Recombinant Mouse CCL2 Protein

Name: Recombinant Mouse CCL2 Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1954NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1954NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: Antibody / cell therapy targets, Antibody therapeutic / adc target proteins, Buy cytokines, chemokines, and growth factors for research online, Chemokines and receptors – essential regulators of immune response, High-quality cytokines for advanced research, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse C-C Motif Chemokine 2 is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Gln24-Arg96 is expressed.
Accession	P10148
Synonym	C-C motif chemokine 2; Monocyte chemoattractant protein 1; Monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MCP-1;Platelet-derived growth factor-inducible protein JE; Small-inducible cytokine A2; Ccl2; Je; Mcp1; Scya2
Gene Background	C-C motif chemokine 2 (CCL2) is a member of the C-C or β chemokine family. Mouse CCL2 shares 82% amino acid (aa) identity with rat CCL2 over the entire sequence, and 58%, 56%, 55%, 53% and 53% aa identity with human, equine, porcine, bovine and canine CCL2, respectively. Fibroblasts, glioma cells, smooth muscle cells, endothelial cells, lymphocytes and mononuclear phagocytes can produce CCL2 either constitutively or upon mitogenic stimulation, but monocytes and macrophages appear to be the major source. In addition to its chemotactic activity, CCL2 induces enzyme and cytokine release by monocytes, NK cells and lymphocytes, and histamine release by basophils that express its receptor, CCR2. Additionally, it promotes Th2 polarization in CD4+ T cells. CCL2-mediated recruitment of monocytes to sites of inflammation is proposed to play a role in the pathology of atherosclerosis, multiple sclerosis and allergic asthma.
Molecular Mass	8.5 KDa
Apmol Mass	12 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.001 ng/µg (0.01 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Acts as a ligand for C-C chemokine receptor CCR2. Signals through binding and activation of CCR2 and induces a strong chemotactic response and mobilization of intracellular calcium ions. Exhibits a chemotactic activity for monocytes and basophils but not neutrophils or eosinophils. Plays an important role in mediating peripheral nerve injury-induced neuropathic pain. Increases NMDA-mediated synaptic transmission in both dopamine D1 and D2 receptor-containing neurons, which may be caused by MAPK/ERK-dependent phosphorylation of GRIN2B/NMDAR2B.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine beta (chemokine CC) family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:20296 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000000193 UniGene: PMID: 29379059 CCL2 played important roles in regulating platelet function and arterial thrombosis through the PKCalpha-P38MAPK-HSP27 pathway. PMID: 29864522 these results suggested that the IL-1beta-induced recruitment of monocyte/macrophage lineage cells to inflamed synovial membranes in TMJ was further augmented by the cell-cell interaction-induced secretion of MCP-1 from the inflammation site, possibly resulting in prolonged inflammatory responses in TMJ synovial tissue. PMID: 29535277 NOX4 is induced in early alcoholic liver injury and regulates CCR2/CCL2 mRNA stability thereby promoting recruitment of inflammatory cells and production of proinflammatory cytokines. PMID: 28383062 Ccl2-Ccr2 signaling recruits a distinct fetal microchimeric population that rescues delayed maternal wound healing. PMID: 28516946 itration reduced the potential of CCL2 to stimulate monocyte migration in diffusion gradient chemotaxis assays (p < 0.05). This was consistent with a trend towards reduced affinity of the nitrated chemokine for its cognate receptor CCR2b. PMID: 28290520 CCL2 enables the prolonged Mesenchymal stem cells-T cell interactions needed for sufficient suppression of autoreactive T cells PMID: 28117437 The data highlight Klf4 as an essential MCPIP1-dependent modulator of innate immunity that protects against excessive and self-destructive inflammation. PMID: 29975947 a novel mechanism that contributes to the EMT and metastatic phenotype