Recombinant Mouse C-X-C Motif Chemokine 16 (CXCL16) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Mouse C-X-C Motif Chemokine 16 (CXCL16) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-08340P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Mouse C-X-C Motif Chemokine 16 (CXCL16) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q8BSU2
Target Symbol	CXCL16
Synonyms	Cxcl16; SrpsoxC-X-C motif chemokine 16; Scavenger receptor for phosphatidylserine and oxidized low density lipoprotein; SR-PSOX; Small-inducible cytokine B16; Transmembrane chemokine CXCL16
Species	Mus musculus (Mouse)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	NQGSVAGSCSCDRTISSGTQIPQGTLDHIRKYLKAFHRCPFFIRFQLQSKSVCGGSQDQWVRELVDCFERKECGTGHGKSFHHQKHLPQASTQTPEAAEGTPSDTSTPAHSQSTQHSTLPSGALSLNKEHTQPWEMTTLPSGYGLEARPEAEANEKQQDDRQQEAPGAGAST
Expression Range	27-198aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	22.7kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Induces a strong chemotactic response. Induces calcium mobilization. Binds to CXCR6/Bonzo. Also acts as a scavenger receptor on macrophages, which specifically binds to OxLDL (oxidized low density lipoprotein), suggesting that it may be involved in pathophysiology such as atherogenesis.
Subcellular Location	Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.
Protein Families	Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family
Database References	KEGG: mmu:66102 STRING: 10090.ENSMUSP00000019064 UniGene: PMID: 30015963 Inflammation accelerates renal tubulointerstitial lesions in mouse model of diabetic nephropathy by increasing the activity of CXCL16 pathway. PMID: 29620052 CXCL16 increases the frequency of the miniature excitatory synaptic currents (mEPSCs) and reduces the PPR of evoked excitatory transmission, indicating that the chemokine also modulates and enhances the release of glutamate. PMID: 27721466 results indicate that CXCL16 plays a key role in the pathogenesis of renal injury and fibrosis in salt-sensitive hypertension through regulation of bone marrow-derived fibroblast accumulation and macrophage and T cell infiltration. PMID: 27353044 Data indicate that chemokine C-X-C ligand 16 (CXCL16) is a critical regulator of liver immune response to acetaminophen (APAP)-induced hepatotoxicity, suggesting a potential strategy for the treatment of drug-induced acute liver failure by targeting CXCL16. PMID: 28459937 CXCL16 plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury through regulation of apoptosis and inflammation. PMID: 27191747 These findings suggest that the CXCL16 gene product promotes inflammatory factors and cell infiltration factors, and inhibits the expression of antioxidant factors to accelerate the development of DN, and CXCL16 deficiency attenuates DN may be involved in the AKT signaling pathway. PMID: 28478039 Results indicate that CXCL16 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of renal artery stenosis-induced renal injury and fibrosis through regulation of bone marrow-derived fibroblast accumulation and macrophage and T-cell infiltration. PMID: 27496882 Simvastatin exerts a protective effect on renal function and structure in mice with ADR nephropathy which related to the decreasing expression of CXCL16 in glomerular podocytes followed by the decreasing endocytosis of ox-LDL in podocytes and inhibition of NF-kappaB pathway activation. PMID: 26884839 Serum CXCL16 is increased in severe pancreatitis with infected pancreatic necrosis and identifies patients who benefit from surgical necrosectomy PMID: 25661686 injured hepatocytes up-regulated CXCL16 expression, indicating that scavenging functions of CXCL16 might be additionally involved in the pathogenesis of NAFLD. PMID: 25372401 role of IFN-gamma, CXCL16, and ADAM10 in oxLDL-induced lipid accumulation in glomerular podocytes PMID: 24752304 CXCL16 suppresses liver metastasis of colorectal cancer by promoting TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis by tumor-associated macrophages. PMID: 25495942 CXCL16 was constitutively expressed by CX3CR1(+) intestinal dendritic cells (DCs) and coexpressed with IL-23 after Citrobacter rodentium infection. PMID: 25456160 CXCL16 expression inhibits liver metastasis in a murine model of colorectal cancer. PMID: 23242131 our results indicate that CXCL16 plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of angiotensin II-induced renal injury and fibrosis through regulation of macrophage and T cell infiltration