Recombinant Mouse Cryptochrome-2 (CRY2) Protein (His&Myc)

Name: Recombinant Mouse Cryptochrome-2 (CRY2) Protein (His&Myc)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-06368P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse Cryptochrome-2 (CRY2) Protein (His&Myc) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q9R194
Target Symbol	CRY2
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-10His&C-Myc
Target Protein Sequence	MAAAAVVAATVPAQSMGADGASSVHWFRKGLRLHDNPALLAAVRGARCVRCVYILDPWFAASSSVGINRWRFLLQSLEDLDTSLRKLNSRLFVVRGQPADVFPRLFKEWGVTRLTFEYDSEPFGKERDAAIMKMAKEAGVEVVTENSHTLYDLDRIIELNGQKPPLTYKRFQALISRMELPKKPAVAVSSQQMESCRAEIQENHDDTYGVPSLEELGFPTEGLGPAVWQGGETEALARLDKHLERKAWVANYERPRMNANSLLASPTGLSPYLRFGCLSCRLFYYRLWDLYKKVKRNSTPPLSLFGQLLWREFFYTAATNNPRFDRMEGNPICIQIPWDRNPEALAKWAEGKTGFPWIDAIMTQLRQEGWIHHLARHAVACFLTRGDLWVSWESGVRVFDELLLDADFSVNAGSWMWLSCSAFFQQFFHCYCPVGFGRRTDPSGDYIRRYLPKLKGFPSRYIYEPWNAPESVQKAAKCIIGVDYPRPIVNHAETSRLNIERMKQIYQQLSRYRGLCLLASVPSCVEDLSHPVAEPGSSQAGSISNTGPRALSSGPASPKRKLEAAEEPPGEELTKRARVTEMPTQEPASKDS
Expression Range	1-592aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	74.3 kDa
Research Area	Cardiovascular
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Transcriptional repressor which forms a core component of the circadian clock. The circadian clock, an internal time-keeping system, regulates various physiological processes through the generation of approximately 24 hour circadian rhythms in gene expression, which are translated into rhythms in metabolism and behavior. It is derived from the Latin roots 'circa' (about) and 'diem' (day) and acts as an important regulator of a wide array of physiological functions including metabolism, sleep, body temperature, blood pressure, endocrine, immune, cardiovascular, and renal function. Consists of two major components: the central clock, residing in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) of the brain, and the peripheral clocks that are present in nearly every tissue and organ system. Both the central and peripheral clocks can be reset by environmental cues, also known as Zeitgebers (German for 'timegivers'). The predominant Zeitgeber for the central clock is light, which is sensed by retina and signals directly to the SCN. The central clock entrains the peripheral clocks through neuronal and hormonal signals, body temperature and feeding-related cues, aligning all clocks with the external light/dark cycle. Circadian rhythms allow an organism to achieve temporal homeostasis with its environment at the molecular level by regulating gene expression to create a peak of protein expression once every 24 hours to control when a particular physiological process is most active with respect to the solar day. Transcription and translation of core clock components (CLOCK, NPAS2, ARNTL/BMAL1, ARNTL2/BMAL2, PER1, PER2, PER3, CRY1 and CRY2) plays a critical role in rhythm generation, whereas delays imposed by post-translational modifications (PTMs) are important for determining the period (tau) of the rhythms (tau refers to the period of a rhythm and is the length, in time, of one complete cycle). A diurnal rhythm is synchronized with the day/night cycle, while the ultradian and infradian rhythms have a period shorter and longer than 24 hours, respectively. Disruptions in the circadian rhythms contribute to the pathology of cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic syndromes and aging. A transcription/translation feedback loop (TTFL) forms the core of the molecular circadian clock mechanism. Transcription factors, CLOCK or NPAS2 and ARNTL/BMAL1 or ARNTL2/BMAL2, form the positive limb of the feedback loop, act in the form of a heterodimer and activate the transcription of core clock genes and clock-controlled genes (involved in key metabolic processes), harboring E-box elements (5'-CACGTG-3') within their promoters. The core clock genes: PER1/2/3 and CRY1/2 which are transcriptional repressors form the negative limb of the feedback loop and interact with the CLOCK\|NPAS2-ARNTL/BMAL1\|ARNTL2/BMAL2 heterodimer inhibiting its activity and thereby negatively regulating their own expression. This heterodimer also activates nuclear receptors NR1D1/2 and RORA/B/G, which form a second feedback loop and which activate and repress ARNTL/BMAL1 transcription, respectively. CRY1 and CRY2 have redundant functions but also differential and selective contributions at least in defining the pace of the SCN circadian clock and its circadian transcriptional outputs. Less potent transcriptional repressor in cerebellum and liver than CRY1, though less effective in lengthening the period of the SCN oscillator. Seems to play a critical role in tuning SCN circadian period by opposing the action of CRY1. With CRY1, dispensable for circadian rhythm generation but necessary for the development of intercellular networks for rhythm synchrony. May mediate circadian regulation of cAMP signaling and gluconeogenesis by blocking glucagon-mediated increases in intracellular cAMP concentrations and in CREB1 phosphorylation. Besides its role in the maintenance of the circadian clock, is also involved in the regulation of other processes. Plays a key role in glucose and lipid metabolism modulation, in part, through the transcriptional regulation of genes involved in these pathways, such as LEP or ACSL4. Represses glucocorticoid receptor NR3C1/GR-induced transcriptional activity by binding to glucocorticoid response elements (GREs). Represses the CLOCK-ARNTL/BMAL1 induced transcription of BHLHE40/DEC1 and NAMPT. Represses PPARD and its target genes in the skeletal muscle and limits exercise capacity. Represses the transcriptional activity of NR1I2.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus.
