Recombinant Mouse Gap Junction Alpha-1 Protein (GJA1) Protein (His&Myc)

Name: Recombinant Mouse Gap Junction Alpha-1 Protein (GJA1) Protein (His&Myc)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-04892P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Gap Junction Alpha-1 Protein (GJA1) Protein (His&Myc) is produced by our Baculovirus expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P23242
Target Symbol	GJA1
Synonyms	Gja1; Cxn-43; Gap junction alpha-1 protein; Connexin-43; Cx43; Gap junction 43 kDa heart protein
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	Baculovirus
Tag	N-10His&C-Myc
Target Protein Sequence	FFKGVKDRVKGRSDPYHATTGPLSPSKDCGSPKYAYFNGCSSPTAPLSPMSPPGYKLVTGDRNNSSCRNYNKQASEQNWANYSAEQNRMGQAGSTISNSHAQPFDFPDDSQNAKKVAAGHELQPLAIVDQRPSSRASSRASSRPRPDDLEI
Expression Range	232-382aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	20.3
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Gap junction protein that acts as a regulator of bladder capacity. A gap junction consists of a cluster of closely packed pairs of transmembrane channels, the connexons, through which materials of low MW diffuse from one cell to a neighboring cell. Negative regulator of bladder functional capacity: acts by enhancing intercellular electrical and chemical transmission, thus sensitizing bladder muscles to cholinergic neural stimuli and causing them to contract. May play a role in cell growth inhibition through the regulation of NOV expression and localization. Plays an essential role in gap junction communication in the ventricles.; Connexin 43 is possibly the ATP-induced pore of mouse macrophages.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction, gap junction. Endoplasmic reticulum.
Protein Families	Connexin family, Alpha-type (group II) subfamily
Database References	KEGG: mmu:14609 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000064536 UniGene: PMID: 29361518 Gap junction composed of Cx43 inhibits I-10/cisplatin cell invasion and migration. PMID: 29571253 specific deletion of astroglial Cx43 in APP/PS1 mice improved cognitive dysfunction by decreasing astrogliosis and increasing synaptic function without affecting amyloid plaque formation or the inflammatory response PMID: 30031059 work directly links phosphorylation of Cx43 to astrocytic coupling and apoptosis and ultimately to vascular regeneration in retinal ischemia. This study reveals that targeting Cx43 phosphorylation in astrocytes is a potential direction for the treatment of proliferative retinopathies. PMID: 29891713 Study confirmed the disruption of coupling between radial glia-like cells and astrocytes in the hippocampus of Cx43G138R mice. Proliferative activity and neurogenesis in the dentate gyrus were significantly decreased in the mutant mouse line, indicating that functional Cx43 channels are essential for proper adult neurogenesis. PMID: 28689039 Coxsackievirus B3 infection reduced Cx43 expression by elevating miR-1 level in mouse viral myocarditis. PMID: 30097120 oxytocin, PGE2, and Cx43 are increased in the uterine smooth muscle of pregnant mice with Yimu San (YMS), a Chinese veterinary medicine micro mist PMID: 29119736 our findings suggest that the role of Cx43 in response to H2O2 stress is dependent on the activation of AMPK signaling pathways and regulates ROS production and cell necrosis. PMID: 29279848 The tenotomy mice treated with Cx43 shRNA injection indicated a reduction in total heterotopic ossification (HO) volume at 4 and 8 weeks after injury. PMID: 27849058 The treatment of Salmonella enterica serovar choleraesuis or resveratrol in murine melanoma cells demonstrated the ability of reducing IDO1 production through upregulating Cx43. PMID: 29104473 At 3days after the first tamoxifen injection, Akt1(-/-)/iAkt2 KO hearts showed decreased expression of connexin43 (Cx43) and connexin-interacting protein zonula occludens-1 (ZO-1). Furthermore, Akt1/2 silencing significantly decreased both Cx43 and ZO-1 expression PMID: 29378301 we confirmed that Th1 cell-conditioned medium decreased Cx43 protein levels in mixed glial cell cultures. These findings suggest that Th1 cell-derived IFNg activates microglia