and bone marrow-derived fibroblast accumulation. PMID: 24060897 Renal dendritic cell-derived CXCL16 might attract protective CXCR6(+) iNKT cells. PMID: 23138484 CXCL16 triggers platelet activation and adhesion via CXCR6 phosphatidylinositide 3-kinase/Akt signaling and paracrine activation, suggesting a decisive role for CXCL16 in linking vascular inflammation and thrombo-occlusive diseases. PMID: 22927331 Induction of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis leads to expression of CXCL10 and CXCL16 in immature myeloid cells of draining lymph nodes, in an interferon (IFN)-gamma-dependent manner. PMID: 22287719 regulation of CXCL16, ADAM10 and oxLDL expression may be an early event in the onset of diabetic nephropathy PMID: 19426159 contributes to the pathogenesis of renal fibrosis by recruiting bone marrow-derived fibroblast precursors PMID: 21816936 Data show that CXCL16 becomes much higher in atherosclerosis, and it could be a potential atherogenic biomarker. PMID: 21177121 This study implicates CXCL16 as an additional neutrophil chemoattractant in cerebrospinal fluid in early pneumococcal meningitis. PMID: 20874518 An alternatively spliced CXCL16 isoform expressed by dendritic cells is a secreted chemoattractant for CXCR6+ cells. PMID: 20181724 Overall, our data indicate that up-regulation of CXCL16 is a common response of tumor cells to radiation, and they have important implications for the use of local radiotherapy in combination with immunotherapy. PMID: 20334513 CXCL16 expression is a critical mediator of muscle regeneration PMID: 19893053 SR-PSOX/CXCL16 may be involved in CD8+ T cell recruitment through VLA-4 activation and stimulation of IFN-[gamma] production by CD8+ T cells during inflammatory valvular heart disease. PMID: 14699018 SR-PSOX/CXCL16 plays important roles in EAE by supporting generation of Ag-specific T cells, as well as recruitment of inflammatory mononuclear cells into the CNS. PMID: 15265890 increased IFN-gamma, accompanied by elevation of the scavenger receptor/chemokine CXCL16, was observed in both lesions and spleens after IL18 administration PMID: 15604417 CXCL16, the cell surface ligand for CXCR6, is expressed on sinusoidal endothelial cells, and CXCR6 deficiency resulted in reduced survival in liver natural killer cells. PMID: 15799695 Transmembrane chemokine CXCL16 is expressed in the brain by malignant and inflamed astroglial cells, shed to a soluble form and targets not only activated T cells but also glial cells themselves. PMID: 15934948 CXCL16 plays a unique role in the maintenance of cardiac allograft tolerance mediated by natural killer T cells. PMID: 16081769 CXCL16 is involved in immunological liver injury by regulating T lymphocyte infiltration in liver tissue PMID: 16124049 findings suggest that CXCL16 is an important mediator of lymphocyte-stromal interaction within lymphoid tissues PMID: 16410312 These data suggest that scavenger receptor activity mediated by CXCL16 in vivo is atheroprotective. PMID: 16880330 These results demonstrate a role for CXCL16 in the control of bacterial colonization of target organs and, more specifically, in the regulation of the cell-mediated arm of the primary response to S. enteritidis. PMID: 16982830 CXCL16 is constitutively expressed on the surface of epidermal keratinocytes, released upon cell activation or photodamage and may then target CXCR6-expressing T cells in the dermis PMID: 17363916 SR-PSOX/CXCL16 plays an important role in not only the production of IFN-gamma by NKT cells, but also promotion of Th1-inclined immune responses mediated by NKT cells. PMID: 18056360 Hyperhomocysteinemia up-regulates CXCL16 leading to increased recruitment of CXCR6(+) lymphocytes and scavenging of modified lipids via a potential involvement of a PPAR-gamma-dependent mechanism PMID: 18194461 Data show that the chemokine receptor CXCR6 is highly expressed on glial precursor cells (GPCs) and is induced by its ligand, and that GPCs proliferate and migrate to the sites of CXCL16 production. PMID: 18619850 Ionizing radiation markedly enhanced the secretion by mouse and human breast cancer cells of CXCL16; irradiation increased the migration of CD8(+)CXCR6(+) activated T cells to tumors PMID: 18713980 Report increased production of CXCL16 in experimental heart failure: a possible role in extracellular matrix remodeling. PMID: 19919988

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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