Recombinant Mouse Twist-Related Protein 1 (TWIST1) Protein (His-KSI)

Name: Recombinant Mouse Twist-Related Protein 1 (TWIST1) Protein (His-KSI)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-07153P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Twist-Related Protein 1 (TWIST1) Protein (His-KSI) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P26687
Target Symbol	TWIST1
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-KSI
Target Protein Sequence	MMQDVSSSPVSPADDSLSNSEEEPDRQQPASGKRGARKRRSSRRSAGGSAGPGGATGGGIGGGDEPGSPAQGKRGKKSAGGGGGGGAGGGGGGGGGSSSGGGSPQSYEELQTQRVMANVRERQRTQSLNEAFAALRKIIPTLPSDKLSKIQTLKLAARYIDFLYQVLQSDELDSKMASCSYVAHERLSYAFSVWRMEGAWSMSASH
Expression Range	1-206aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	36.5 kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Acts as a transcriptional regulator. Inhibits myogenesis by sequestrating E proteins, inhibiting trans-activation by MEF2, and inhibiting DNA-binding by MYOD1 through physical interaction. This interaction probably involves the basic domains of both proteins. Also represses expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNFA and IL1B. Regulates cranial suture patterning and fusion. Activates transcription as a heterodimer with E proteins. Regulates gene expression differentially, depending on dimer composition. Homodimers induce expression of FGFR2 and POSTN while heterodimers repress FGFR2 and POSTN expression and induce THBS1 expression. Heterodimerization is also required for osteoblast differentiation. Represses the activity of the circadian transcriptional activator: NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1 heterodimer.
Subcellular Location	Nucleus.
Database References	KEGG: mmu:22160 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000040089 UniGene: PMID: 29920276 This study evaluated the role of Twist1 in the expression of other epithelial-mesenchymal transition transcription factors in tumor cells, including tumor progression, intravasation, and metastasis. PMID: 29073077 The authors demonstrate that Twist1 serine (Ser) 42 phosphorylation is required for endothelial-to-mesenchymal transition through TGF-beta-Smad signaling in vitro and in the mouse lung gel implantation system. PMID: 28915063 Overall, hypoxia-induced activation of Twist/miR-214/E-cadherin axis is involved in the EMT of TECs, and anti-miR-214 may be an attractive strategy to ameliorate the progression of renal fibrosis. PMID: 29277613 molecular and cellular processes that regulate dural Cerebral vein development in mammals and describe venous malformations in humans with craniosynostosis and TWIST1 mutations that are recapitulated in mouse models, are reported. PMID: 28844842 Methyltransferase G9A Regulates Osteogenesis via Twist Gene Repression in mice. PMID: 28644763 this study shows that loss of Twist1 in collagen-producing cells leads to increased bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, which is mediated by increased expression of CXCL12 PMID: 28179498 RNF8-promoted Twist ubiquitination is required for Twist localization to the nucleus for subsequent epithelial-mesenchymal transition and cancer stem cells functions, thereby conferring chemoresistance. PMID: 27618486 These results indicate that Twist1 Ser42 phosphorylation contributes to the pathogenesis of bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis through angiopoietin-Tie2 signaling. PMID: 27281171 the mesenchymal properties of the cranial mesoderm are likely to be regulated by a network of TWIST1 targets that influences the extracellular matrix and cell-matrix interactions, and collectively they are required for the morphogenesis of the craniofacial structures. PMID: 27546376 TWIST1 expression promotes developmental angiogenesis by inducing endothelial cell proliferation and migration. PMID: 27245171 There was a possible regulatory link between Twist 1 and PPARgamma in 3T3-L1 mature adipocytes. This regulatory link enhanced the regulation of PPARgamma and may be a functional mechanism of Twist 1 regulation of adipocyte physiology and pathology PMID: 27825360 ur study revealed the dynamic Twist localization within the early stage of embryo. The results are discussed in terms of potential roles of Twist1 in the processes of lineage segregation, hatching, and implantation in post-compaction embryos and in blastocysts. PMID: 27544279 Twist1, a target of canonical Wnt/beta-catenin signaling, also functions to maintain Wnt responsiveness and is a key effector for cranial bone fate selection and dermal condensation. PMID: 26677825 Findings indicate that Twist1 has a novel role in epithelial carcinogenesis by regulating proliferation of keratinocytes, including keratinocyte stem cells during tumor promotion. PMID: 26013710 Data show that administration of MVA-TWIST/TRICOM vaccine induces Twist transcription factor-specific T-cell responses. PMID: 26317648 studies suggested that the Twist1 transcription in GC cells might be regulated through potential cooperation of DNA methylation, histone modification in complex with Sp1 binding to CpG-rich regions within the exon 1 region