Recombinant Human Vitamin D-Binding Protein (GC) Protein (His-SUMOSTAR)

Name: Recombinant Human Vitamin D-Binding Protein (GC) Protein (His-SUMOSTAR)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03309P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Based on the SEQUEST from database of Yeast host and target protein, the LC-MS/MS Analysis result of this product could indicate that this peptide derived from Yeast-expressed Homo sapiens (Human) GC.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Vitamin D-Binding Protein (GC) Protein (His-SUMOSTAR) is produced by our Yeast expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P02774
Target Symbol	GC
Synonyms	DBP; DBP/GC; GC; Gc globulin; Gc-globulin; GRD3; Group specific component; Group specific component vitamin D binding protein; Group-specific component; hDBP; VDB; VDBG; VDBP; Vitamin D binding alpha globulin; Vitamin D-binding protein; VTDB_HUMAN
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Yeast
Tag	N-6His-SUMOSTAR
Target Protein Sequence	RGRDYEKNKVCKEFSHLGKEDFTSLSLVLYSRKFPSGTFEQVSQLVKEVVSLTEACCAEGADPDCYDTRTSALSAKSCESNSPFPVHPGTAECCTKEGLERKLCMAALKHQPQEFPTYVEPTNDEICEAFRKDPKEYANQFMWEYSTNYGQAPLSLLVSYTKSYLSMVGSCCTSASPTVCFLKERLQLKHLSLLTTLSNRVCSQYAAYGEKKSRLSNLIKLAQKVPTADLEDVLPLAEDITNILSKCCESASEDCMAKELPEHTVKLCDNLSTKNSKFEDCCQEKTAMDVFVCTYFMPAAQLPELPDVELPTNKDVCDPGNTKVMDKYTFELSRRTHLPEVFLSKVLEPTLKSLGECCDVEDSTTCFNAKGPLLKKELSSFIDKGQELCADYSENTFTEYKKKLAERLKAKLPDATPTELAKLVNKHSDFASNCCSINSPPLYCDSEIDAELKNIL
Expression Range	19-474aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	67.0kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Involved in vitamin D transport and storage, scavenging of extracellular G-actin, enhancement of the chemotactic activity of C5 alpha for neutrophils in inflammation and macrophage activation.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	ALB/AFP/VDB family
Database References	HGNC: 4187 OMIM: 139200 KEGG: hsa:2638 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000421725 UniGene: PMID: 29879190 SNPs of the VDR and GC genes are associated with vitamin D deficiency in postmenopausal Mexican women. PMID: 30150596 GC rs7041 genotype modified the effects of pregnancy on maternal and placental vitamin D metabolism. PMID: 29196501 Urinary VDBP correlated with proteinuria and renal SLE disease activity index, and predicted the development of proteinuria in lupus nephritis. PMID: 29958502 Findings implied that VDBP rs7041-G and rs3733359-T variants may contribute to increased susceptibility to HCV infection in a high-risk Chinese population. PMID: 30218750 Polymorphisms of VDBP rs4588 and rs2282679 may play a potentially important role in epilepsy susceptibility. PMID: 29993274 The study findings suggested a possible clinical application of uVDPB as an early and a good marker for the detection of early renal disease in type 2 diabetes mellitus Saudi patients. PMID: 29850609 GC gene variant has no effect on 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels. PMID: 28892641 genetic association study in population in north India: Data suggest (1) GT allele of VDBP SNP rs7041, (2) VDBP allelic combination (GC1F/1F: T allele rs4588; C allele rs7041), and (3) GA allele of CYP2R1 SNP rs2060793 are associated with vitamin D deficiency in women with PCOS (polycystic ovarian syndrome) in population studied. (VDBP = vitamin D-binding protein; CYP2R1 = cytochrome P450 family 2 subfamily R member 1) PMID: 28008453 The A allele of VDBP gene polymorphism might be a potential risk factor for progression of chronic urticarial. PMID: 29165650 The present study indicates an association between VDR and vitamin D binding protein Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms and Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus among Turkish subjects. PMID: 29506625 Survival analyses showed that the vitamin D binding protein C allele was correlated with poor disease-free survival (DFS). PMID: 29409465 These findings showed that racial/ethnic variations in bioavailable vitamin D do not explain the lack of association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D and multiple sclerosis in blacks and Hispanics; and they further challenge the biological plausibility of vitamin D deficiency as causal for MS. PMID: 29414925 We observed associations between VDR, GC, and CYP27B1 variants and maternal 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentration. Our results provide additional support for a possible role of genetic variation in vitamin D metabolism genes on vitamin D status during pregnancy. PMID: 29175129 Data show that vitamin D-binding protein (DBP) is elevated in the CSF of temporal lobe epilepsy patients. PMID: 19109932 In a Turkish Parkinson disease cohort, rs7041 of GC was associated with the PD risk. The homozygous major allele carriers for rs2282679, rs3755967 and rs2298850 of GC gene in PD patients with slower progression had significantly higher levels of serum 25OHD. This is the first study demonstrating GC gene as a risk factor for PD. PMID: 27282160 Vitamin D levels are associated with severity of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis C genotype 1 patients. Although the rs7041 and rs4588 GC polymorphisms are strong predictors of vitamin D levels, they do not play a direct role in liver fibrosis. PMID: 28809744 Vitamin D binding protein polymorphisms were frequently associated to fibrosis grade in chronic hepatitis C suggesting that they could be used as disease evaluation markers to understand the mechanisms underlying the virus-host interaction. PMID: 29465575 Findings indicate that Gc globulin (GC) rs16847024, retinoid X receptor gamma (RXRG) rs17429130 and retinoid X receptor alpha (RXRA) rs4917356 were candidate susceptibility markers for gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in Chinese females. PMID: 27636996 Increased circulating levels of vitamin D binding protein in multiple sclerosis patients. PMID: 25590278 Results show that APOE, DBP