Recombinant Human Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator (PLAT) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator (PLAT) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03655P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: Antibody / cell therapy targets, High-quality recombinant proteins, Recombinant cell therapy targets for car-t research

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator (PLAT) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P00750
Target Symbol	PLAT
Synonyms	Alteplase; DKFZp686I03148; Plasminogen activator tissue; Plasminogen activator tissue type; PLAT; Reteplase; t PA; T Plasminogen Activator; t-PA; T-plasminogen activator; Tissue plasminogen activator (t PA); Tissue type plasminogen activator; Tissue-type plasminogen activator chain B; tPA; TPA_HUMAN; TPA1
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	IKGGLFADIASHPWQAAIFAKHRRSPGERFLCGGILISSCWILSAAHCFQERFPPHHLTVILGRTYRVVPGEEEQKFEVEKYIVHKEFDDDTYDNDIALLQLKSDSSRCAQESSVVRTVCLPPADLQLPDWTECELSGYGKHEALSPFYSERLKEAHVRLYPSSRCTSQHLLNRTVTDNMLCAGDTRSGGPQANLHDACQGDSGGPLVCLNDGRMTLVGIISWGLGCGQKDVPGVYTKVTNYLDWI
Expression Range	311-556aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	43.1kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Converts the abundant, but inactive, zymogen plasminogen to plasmin by hydrolyzing a single Arg-Val bond in plasminogen. By controlling plasmin-mediated proteolysis, it plays an important role in tissue remodeling and degradation, in cell migration and many other physiopathological events. During oocyte activation, plays a role in cortical granule reaction in the zona reaction, which contributes to the block to polyspermy.
Subcellular Location	Secreted, extracellular space.
Protein Families	Peptidase S1 family
Database References	HGNC: 9051 OMIM: 173370 KEGG: hsa:5327 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000220809 UniGene: PMID: 29028593 Underexpression of Tissue plasminogen activator is associated with diabetic foot syndrome. PMID: 28193577 By mediating the tPA response in macrophages, the NMDA-R provides a pathway by which the fibrinolysis system may regulate innate immunity. PMID: 28684538 Data suggest that protein aggregates interact with tissue-type plasminogen activator and plasminogen to efficiently generate plasmin; this aggregate-bound plasmin is shielded from inhibition by alpha-2-antiplasmin and degrades protein aggregates to release smaller, soluble but relatively hydrophobic peptide fragments; these fragments bind to and are cytotoxic to microglia (by not vascular endothelial cells). PMID: 28710283 Altogether, this preclinical study demonstrates that the tPA present in the blood stream is a key player of the formation of intracranial aneurysms. PMID: 28754830 tPA is a ligand of the N-terminal domain of the obligatory GluN1 subunit of NMDAR acting as a modulator of their dynamic distribution at the neuronal surface and subsequent signaling. PMID: 27831563 t-PA binds to Lys91 in the MBP NH2-terminal region and PLGbinds to Lys122 in the MBP COOH-terminal region. This proximity promotes the activation of Pg by t-PA. PMID: 28648598 local accumulation of cortisol is a causative factor for amnion epithelial apoptosis via activation of tPA/plasmin system toward the end of gestation. This may contribute to the ROM at both term and preterm birth. PMID: 27690691 We identified a homozygous null mutation in PLAT that abrogated t-PA level in patient cells. This is the first reported human knockout mutation of PLAT. The apparent association with hydranencephaly, diaphragmatic hernia and postnatal lethality requires further validation. PMID: 27417437 Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) antigen is a marker of cardiovascular risk. Exercise interventions associated with weight loss reduce t-PA antigen. Endurance training per se reduces t-PA antigen in healthy overweight men. PMID: 28254694 we reviewed current knowledge of mechanisms by which tPA can influence brain function in physiological and pathological conditions--REVIEW} PMID: 26626577 Data suggest that baseline levels of adiponectin, C-reactive protein, TPA, and fibrinogen or changes in these levels do not explain increased risk of diabetes type 2 in overweight women with glucose intolerance and histories of gestational diabetes. PMID: 25970741 Tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) may be a general factor in the immunological response to viruses. PMID: 26704613 tPA has a role in progression of periventricular white matter hyperintensities PMID: 26942412 These data indicate that oxygen-glucose deprivation-triggered Cav-1 S-nitrosylation interacts with tPA-induced ERK activation to augment MMP2 and 9 secretion and subsequent extracellular matrix degradation. PMID: 26881424 tPA-dependent activation of EGFRs leads to downregulation of NMDAR signaling and to subsequent neurotrophic effects. PMID: 26469972 Tissue-type plasminogen activator-binding RNA aptamers inhibiting low-density lipoprotein receptor family-mediated internalization may improve safety of thrombolytic