to release IL-1b that reduces Cx43 gap junctions in astrocytes. Thus, Th1-dominant inflammatory states disrupt astrocytic intercellular communication and may exacerbate multiple sclerosis. PMID: 27929069 Results suggest that gap junctions are present not only among tanycytes, but also between tanycytes and the axons of hypophysiotropic neurons. Cx43 hemichannels may also facilitate the transport between tanycytes and extracellular fluids, including the cerebrospinal fluid, extracellular space of the median eminence and bloodstream. PMID: 28803831 The most aggressive trans-differentiated (phenotypically epithelial) cell strain, NIH3T3x8x3 acquired metastatic phenotypic changes accompanied ~40% reduction in endogenous or radiation-induced connexin-43 expression/mitochondrial translocation. Parental (NIH3T3) and reverting (NIH3T3x12) strains lacked hyperradiosensitivity and had distinct radiation-induced Cx43 translocation into mitochondria. PMID: 29154903 Cx43 is up-regulated in the dentate gyrus following traumatic brain injury and is expressed on vimentin-positive cells in the subgranular zone. Treatment of cultured cells with alpha-connexin Carboxyl Terminal (alphaCT1) peptide substantially reduced proliferation and increased caspase 3/7 expression on NSPCs in a dose-dependent manner. alphaCT1 exposure also reduced overall expression of Cx43 and phospho (p)-Serine368. PMID: 28648814 the Gja1 gene showed an upregulated profile in the Light and Inflexible ethanol drinkers when compared to the Control group. PMID: 28714806 The mosaic of Cx43/Cx45-puncta along cerebral cortex Bergmann glial processes raises the possibility of differential regulation of coupling between these processes via separate but adjacent Cx43-containing and Cx45-containing gap junctions channels having different permeability and other biophysical properties or may contribute to coupling between Bergmann glia and Purkinje cells. PMID: 28561933 These data demonstrate non-myocytes in the scar are electrically coupled to myocytes, and coupling depends on Cx43 expression. PMID: 27244564 MIF is involved in the pathogenesis of AF, probably by down-regulating the protein and gene expression of Cx43 via ERK1/2 kinase activation PMID: 28429502 The ELF-EMFs did not affect C2C12 myoblast viability or proliferation rate. Conversely, at ELF-EMF intensity in the mT range, the myogenic process was accelerated, through increased expression of MyoD, myogenin, and connexin 43 PMID: 28607928 These findings suggest that the proteolytic cleavage of the CTD under pathological conditions, such as under the activation of metalloproteinases during tissue injury or inflammation, may account for the deleterious effects of Cx43 in cartilage and bone disorders such as osteoarthritis. PMID: 27682878 Neonatal hypothyroidism affects germ cell survival and proliferation in prepubertal P mice via impaired testicular glucose homeostasis and decreased expression of connexin 43. PMID: 28471544 In vivo muCT analysis of cortical bone at age 1 and 3 months confirmed increased thickness in Sost-/-mice, but revealed no cortical abnormalities in single Gja1+/-or Sost+/-mice PMID: 29149200 the presence of the C-terminal domain of Cx43 in osteocytes and other cell types is important to maintain normal structure and mechanical integrity of bone. PMID: 27113527 The astroglial targeted connexin43 gene knocking-out in APPswe/PS1dE9 mice allowed to diminish gliotransmitter release and to alleviate neuronal damages, reducing oxidative stress and neuritic dystrophies in hippocampal neurons associated to plaques. PMID: 27391799 Thus we propose that Cx43 might enhance the activation of Nrf2/ARE pathway by means of inhibiting c-Src activity to hinder the nuclear export of Nrf2, and then reduce expression of FN, ICAM-1 and TGF-b1, ultimately attenuating renal fibrosis in diabetes. PMID: 27840317 Upon the induction of autophagy by dexamethasone (Dex), connexin 43 (Cx43) was internalized into autophagosome/autolysosomes and degraded by autophagy. PMID: 27127181 Disruption of the Cx43/miR21 pathway leads to osteocyte apoptosis and increased osteoclastogenesis with aging. PMID: 28317237 