and AGT identified were associated with survival outcomes in metastatic colorectal cancer patients treated with chemotherapy and bevacizumab PMID: 25428203 results provide a direct evidence of cross-talk among the structural domains of DBP PMID: 18035050 DBP strictly inhibited the production of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3-induced T cell responses. PMID: 25230725 25(OH)D2 half-life was shorter than 25(OH)D3 half-life, and half-lives were affected by DBP concentration and genotype PMID: 24885631 The interaction between vitamin D status, as measured by circulating 25(OH)D and DBP rs2282679 genotypes, modified the association between 25(OH)D and BMD and bone markers PMID: 25890042 Data suggest that, while low circulating levels of DBP contribute to low circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in patients with PHPT (primary hyperparathyroidism), low DBP alone is not responsible for the hypovitaminosis D observed in these patients; vitamin D metabolism is likely to be generally disturbed in PHPT. [EDITORIAL] PMID: 27858283 the purpose of this investigation was to assess the relative degree of O-linked trisaccharide glycosylation of DBP in breast, colorectal, pancreatic, and prostate cancer patients compared with healthy individuals. PMID: 19642159 Comparison of Two ELISA Methods and Mass Spectrometry for Measurement of Vitamin D-Binding Protein: Implications for the Assessment of Bioavailable Vitamin D Concentrations Across Genotypes. PMID: 27250744 Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the vitamin D binding protein genewere independently associated with lower 25-hydroxy-vitamin Dand higher 24,25-dihydroxy-vitamin D. PMID: 27313313 genetic association studies in a population in Brazil: Data suggest that SNPs in RXRG (rs2134095) and GC (rs7041) are associated with low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and hypercholesterolemia in the population studied; there was no apparent association with an SNP in VDR (rs2228570). (RXRG = retinoid X receptor gamma; GC = vitamin D-binding protein; VDR = vitamin D receptor) PMID: 27721113 The study strongly suggests that there might have an association of vitamin D, and vitamin D-binding protein gene (codon 416 & 420) polymorphisms with the occurrence of type 2 diabetes mellitus PMID: 28888576 Low serum vitamin D-binding protein concentrations are associated with type 1 diabetes. PMID: 27103201 rs7041 polymorphism of Vitamin D Binding Protein does not affect platelet reactivity or the rate of high-residual platelet reactivity among patients receiving dual antiplatelet therapy with clopidogrel or ticagrelor. PMID: 28433569 High VDBG concentration was associated with coronary heart disease events in all racial and ethnic groups. PMID: 28472285 SNPs rs7041 and rs4588 of VDBP are not associated with the levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D nor with the prevalence and extent of CAD. 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels but not VDBP genetic status independently predicted the occurrence of coronary lesions at angiography. PMID: 28779988 Genetic variant in vitamin D-binding protein is associated with metabolic syndrome. PMID: 28278285 Study suggests higher (versus lower) circulating DBP may be independently associated with a decreased prostate cancer risk in black men independent of 25(OH)D status. PMID: 28369777 The data demonstrate a relationship between the diurnal rhythms of 1,25(OH)2D and DBP, possibly to maintain free 1,25(OH)2D concentrations. PMID: 28732681 the interaction between 25(OH)D status and some maternal GC variants influence the birth weight of infants PMID: 28241988 The results of this study suggest that DBP is not involved in the pathogenesis of MS in Italians. PMID: 28284354 This report summerizes current understanding of vitamin D-binding protein, its genetic determinants, and their effect on calcifediol concentrations. (Review) PMID: 27742848 Allelic variations in CYP2R1 and GC affect vitamin D levels, but variant alleles on VDR and DHCR7 were not correlated with vitamin D deficiency. PMID: 26038244 Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism have lower serum VDBP than controls. PMID: 27682354 VDBP polymorphism is associated with vitamin D deficiency. PMID: 27768857 genome-wide association study in population of children/adolescents in Colorado: Data suggest that VDBP is an autoantigen in development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes (T1D) in the population studied; serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are negatively correlated with VDBP-autoantibody levels in patients in whom T1D developed during the winter. [META-ANALYSIS] PMID: 26983959 VDBP rs222020 C > T polymorphisms may be predisposition factors of adolescent idiopathic scoliosis and the efficacy of brace treatment. PMID: 27856225 findings do not support a role of an independent effect of the investigated vitamin D-related gene variants, VDBP and CYP27B1, in the risk of Multiple Sclerosis PMID: 27904983 The polymorphisms in the VDR and VDBP genes appeared to be responsible for host susceptibility to human tuberculosis in a Taiwanese population. PMID: 26869016 No association was observed between GC or VDR polymorphisms and breast cancer risk. associations between vitamin D-related genetic variants and breast cancer were not observed overall, although the relationships between vitamin D pathway polymorphisms and breast cancer may be modified by menopausal status and breast tumour subtype PMID: 26631034 In a Pakistani population, no statistically significant associations between SNPs in VDR, DBP, and CYP2R1 and tuberculosis was demonstrated. PMID: 27160686

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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Recombinant Human Vitamin D-Binding Protein (GC) Protein (His-SUMOSTAR)

Recombinant Human Vitamin D-Binding Protein (GC) Protein (His-SUMOSTAR)

Product Overview

Target Details

FAQs