Protein Families	DNA photolyase class-1 family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:12953 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000088047 UniGene: PMID: 27840026 Cry2 exerts a critical role in the control of depression-related emotional states and modulates the chronobiological gene expression profile in the mouse amygdala. PMID: 25820768 Data show that the intermolecular zinc finger is important for period circadian protein (PER2)-cryptochrome 2 (CRY2) complex formation. PMID: 25127877 Report compression of daily activity time in Cry2 mutant mice. PMID: 24527953 Data show that Ser557 phosphorylation of CRY2 promotes CRY2 degradation and inhibits the overaccumulation of the CRY2-PER2 complex in the nucleus. PMID: 25288642 Demonstrate opposing actions for Cry2 and Per1 on Per1 target genes, supporting the potential Cry2-Clock/Bmal1-dependent mechanism underlying Per1 action in the liver and kidney. PMID: 23824961 Cry2 knockout mice are susceptible to diet-induced obesity. PMID: 23531614 In both CRY2 and CRY1-deficient backgrounds, circadian rhythms of wheel-running and suprachiasmatic nucleus show increased period length. PMID: 23616524 the levels of CAVIN-3 inversely correlated with those of PER2 and CRY2, and CAVIN-3 might thus regulate both the abundance and the stability of PER:CRY complexes PMID: 23079727 crystal structures of mammalian CRY2 in its apo, FAD-bound and FBXL3-SKP1-complexed forms PMID: 23503662 Results identify mCRY2 amino acid residues that interact with the mPER2 binding region and suggest the potential for rational drug design to inhibit CRYs for specific therapeutic approaches. PMID: 20840750 Study indicates that Cry2 and Per2 affect distinct pathways in the regulation of bone volume with Cry2 influencing mostly the osteoclastic cellular component of bone and Per2 acting on osteoblast parameters. PMID: 20634945 Results suggest that DYRK1A is a novel clock component cooperating with GSK-3beta and governs the Ser557 phosphorylation-triggered degradation of CRY2. PMID: 20123978 A novel regulatory crosstalk between circadian clock gene Cry2 and proinflammatory cytokine tumor necrosis factor-alpha is demonstrated in mouse models of experimental arthritis. PMID: 20042581 Cryptochrome 2-deficient mice lack circadian electrical activity in the suprachiasmatic nuclei PMID: 12121621 complexes consisting of different combinations of mPER and mCRY proteins are not redundant in vivo and have different potentials in transcriptional regulation in the system of autoregulatory feedback loops driving the circadian clock PMID: 12782655 Serine phosphorylation of CRY2 by mitogen-activated protein kinase. PMID: 15298678 Results suggest that the importin alpha/beta system is involved in nuclear entry of mammalian clock components Cry2 and Per2, which is indispensable to transcriptional oscillation of clock genes. PMID: 15689618 Circadian regulation of CRY2 phosphorylation contributes to rhythmic degradation of CRY2 protein. PMID: 15980066 In melatonin-proficient mice (C3H) adrenal cortex & medulla had day/night variation in CRY2. In melatonin-deficient C57BL mice this pattern was observed in adrenal medulla, but adrenal cortex CRY2 levels did not change & were lower than in C3H mice. PMID: 16313500 daily fluctuation of the Ser557-phosphorylation level in the SCN region suggests an important role of sequential phosphorylation of Ser557 and Ser553 in the rhythmic degradation of mCRY2 in both central and peripheral clocks of mice PMID: 16687286 melatonin influences CRY2 protein levels via post-transcriptional mechanisms PMID: 17198542 with increasing illumination, rhythmicity is reduced in Cry2 deficient mice PMID: 18057941

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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