Down-regulation of Cx43 follows increased CELF1 expression in the dilated cardiomyopathy heart. PMID: 28874395 increased expression promotes renal inflammation and glomerular damage PMID: 28667079 weightlessness simulated by using a random position machine promoted the retention of Cx43 in the Golgi apparatus PMID: 26945892 show that knockout of the gap junction subunit connexin 43 in astrocytes throughout the brain causes excessive sleepiness and fragmented wakefulness during the nocturnal active phase. PMID: 28867552 For the first time in astrocytes, we demonstrated that hemichannel activity depends on the intracellular calcium concentration and is associated with D-serine release. Blocking hemichannel activity reduced the LTP of these excitatory synaptic currents triggered by high-frequency stimulation. These observations may be particularly relevant in the PFC, where D-serine and its converting enzyme are highly expressed. PMID: 28821660 These findings imply that enteric glia activation via Cx43 and P2X receptors is a significant modulator of morphine-related inflammation and constipation. PMID: 28280004 Lower expression of connexin43 in vascular cells contributes to impaired vasomotor control in experimental diabetes. PMID: 28674171 Blocking of connexin32 or connexin43 hemichannels decreased serum levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, and reduced acetaminophen-induced liver injury. PMID: 28687253 deletion of connexin 43 (Cx43, also known as GJA1) in astrocytes inhibits OPC proliferation by decreasing matrix glucose levels without impacting on OPC hemichannel properties, a process that also occurs in corpus callosum from acute brain slices. PMID: 27006115 Relative to Gja1(+/-) controls, male Gja1(-/K258Stop) mice have a cortical bone phenotype that is remarkably similar to those reported for deletion of the entire Cx43 gene in osteoblasts. PMID: 28049723 S368 of connexin 43 (also known as GJA1) is phosphorylated on gap junctions and connexosomes, whereas connexin 43 residue S262 is phosphorylated only on some connexosomes. PMID: 28202692 a plaque accretion defect as the primary manifestation of myosin VI loss in Cx43 homeostasis, is reported. PMID: 28096472 Findings demonstrate that spinal cord injury activates astrocyte sigma-1 receptors leading to increases in the expression of the gap junction protein, connexin 43 and astrocyte activation in the lumbar dorsal horn, and ultimately contribute to the induction of bilateral below-level mechanical allodynia. PMID: 27567941 beige adipocytes display an increased cell-to-cell coupling via connexin 43 (Cx43) gap junction channels. PMID: 27626200 the expression of Cx43 is specifically required in lymphatic endothelial cells for normal development of Lymphatic valves. PMID: 27899284 This study showed that Gja1 may act downstream of cAMP-PKA signal to mediate the effects of Acvr1 on the differentiation of uterine stromal cells through targeting Hand2. PMID: 28219934 Results indicate that pre- and peri-implantation development does not require connexin43 (Cx43) and connexin45 (Cx45). PMID: 27172058 no statistically significant difference in connexin43 expression between fetal day 13 mice and adults PMID: 28296544 Cx43 can communicate cylic AMP (cAMP) between cells and, more importantly, that the communicated cAMP is sufficient to impact signal transduction cascades and the expression of key bone effector molecules between interconnected cells. PMID: 27156839 The results identify new protein-protein interactions between AIF-Cx43, ETFB-Cx43 and AIF-ETFB as possible players in the regulation of the mitochondrial redox state. PMID: 26915330 Data show that in the presence of heterogeneous connexin 43 (Cx43) expression, ephaptic coupling can either prevent or promote conduction block (CB) depending on the Cx43 knockout (Cx43KO) content. PMID: 26968493 Insulin is cardioprotective against cryoinjury in diabetic mouse model and that this protection is associated with Cx43 gap junction function and phosphorylation in the mouse heart. PMID: 27034963

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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