Recombinant Mouse Sonic Hedgehog Protein (SHH), Active

Name: Recombinant Mouse Sonic Hedgehog Protein (SHH), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05634P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Sonic Hedgehog Protein (SHH), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	The ED50 as determined by its ability to bind Human BOC in functional ELISA is less than 90 ug/ml.
Uniprotkb	Q62226
Target Symbol	SHH
Synonyms	Shh; Hhg1; Sonic hedgehog protein; SHH; HHG-1; Shh unprocessed N-terminal signaling and C-terminal autoprocessing domains; ShhNC) [Cleaved into: Sonic hedgehog protein N-product; ShhN; Shh N-terminal processed signaling domains; ShhNp; Sonic hedgehog protein 19 kDa product)]
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	Tag-Free
Complete Sequence	CGPGRGFGKRRHPKKLTPLAYKQFIPNVAEKTLGASGRYEGKITRNSERFKELTPNYNPDIIFKDEENTGADRLMTQRCKDKLNALAISVMNQWPGVKLRVTEGWDEDGHHSEESLHYEGRAVDITTSDRDRSKYGMLARLAVEAGFDWVYYESKAHIHCSVKAENSVAAKSGG
Expression Range	25-198aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	19.8 kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered 20 mM PB, 150 mM NaCl, 1 mM DTT, pH 7.4
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	The C-terminal part of the sonic hedgehog protein precursor displays an autoproteolysis and a cholesterol transferase activity. Both activities result in the cleavage of the full-length protein into two parts (ShhN and ShhC) followed by the covalent attachment of a cholesterol moiety to the C-terminal of the newly generated ShhN. Both activities occur in the reticulum endoplasmic. Once cleaved, ShhC is degraded in the endoplasmic reticulum.; The dually lipidated sonic hedgehog protein N-product (ShhNp) is a morphogen which is essential for a variety of patterning events during development. Induces ventral cell fate in the neural tube and somites. Involved in the patterning of the anterior-posterior axis of the developing limb bud. Essential for axon guidance. Binds to the patched (PTCH1) receptor, which functions in association with smoothened (SMO), to activate the transcription of target genes. In the absence of SHH, PTCH1 represses the constitutive signaling activity of SMO.
Subcellular Location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane. Golgi apparatus membrane.; [Sonic hedgehog protein N-product]: Cell membrane; Lipid-anchor.
Protein Families	Hedgehog family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:20423 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000002708 UniGene: PMID: 28547659 show that eliminating mouse MACS1 causes severe defects in laryngeal development, indicating that MACS1-directed Shh signalling is indispensable for respiratory organogenesis PMID: 28155855 Results suggest distinct functions of tuberous sclerosis complex 1 protein (Tsc1) and tuberous sclerosis complex 2 protein (Tsc2) in cellular signaling as the two genes affect ciliary length control and sonic hedgehog protein signaling via different mechanisms. PMID: 29396625 The results of this study indicated that Shh, Sfrp1, and Wnt5a collaborate to direct the pathfinding of descending 5-HT axons in the brainstem. PMID: 29196093 data illustrate that persistent Hh signaling in the palatal epithelium contributes to the etiology and pathogenesis of submucous cleft palate through its interaction with a p63/Irf6-dependent biological regulatory loop and through a p63-induced cell adhesion network. PMID: 29981310 SOX2 functions downstream of HH signaling to regulate lingual epithelium homeostasis. PMID: 29945863 High SHH expression is associated with medulloblastoma formation. PMID: 29378965 Identify SMO-dependent Shh signalling as a specific process for the activation of adventitial fibroblasts and the subsequent proliferation of smooth muscle cells and neointima formation. PMID: 29088375 In the mutant Hammer toe (Hm) genome, a 150-kb noncoding DNA fragment from chromosome 14 is inserted into the region upstream of the Sonic hedgehog (Shh) promoter in chromosome 5. Two different regions are necessary for the syndactyly phenotype of Hm. PMID: 29255029 Data show that Sonic hedgehog (Shh), which encodes a secreted protein signal, is expressed in the sensory neurons, and that experimental ablation of neuronal Shh expression causes loss of taste receptor cells (TRCs). PMID: 29279401 Here by inducing expression of constitutively active Smoothened (SmoM2) or Gli2 (DeltaNGli2) in