PMID: 28572685
There is no association between the studied VEGF-A single nucleotide variations and the responses to intravitreal ranibizumab therapy in diabetic macular edema. However, the VEGF-A rs833069 gene polymorphism has a clear association with the severity of diabetic retinopathy. PMID: 29030794
None of the investigated VEGF-A gene polymorphisms was found to be an independent prognostic marker for infantile hemangioma. However, there is evidence that individuals carrying at least one G allele of +405 G/C VEGF-A polymorphism have significantly lower risk of IH. PMID: 29984822
This study showed that CIC haplotype of VEGF gene may be important risk factor for urothelial bladder cancer development in Tunisia. PMID: 29959793
FABP5 promotes tumor angiogenesis via activation of the IL6/STAT3/VEGFA signaling pathway in hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 29957468
This study did not identify a different VEGF 936CT genotype profile for patients with CHM who undergo SR versus those who progress to gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. However, the, results do suggest that this polymor- phism may affect susceptibility to complete hydatidiform-mole. Larger groups may improve the results of assessments of the predictive parameters of gestational trophoblastic neoplasia. PMID: 30383950
there may be an association between rs6993770 polymorphism of VEGF and Metabolic Syndrome PMID: 29891039
The data supports the assumption that C9 gene expression may stimulate the expression of inflammatory (NLRP3) and angiogenic growth factors (VEGF) in retinal pigment epithelial cells. PMID: 30090015
DEC2 could upregulate retinal VEGF gene expression through modulation of HIF1alpha levels under hypoxic conditions. PMID: 30250985
High expression of VEGF is associated with Oral Invasive Carcinomas. PMID: 30049191
High VEGF expression is associated with angiogenesis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 30015941
VEGF-A was over-expressed in hypoxic glioblastoma-derived exosomes, which enhance the permeability of a blood-brain barrier in vitro model by interrupting the expression of claudin-5 and occludin. PMID: 29787762
Single CpG methylation appears to enhance VEGF G4 thermostability in a manner dependent on both the CpG methylation site and cation type PMID: 29940278
shear stress was able to induce arterial endothelial differentiation of stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth, and VEGF-DLL4/NotchEphrinB2 signaling was involved in this process. PMID: 30015843
Data indicate that CD147 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation, metastasis, and invasion by modulating matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP-9) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression. PMID: 29901696
Our data demonstrated that the expression of VEGF was significantly related to the tumor incidence, metastasis and prognosis of patients with gastric cancer, which provides new leads to the diagnosis of gastric cancer. PMID: 29914006
High VEGFA expression is associated with increased lymphangiogenesis and lymph node metastasis in prostate adenocarcinoma. PMID: 29544697
VEGF/PKD-1 signaling axis increases angiogenic and arteriogenic gene expression. These studies suggest that the axis may regulate arteriolar differentiation through changing microvascular endothelial cells gene expression. PMID: 29380239
widely stained in sclerosing stromal tumours of the ovary PMID: 29433373
Study shows how vascular endothelial growth factor regulates protein kinase CbetaII (PKCbeta) promoter function in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia cells, stimulating PKCbeta gene transcription via increased association of SP1 and decreased association of STAT3. PMID: 28233872
Our study suggests that VEGF kinetics is a prognostic factor for locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients receiving curative concurrent chemoradiotherapy. For these patients, lower post-treatment VEGF levels and decreasing levels of VEGF during CCRT are significantly associated with better clinical outcomes. PMID: 30126380
These results suggest that DMBT can inhibit CNV by down-regulation of VEGF in retina through Akt/NF-kappaB/HIF-1alpha and ERK/Nrf2/HO-1/HIF-1alpha pathway. DMBT might be a promising lead molecule for anti-CNV and serve as a therapeutic agent to inhibit CNV. PMID: 29446046
the expression of MMIF, HIF-1alpha, and VEGF in the serum and endometrial tissues may be used to assess the stage of endometriosis and the severity of dysmenorrhea. PMID: 30074218
H3K27me3 and VEGF expression are both significantly associated with overall survival of synovial sarcoma, and H3K27me3 is a significant independent prognostic indicator in patients with synovial sarcoma PMID: 29803658
Study showed evidence that the VEGF rs699947 polymorphism was obviously associated with an increased risk of bladder cancer and renal cell carcinoma, particularly in Asian population, while no significant association was observed in overall urologic neoplasms. [review] PMID: 30195633
Low VEGFA expression is associated with Breast Cancer. PMID: 28744693
these findings indicated that miR655 may inhibit epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC)cell proliferation and invasion by repressing VEGF. Thus, the miR655/VEGF pathway could serve as a novel therapeutic target for patients with EOC. PMID: 29845206
The VEGF protein expression in gastric cancer tissues is positively correlated with TNM staging and lymph node metastasis in patients. The preoperative prediction results of MRI are well consistent with postoperative pathological results, and MRI features are correlated with lymph node metastasis in patients, which has an important guiding significance for the diagnosis and treatment of gastric cancer. PMID: 30010108
ADM was an upstream molecule of HIF-1alpha/VEGF and it promoted angiogenesis through upregulating HIF-1alpha/VEGF in epithelial ovarian cancer. PMID: 28091613
The expression of VEGF was negatively correlated with miR1. PMID: 29845255
EDF1 is required for VEGF-induced activation of the transcriptional activity of PPARgamma in HUVEC cells. PMID: 29933613
Studied vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) gene +936T/C single nucleotide polymorphism; found it has no significant correlation with biliary atresia in the Southern Chinese Han population. PMID: 29251369
miR125 targeted and inhibited the expression of VEGF through target sites located in the 3' untranslated region of VEGF mRNA. PMID: 29693153
higher levels of IL-6 and VEGF-A were significantly associated with shorter progression free survival in epithelial ovarian cancer PMID: 29572186
results suggest that PEDF act as a multipotent factor in the skin and the imbalance of PEDF and VEGF may be responsible for the transformation from normal skin to psoriasis. PMID: 29579411
RTPCR analysis revealed that the expression levels of COX2 and VEGF were downregulated following morusin treatment... morusin significantly inhibited the proliferation of the lung cancer cell line A549, and may have affected the invasion and migration of the cells by downregulating the expression of tumor angiogenesisrelated genes. PMID: 29749480
These results suggest that VM formation is increased by EBVLMP1 via VEGF/VEGFR1 signaling and provide additional information to clarify the role of EBVLMP1 in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC)pathophysiology PMID: 29749553
Data suggest that expression of mRNA for ghrelin and VEGFA are up-regulated in endometrium of women with recurrent miscarriage; thus, ghrelin and VEGFA may play roles in pathogenesis of recurrent miscarriage. These case-control studies were conducted with endometrial tissue obtained during secretory phase of menstrual cycle. (VEGFA = vascular endothelial growth factor A) PMID: 29221937
AEG-1 was found to be significantly associated with hypoxia in ovarian cancer by regulating the HIF-1alpha/NF-kappaB/VEGF pathway. PMID: 29770329

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Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

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