observed in a subset of ADT-resistant prostate cancer, where the CCL2 is stimulated through the inactivated of AR-mediated SPDEF. PMID: 29477409 Macrophage subtypes enhanced the osteogenesis in transwell setting and the transition from M1 to M2 was associated with an increase in bone anabolic factors CCL2/MCP-1, CCL5/RANTES and IGF-1 in vitro. PMID: 28782174 Axotomy Leads to Reduced Calcium Increase and Earlier Termination of CCL2 Release in Spinal Motoneurons. PMID: 28017131 Our results showed that MIF regulates MCP-1 expression in hepatocytes of injured liver via CD74, CD44, and p38 MAPK in an autocrine manner. PMID: 27273604 these studies identify a novel role for the microbiota in shaping immunity, which includes induction of CCL2 levels that control homeostatic trafficking of plasmacytoid dendritic cells PMID: 27827374 These studies show that elevated levels of CCL2 in the CNS through increased astrocyte expression can significantly interact with the behavioral effects of alcohol. PMID: 28431906 Topical application of glycolic acid suppresses the UVB induced IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1 and COX-2 inflammation by modulating NF-kappaB signaling pathway in mouse skin. PMID: 28330776 Study demonstrated that CD36 deletion regulated MCP-1 expression at the transcriptional level by changing the acetylation of histones binding to the MCP-1 promoters in hepatocytes, promoting macrophage migration to the liver, and aggravating hepatic inflammatory response and fibrosis. PMID: 27967209 Despite higher caloric intake and elevated body weights, carbohydrate restriction lowered serum MCP-1 levels, reduced prostate macrophage infiltration, reduced prostate weight, but failed to slow adenocarcinoma development. PMID: 28244492 Data indicate that ASC-J9(R) can suppress CD4+ T cell migration via decreasing the cytokine CCL2 in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 27564257 PDAC responds to radiotherapy by producing CCL2, which recruits Ly6C(+)CCR2(+) monocytes to support tumor proliferation and neovascularization after radiotherapy. PMID: 27354473 Chemokine receptor 2 (CCR2(+)) monocytes invade the hippocampus between 1 and 3 d after SE. In contrast, only an occasional CD3(+) T lymphocyte was encountered 3 d after SE. The initial cellular sources of the chemokine CCL2, a ligand for CCR2, included perivascular macrophages and microglia. The induction of the proinflammatory cytokine IL-1beta was greater in FACS-isolated microglia than in brain-invading monocytes PMID: 27601660 data suggest that MCP-1 may be a necessary component of the inflammatory response required for adipose tissue protection, remodeling and healthy expansion in the FVB/N strain in response to high-fat diet feedings PMID: 26620890 MCP-1 knockout mice exposed for voluntary wheel running displayed changes in brain cytokine expression and glial activation. PMID: 28088610 Carvedilol treatment also significantly reduced the levels of proinflammatory cytokines tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-6, transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 in the lung tissue. PMID: 27619518 High dilutions of antimony modulate cytokines production and macrophage - Leishmania (L.) amazonensis interaction in vitro.( PMID: 28092793 Both IL-6 protein production and transcript levels were downregulated by RA in respiratory tract epithelial cells (LETs) , but upregulated in macrophages (MACs). RA also increased transcript levels of MCP-1, GMCSF, and IL-10 in MACs, but not in LETs. Conversely, when LETs, but not MACs, were exposed to RA PMID: 27940088 FSAP deficiency causes an increase in CCL2 expression and CCL2-mediated infiltration of leukocytes into the injured vessel PMID: 27431088 miR-33 suppresses CCL2 expression via targeting at the 3'UTR. The miR-33/CCL2 axis in chondrocytes regulates the monocyte chemotaxis. PMID: 27129293 Sca-1(+) progenitor cells found to exhibit increased migration was associated with elevated levels of chemokines, CCL2 (chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2) and CXCL1 (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 1), and their corresponding receptors. PMID: 27300479 that MCP-1 inhibition restores