the adipocyte lineage of postnatal mice, the authors show that targeted activation of Hedgehog signaling suppresses high-fat-diet-induced obesity and improves whole-body glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity. PMID: 29205155 These data suggest a potential novel mechanism in which alterations in SHH variance during evolution may have driven changes in limb patterning and digit length. PMID: 28131983 Epithelial-mesenchymal transition programs promote basal mammary stem cell and tumor-initiating cell stemness by inducing primary ciliogenesis and Hedgehog signaling. PMID: 29158396 the knockdown of Ihh suppressed osteoblast growth and differentiation via a mechanism which may be associated with the TGF-beta/Smad and OPG/RANKL signaling pathways. PMID: 28990069 SHH signaling regulates the direction of cerebellar granule cells division. PMID: 28633908 The authors report here that Sonic Hedgehog (Shh)-Smoothened signaling downregulates Shisa2, which inhibits the glycosylation and cell surface presentation of Frizzled3 in rodent commissural axon growth cones. PMID: 28885142 ESP of fifth-stage larval Angiostrongylus cantonensis stimulates astrocyte activation and IL-1beta and IL-6 production through NF-kappaB and the Shh signaling pathway. PMID: 28950910 results indicate for the first time a possible mechanism involved in the crosstalk between fibroblasts and osteoblasts, as it was possible to observe trophic factors released by fibroblasts interfering decisively in osteoblast metabolism in a Shh-independent manner. PMID: 28578539 Importantly, Scube2 uncouples processing of Shh peptides from their lipid-mediated juxtamembrane positioning, and thereby explains the long-standing conundrum that N-terminally unlipidated Shh shows patterning activity in Scube2-expressing vertebrates PMID: 28778988 Shh signaling requires the coordinated activity of Sulf1 and Sulf2 in order to reach that threshold in the mouse ventral spinal cord PMID: 28490013 SHH-dependent activation of WNT signaling supports regeneration of the cortex following long-term glucocorticoid treatment. PMID: 29211850 by acting upstream of Shh signaling pathway, Barhl2 plays a crucial role in patterning the progenitor domains and establishing the positional identities of progenitor cells in the diencephalon. PMID: 27349434 Gli3 activity in mouse thymic epithelial cells (TECs) promotes positive selection and differentiation from CD4(+) CD8(+) to CD4(+) CD8(-) single-positive (SP4) cells in the fetal thymus and Gli3 represses Shh constitutive deletion of Gli3, and conditional deletion of Gli3 from TECs, reduced differentiation to SP4, whereas conditional deletion of Gli3 from thymocytes did not PMID: 29361554 The present study shows a new role for Maml1 as a component of Shh signaling, which plays a crucial role in both development and tumorigenesis. PMID: 28726779 Sonic Hedgehog Activates Phospholipase A2 to Enhance Smoothened Ciliary Translocation PMID: 28591579 smaller mvShh conjugates resulted in faster wound resolution compared to the unconjugated Shh. This study is the first to show how the wound healing efficacy of multivalent protein-polymer conjugates is sensitive to the polymer MW, and our findings suggest that this parameter could be used to enhance the efficacy of growth factor conjugates. PMID: 28679037 SHH can promote cell growth and cell osteoblastic/cementoblastic differentiation via BMP pathway PMID: 27289556 These studies reveal a postnatal cell population with transient Shh signaling that contributes to oligodendrogenesis during corpus callosum myelination, and gives rise to cells that continue to proliferate in adulthood and contribute to corpus callosum remyelination PMID: 29045809 These results support a model whereby mutations in Cdon and prenatal ethanol exposure increase Septo-optic dysplasia risk through spatiotemporal perturbations in Shh signaling activity. PMID: 27935818 Results report the identification of a novel long-range enhancer for Shh-Shh-brain-enhancer-6 (SBE6)-that is located 100 kb upstream of Shh and that is required for the proper induction of Shh expression during this differentiation program. PMID: 27852806 Hh orchestrates the balance between quiescent and activated NSCs, with important implications for understanding adult neurogenesis under normal homeostatic conditions or during injury. PMID: 27666792 neuroectodermal Shh expression, dorsal/ventral