Recombinant Human Tryptophan 5-Hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Tryptophan 5-Hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05062P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Tryptophan 5-Hydroxylase 2 (TPH2) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q8IWU9
Target Symbol	TPH2
Synonyms	TPH2; NTPH; Tryptophan 5-hydroxylase 2; Neuronal tryptophan hydroxylase; Tryptophan 5-monooxygenase 2
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	MQPAMMMFSSKYWARRGFSLDSAVPEEHQLLGSSTLNKPNSGKNDDKGNKGSSKREAATESGKTAVVFSLKNEVGGLVKALRLFQEKRVNMVHIESRKSRRRSSEVEIFVDCECGKTEFNELIQLLKFQTTIVTLNPPENIWTEEEELEDVPWFPRKISELDKCSHRVLMYGSELDADHPGFKDNVYRQRRKYFVDVAMGYKYGQPIPRVEYTEEETKTWGVVFRELSKLYPTHACREYLKNFPLLTKYCGYREDNVPQLEDVSMFLKERSGFTVRPVAGYLSPRDFLAGLAYRVFHCTQYIRHGSDPLYTPEPDTCHELLGHVPLLADPKFAQFSQEIGLASLGASDEDVQKLATCYFFTIEFGLCKQEGQLRAYGAGLLSSIGELKHALSDKACVKAFDPKTTCLQECLITTFQEAYFVSESFEEAKEKMRDFAKSITRPFSVYFNPYTQSIEILKDTRSIENVVQDLRSDLNTVCDALNKMNQYLGI
Expression Range	1-490aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	60.1 kDa
Research Area	Neuroscience
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Protein Families

Biopterin-dependent aromatic amino acid hydroxylase family

Database References

HGNC: 20692

OMIM: 607478

KEGG: hsa:121278

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000329093

UniGene: PMID: 28590957

results provide new evidence for the role of regulatory genetic variants that could modulate human TPH2 expression in the antidepressant response to fluoxetine. PMID: 28456685

This study firstly demonstrated evidence for an association between aberrant cortical folding in the PFC and ACC and TPH2 polymorphism gene related to the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder. PMID: 27807918

This study shown that theTPH2 genotype is likely to modulate the risk for addictive behaviors in PD on dopaminergic therapy. PMID: 27237108

social anxiety disorder entails an overactive presynaptic serotonergic system that, in turn, seems functionally influenced by the TPH2 G-703T polymorphism in emotionally relevant brain regions PMID: 27189957

nine ADHD candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in seven genes were tested for association with PD in 5333 cases and 12,019 healthy controls. No significant association was observed. PMID: 28176268

Tryptophan hydroxylase synthesizes Serotonin and is over-expressed in Suicides.TPH2 mRNA was greater in Suicide Nonsmokers than Suicide Smokers.The absence of altered TPH2 expression in non-suicide smokers suggests no pharmacological effect of Smoking. PMID: 26954509

This study shown the significant results were found with TPH2 rs4570625 involved with fast visual processing as assessed by metacontrast. PMID: 27926628

Genetic variation in TPH2 is associated with antidepressant response and may also interact with childhood trauma to influence outcome of antidepressant treatment. PMID: 27521242

2-way interaction between TPH2 rs4290270 and general traumas revealed that TT homozygotes with history of general traumas had an increased risk for suicide attempt. 3-way interaction of general traumas, TPH2 rs4290270 and ADARB1 rs4819035 indicated that highest predisposition to suicide attempt was observed in individuals who experienced general traumas and were TT homozygote for rs4290270 and TT homozygote for rs4819035. PMID: 28084537

The catalytic domain of TPH1 shares a sequence identity of 81% with TPH2. Despite the high sequence identity, differences in the kinetic parameters of the isoforms have been identified; i.e., only TPH1 displays substrate tryptophan inhibition. PMID: 29035515

results confirm the role of TPH1, TPH2, 5HT2A, CRHR1 and ACP1 variants in the risk of suicidal behavior. PMID: 27479537

There was no association between rs11179000, rs136494 and rs4570625 polymorphisms of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene and major depressive disorder in a sample of the Colombian population PMID: 28193370

This study demonstrates that both TPH1 and TPH2 are expressed in human and mouse placenta throughout pregnancy and helps to better understand the placental serotonin system, which is crucial for healthy pregnancy and fetal development. PMID: 28751217

This study provides the first evidence that, at least among Han Chinese patients with PD, AC genotype at rs78162420 in the TPH2 gene increase risk of depression. PMID: 28320136

interaction between SNP rs4570625 and BDNF Val66Met predicts a high-Risk emotional phenotype PMID: 27695066

Subjects with the TPH2 rs4570625 TT genotype, especially males, exhibit less aggression and a favourable impulsivity profile, and develop anxiety disorders by young adulthood less often PMID: 28342337

Study reports an association between functional variation on the TPH2 promotor region and rich club-a densely mutually connected set of hub regions in the brain, thought to serve as a processing and integration core-organization PMID: 26975194

Altered TPH2 expression in colonic serotonergic nerves of patients with Hirschsprung's disease complicated by enterocolitis may contribute to intestinal secretory and motor disturbances, including recurrent HAEC. PMID: 27217698