glomerular endothelial glycocalyx and barrier function and reduces tissue inflammation in the presence of ongoing diabetic injury PMID: 28837800 In LLC-bearing mice, the high-fat diet increased and MCP-1 deficiency decreased plasma TRAP 5b; neither the high-fat diet nor MCP-1 deficiency resulted in significant changes in plasma concentration of osteocalcin. PMID: 28177896 Grooved surfaces showed time-dependent increase in soluble mediators involved in cell fusion, CCL2 and MMP-9 PMID: 27102570 In this study, the effect of continuous IL-4 delivery or bioactive implant coating that constitutively releases a protein inhibitor of CCL2 signaling (7ND) on particle induced osteolysis were studied in the murine continuous femoral intramedullary particle infusion model PMID: 27114284 Blockade of MCP-1 activity significantly reduced inflammatory pleural effusion formation in a CAR model PMID: 27878909 CCL2 recruits T cells into the brain in a CCR2-independent manner. PMID: 28836736 Expression of MCP-1 induced by IL-17 requires NF-kappaB through the phosphorylation of p65 in cardiac myocytes. PMID: 28593659 this study demonstrates that killed probiotics can reduce viral disease severity and identify that the MCP-1 pathway might act as a key mediator in the improved antiviral immune response PMID: 27072606 tumor-promoting role for CCL2 acting through CCR2 on the tumor microenvironment PMID: 27820834 type I interferons, besides their known antiviral properties, can initiate the recruitment and activation of leukocytes via induction of chemokine expression including CCL2. PMID: 26992431 In cultured macrophages, LPS-induced expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP)-1 was suppressed by NaN3 through inhibition of STAT1 and IkappaBzeta activities. PMID: 28391993 study concludes that CCL2 signaling onto melanin-concentrating hormone neurons represents a core mechanism that relays peripheral inflammation to sickness behavior PMID: 27733491 The increased migratory phenotypes are dependent on secreted factors, including the cytokine interleukin-6 and the chemokine CCL2. We propose that Delta122p53 (and Delta133p53) acts in a similar manner to 'gain-of-function' mutant p53 proteins to promote migration, invasion and metastasis, which may contribute to poor survival in patients with Delta133p53-expressing tumours PMID: 26996665 CCL5 paradoxically limits macrophage accumulation in the injured kidney during renin angiotensin system (RAS) activation by constraining the proinflammatory actions of CCL2. PMID: 27640148 This study establishes ECL1i as the first allosteric inhibitor of CCR2 with functional selectivity. PMID: 26979087 Constitutive expression of CCL2 by the mouse mammary epithelium induces a state of low level chronic inflammation that increases stromal density and elevates cancer risk. We propose that CCL2-driven inflammation contributes to the increased risk of breast cancer observed in women with high mammographic density. PMID: 28077158 the individual and combined actions of CCL2/CCR2 and CX3CL1/CX3CR1 in hypoxia-induced pulmonary hypertension in mice, is reported. PMID: 28125278 CCL2 acting at the suprachiasmatic nuclei level is important for the circadian effects of immune activation. PMID: 27178133 FAP-STAT3-CCL2 signaling in Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAF) was sufficient to program an inflammatory component of the tumor microenvironment, which may have particular significance in desmoplasia-associated cancers. PMID: 27216177 Macrophages induce neural stem cells migrating into the spinal cord injury site possibly through promoting the secretion of MCP-1. PMID: 27609570 this study shows that CCL2 supports the classical activation of macrophages, with miR-9 mediated down-regulation of Dusp6 and enhanced ERK-mediated signal transduction possibly mediating this enhanced pro-inflammatory gene expression PMID: 28242024 macrophage-specific chemokine (C-C Motif) receptor 2 (Ccr2) knockout (M-Ccr2KO) and intestinal epithelial cell-specific tamoxifen-inducible Ccl2 knockout (Vil-Ccl2KO) mice, were studied. PMID: 27508875

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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