patterning, and amount of proliferation in the ventral neuroectoderm was not changed in Wnt1-Cre;Kif3a(fl/fl) mutants; however, tissue polarity and directional cell division were disrupted. PMID: 28941984 The authors find that cholesterol, an important component of the cell membrane, directly binds to Smoothened and changes its shape so that it can activate Hedgehog signaling components inside cells. PMID: 27705744 Embryonal tumors with multilayered rosettes (ETMRs) are characterized by a parallel activation of Shh and Wnt signaling. Co-activation of these pathways in mouse neural precursors is sufficient to induce ETMR-like tumors in vivo that resemble their human counterparts on the basis of histology and global gene-expression analyses, and that point to apical radial glia cells as the possible tumor cell of origin. PMID: 28892064 reactivating SHH signaling in mutant lungs rescued the tip dilation phenotype and attenuated FGF signaling. Importantly, the reduced SHH signaling activity did not appear to be caused by decreased Shh expression or protein stability; instead, biologically active form of SHH proteins were reduced in both the Ext1 mutant epithelium and surrounding wild type mesenchymal cells. PMID: 28859094 provide compelling evidence that epidermal YAP and Hedgehog/GLI2 signalling undergo positive regulatory interactions in the control of normal epidermal homeostasis and in basal cell carcinoma (BCC) development, which in the large majority of cases is caused by aberrant Hedgehog signalling activity PMID: 28820907 conditional deletion of Shh in the anterior hypothalamus results in a fully penetrant phenotype characterised by a complete arrest of (Rathke's pouch) RP development, with lack of Lhx3/Lhx4 expression in RP epithelium. PMID: 28807898 Shh production and Gli signaling is activated in vivo in lung, enhancing the Th2 response during a murine model of allergic asthma PMID: 28235772 Shh is in part responsible for the dependence of taste cell renewal on gustatory innervation, neurotrophic support of taste buds likely involves a complex set of factors. PMID: 28743797 GPC6 stimulates Hh signaling by binding to Hh and Ptc1 at the cilium and increasing the interaction of the receptor and ligand to promote the growth of developing long bones. PMID: 28696225 Results indicate that the transcription factor Gli3 (Gli3)-mutant fetal liver (FL) had increased sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling resulting in decreased B cell development. PMID: 28533268 Data indicate odd-skipped related protein 1 (Osr1) as a mediator of Hedgehog (HH) signaling during foregut organogenesis. PMID: 28501478 direct targeting of Foxf2 by Shh signaling drives cranial neural crest cell mesenchyme proliferation during upper lip morphogenesis, and disruption of this sequence results in cleft lip. PMID: 28506991 Dicer1 ablation impairs Shh-induced granule neuron precursor proliferation by disrupting the expression of distinct cell cycle regulator genes that are targets of miR-17 approximately 92 cluster members. This study establishes a molecular link between miRNAs and cell cycle progression in the proliferating Granule neuron precursors during normal cerebellar development and may facilitate miRNA application in treating med... PMID: 27600805 Expression of Bmp4 in the ureteric mesenchyme depends on HH signaling and Foxf1, and that exogenous BMP4 rescued cell proliferation and epithelial differentiation in ureters with abrogated HH signaling or FOXF1 function. PMID: 28797033 A model in which SHH signaling plays both positive and negative roles in patterning and organogenesis of the thymus and parathyroids. PMID: 27633995 This suggests an important cross-talk between SHH and WIP1 pathways that accelerates tumorigenesis and supports WIP1 inhibition as a potential treatment strategy for MB. PMID: 27086929 High SHH expression is associated with Medulloblastoma. PMID: 28031228 sonic hedgehog signaling activity influences clonal spatial distribution of thalamic neurons. PMID: 28250409 Both the number of lung CD31-CD45-Sca-1+ cells and the expression levels of the Shh signaling pathway were downregulated in the lung tissues of mice with pulmonary emphysema. These cells and Shh signaling pathway are reactivated during acute adenovirus infection. PMID: 28352167

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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