The purposes of this study were to investigate the potential association of TPH-2 polymorphisms with susceptibility to ODD in a Han Chinese school population. In single marker analyses,there was a significant difference in the genotype (chi (2) = 4.163, P = 0.041) and allele frequency (chi (2) = 3.930, P = 0.047) of rs1386494 between ODD and control groups. PMID: 27871272

the association studies between TPH2 and Bipolar disorder was investigated. PMID: 26365518

Carriers of the TPH-2 allele may be at increased risk for PTSD. COMT rs4633C and TPH-2 rs11178997T alleles jointly explained 7% of the variance in PTSD severity scores. These findings provide biological support for dividing DSM-IV category C symptoms into DSM-5 categories C and D. PMID: 25451452

Study demonstrated that 5-HTTLPR, VNTR In2, and TPH2 rs1386497 polymorphisms mediate working memory performance and that their effects on working memory depend on cocaine use of participants PMID: 26013962

We also found that early family structure directly influences the levels of dysregulation problems in early adolescence, both alone and in interaction with TPH2. PMID: 26583347

Chinese Han individuals with at least oners11178997T allele or rs120074175A allele are susceptible to MD even in the relative absence of high-negative life events. PMID: 26386440

loss of function mutation in Tph2 results in greater motivation for ethanol consumption under aversive conditions and may confer enhanced sensitivity to alcohol use disorder PMID: 26497913

TPH2 expression is regulated by DNA methylation of the TPH2 promoter region in patients with major depressive disorder. PMID: 25955598

results provide evidence for an association between the rs7305115 polymorphism of the TPH-2 gene and suicidal behavior in a Mexican population. PMID: 26028568

mood disorders and HTR1A G allele variation, the C-1019G polymorphism of the transcriptional control region of the 5-HT1A receptor, independently predicted the incidence of IFN-induced depression in HCV patients PMID: 26001668

A potential role of TPH2 in alcohol dependencies suggested. TPH2 genetic variability may be also associated with anxiety and aggression traits in alcohol dependent subjects. PMID: 26232682

1,25-Dihydroxyvitamin D regulates expression of the tryptophan hydroxylase 2 and leptin genes: implication for behavioral influences of vitamin D. PMID: 26071405

Case-control genetic association study in multi-ethnic Malaysian population. Strong linkage disequilibrium was detected between rs1386495 and rs1386494 in pooled subjects; however, no significant association was found in the haplotype analysis. PMID: 24376086

TPH2 polymorphism may be associated with cognitive function in late onset depression patients. PMID: 26057341

With regard to G-703 T/A-473 T/G19918A TPH-2 variants, this up-to-date meta-analysis could not detect any significant association between those genetic variants and suicidal behavior .[review and meta-analysis] PMID: 25005534

genetic contribution to phenotypic facets related to obsessive-compulsive symptoms and perfectionism in healthy subjects; association of TPH2 s4570625 and DRD2 TaqIA SNPs with the subscales scrupulousness and perseverance of the BFQ factor conscientiousness were found PMID: 25283578

results provide evidence on the possible role of genetic variations in 5-HT neurotransmission on development of personality traits, and suggest a functional interaction between two key proteins in the serotonergic system. PMID: 25455586

The results of this study indicated that in the Han Chinese population TPH2 may be a potential susceptibility gene for bipolar disorder. Further studies are needed to validate this association. PMID: 25152196

findings support that TPH2 may play an important functional role in the development of PTSD and contribute to the limited literature regarding the genetic basis and the sex-specific expression of PTSD's symptoms PMID: 25014617

This study showed that an interaction among childhood abuse and genetic variants of TPH2. PMID: 25214390

Data show that a marginal association between TPH2 rs11179023 and symptom improvement was observed in only the group of major depressive disorder patients treated with interpersonal counseling. PMID: 24958631

Tryptophan hydroxylase 2 gene allele variants might be risk factors for psychiatric conditions in TLE [temporal lobe epilepsy ]. PMID: 24491795

findings suggest that greater TPH2 gene expression is the basis for more TPH2 protein in the Dorsal Raphe Nucleus and Median Raphe Nucleus in alcoholics. PMID: 24942188

TPH2 variant and maternal stress and depression are associated with difficulty disengaging attention from fearful facial expressions. PMID: 24304270

Results show that a single nucleotide loss of function polymorphism in tph2 is sufficient to induce gene-dose-dependent cognitive deficits in mice PMID: 24196946

The main finding was that carriers homozygous for the G allele(TPH2 -703 G/T) showed increased related induced gamma-band synchronization when combined with the A/A genotype of the (NE) transporter variation. PMID: 23258345

Our findings suggest that common genetic variations of TPH2 are likely to contribute to genetic susceptibility to paranoid schizophrenia in Han Chinese. PMID: 24668623

polymorphic tph2 enzyme has increased activity, but decreased enzyme stability and serotonin production PMID: 24899127

None of the genetic markers within SLC6A4, MAOA, TPH1 and TPH2 were significantly associated with completed suicide or suicide method in the basic association tests. PMID: 23313272

The results of this study showed no association between tryptophan TPH2 gene polymorphisms and the complication of medication overuse headaches in patients with migraines. PMID: 24458851

None of the three gene variants, 5-HTTLPR, COMTval158met and TPH2 G-703T, was associated with long-term response to CBT for SAD. PMID: 24260145

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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