PMID: 26695186 Study shows that Twist1 plays a pivotal role in the TNF mediated suppression of E-box dependent transactivation of Period genes and Dbp. Thereby Twist1 may provide a link between the immune system and the circadian timing system. PMID: 26361389 Hypoxia models showed the mechanism by which hypoxia promoted Twist1 and Bmi1 expression and led to vasculogenic mimicry formation. PMID: 26202447 Twist1 plays crucial roles in regulating tooth development and it may exert its functions through the FGF signaling pathway PMID: 26487719 Overexpression and cooperation of Bcl-2 and Twist1 is associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition and vasculogenic mimicry formation in hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 26318343 These results indicate that tamoxifen can significantly accelerate Twist1 degradation to suppress cancer cell invasion and metastasis, regardless of the estrogen receptor status. PMID: 25892968 overexpression of Id2 in primary alveolar epithelial cells promotes proliferation by inhibiting a retinoblastoma protein/c-Abl interaction leading to greater c-Abl activity. PMID: 25661109 the levels of twist1 in circulating exosomes from fibrotic mice reflected fibrosis-induced changes in the liver itself PMID: 26229009 Twist-1 regulate hematopoietic stem cell self-renewal and myeloid lineage development PMID: 25100001 Notch1 inhibits chondrogenic differentiation of mesenchymal progenitor cells by binding the Twist1 promoter. PMID: 25596548 Twist1 is required for skin tumor initiation and progression in a gene-dosage-dependent manner. PMID: 25575080 in repeatedly activated murine Th1 cells, Twist1 and T-bet induce expression of microRNA-148a and control the differentiation and function of Th1 cells PMID: 25486906 Findings define Twist1 as a compelling target to deprogram the tumor-supporting features of the cancer microenvironment. PMID: 25368021 Twist 1 is a regulator of adipocyte gene expression although it is not likely to regulate differentiation. PMID: 25128964 DEC2 regulates cellular function by modulating the expression of Twist1 PMID: 25446074 Hyaluronan overproduction allows plastic cancer cell populations to revert to stem cell states via Twist and the TGF-beta-Snail signaling axis. PMID: 25077968 Twist1(+/-) mice have a consistent pattern of craniofacial dysmorphology affecting all major regions of the skull. PMID: 24585549 Twist1 is a key downstream effector of p62 in regulation of cell proliferation and migration PMID: 24927592 TWIST reverses muscle cell differentiation through promoter binding and down-regulation of myogenin. PMID: 24188104 Twist1 induces dramatic transcriptional changes in extracellular compartment and cell-matrix adhesion genes but not in cell-cell adhesion genes. PMID: 24590176 Twist1 is not essential for maintaining an overall healthy condition in young and adult mice and that loss of function facilitates hair growth in adulthood. PMID: 23906809 Twist and miR-34a may regulate the effect of tumor cells. PMID: 24129179 The proto-oncogene TWIST1 is regulated by microRNAs. PMID: 23741524 identify the transcription factor Twist1 as a component of a STAT3-induced feedback loop that controls IL-6 signals by directly repressing Il6ra. PMID: 23935104 dissimilarities between Twist1(+/+) and Twist1(+/-) mice are not limited to a fused coronal suture but include differences in fusion of other sutures PMID: 22903506 These data demonstrate that Twist1 functions in post-migratory neural crest cells to repress pro-neural factors and thereby regulate cell fate determination between ectodermal and mesodermal lineages. PMID: 23555309 haploinsufficiency of TCF12 causes coronal synostosis in humans and that severe bilateral coronal synostosis occurs in mice with 50% of the wild-type dosage of both the Tcf12 and Twist1 genes highlights the key role of TCF12 acting with TWIST1. PMID: 23354436 Findings indicate a role of Twist1 in maintaining the mesenchyme architecture and the progenitor state of the mesoderm, as well as mediating mesoderm-neural crest interactions in craniofacial development. PMID: 23261931 Twist1 contributes to transcriptional transactivation in mesenchymal, but not in pancreatic, cells PMID: 23181698 The findings suggest that Runx2 haploinsufficiency might result in excessive unbound Twist1 that can freely bind to E12 and enhance FGF signaling, thereby promoting the formation of extra teeth. PMID: 22972545 TWIST1 can exert its function by direct DNA binding to activate valve specific gene expression. PMID: 22815831 These findings provide insight into how beta-catenin signaling via Twist1 actively suppresses the formation of cartilage and promotes intramembranous ossification in the skull. PMID: 23095887 PROX1 directly binds to proximal promoter of TWIST1 gene to repress its transcription PMID: 22982861 the suppression of Twist1 to physiological levels is sufficient to cause Kras mutant lung tumors to undergo senescence and lose their neoplastic features PMID: 22654667

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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