therapy. PMID: 25855589 Intravenous tissue plasminogen activator therapy was associated with improved clinical outcomes without significant increase in risk of hemorrhagic complications in very old patients (aged>80 years) with acute ischemic stroke. PMID: 25329379 Review: t-PA function and regulation of its pericellular activity, with an emphasis on regulation of its gene expression. PMID: 24718307 data implicate MCP-1 as the key molecule governing tPA-induced fluid accumulation. The role of MCP-1 in the development of other exudative effusions warrants examination. PMID: 25474480 remarkable association especially between the -1131C Apo A5 variant and increased tPA levels in asymptomatic dyslipidemic patients PMID: 24815086 The results suggest roles for TLR3, TLR10, PLAT (n=2), VEGFA and DENND1B in susceptibility to chronic cavitary pulmonary aspergillosis. PMID: 24712925 shRNA-mediated silencing of PLAT in glioma-initiating cells phenocopied the effects of miR340 overexpression in vitro effects of miR340 overexpression in vitro PMID: 25627976 Activation of T cells triggered a rapid, 8.4-fold up-regulation of the serine protease tissue plasminogen activator, the protease target for neuroserpin. PMID: 25670787 Report tPA with a cutoff of 8.5 ng/mL has a high sensitivity and negative predictive value for exclusion of pulmonary embolism. PMID: 25339163 Data indicate that binding of tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) to glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) stimulates its amidolytic activity, activation of plasminogen (Pg), and cell proliferation. PMID: 25059665 Obese men exhibited lower levels of TPA activity compared to normal weight men. PMID: 25306554 plasminogen and plasmin but not tissue-type plasminogen activator have roles in regulating fibrinolysis by C-terminal lysines PMID: 22974122 It is involved in Amyloid-beta catabolism and clearance, which is particularly efficient for degrading Amyloid-beta aggregates. Thus, endogenous tPA could delay Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis by maintaining low levels of brain Amyloid beta. PMID: 24126163 Data suggest that tPA is required for bone repair and osteoblast proliferation; recombinant tPA stimulates proliferation of osteoblastic cell line. PMID: 24918201 Endogenously released tPA promotes neutrophil transmigration to reperfused tissue via proteolytic activation of plasmin and gelatinases. PMID: 24764453 There are correlations between t-PA, PAI-1 and some rotational thromboelastometry parameters in multiple myeloma patients. PMID: 24964508 Identify 3 loci associated with circulating tPA levels, the PLAT region, STXBP5, and STX2. Functional studies implicate a novel role for STXBP5 and STX2 in regulating tPA release. PMID: 24578379 Studies suggest that inadequate synthesis and release of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) or low tPA activity be considered a critical component of schizophrenia pathophysiology. PMID: 24108470 Tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) is a model of preterm intracerebral-intraventricular hemorrhages for the ontogenic window of vascular immaturity and protection against later neurodisabilities. PMID: 24709679 Data suggest plasma tissue plasminogen activator (t-PA) and fibrin fragment D-dimer levels are higher in abdominal aortic aneurysm patients than in controls; however, there is a negative relationship between t-PA and intraluminal thrombus thickness. PMID: 23959729 LRP1 assembles unique co-receptor systems to initiate cell signaling in response to tissue-type plasminogen activator and myelin-associated glycoprotein. PMID: 24129569 Renal impairment is associated with higher risk of symptomatic intracranial hemorrhage (sICH) after administration of intravenous tPA. PMID: 24145699 Successful thrombolysis can resolve DWI lesions but does not always improve the neurological symptoms. PMID: 21848677 Excess tissue-type plasminogen activator causes targeted Purkinje cell degeneration and ataxia. PMID: 23939410 II genotype carrier osteomyelitis patients had lower PAI-1/tPA complex levels. PMID: 23570848 Intravenous thrombolysis with alteplase does not appear to increase the risk of hemorrhagic complications in these non-metastatic cancer patients, in absence of additional risk factors of bleeding. PMID: 23317922 The combination of recombinant PA and erythropoietin increases release of the endogenous nitric oxide synthase inhibitor asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and thereby potentially deteriorates ischemic stroke outcome. PMID: 23788583 Use of intraventricular tPA for aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage surgery results in less vasospasm, fewer angioplasties, and fewer cerebrospinal fluid shunting procedures. PMID: 20559098 Persons who develop non-affective psychoses have lower levels of certain acute phase proteins, including tPA, at the time of birth. PMID: 23423137 This meta-analysis suggested that the -7351C/T polymorphism in TPA gene would be a risk factor for ischemic stroke. PMID: 23326456 These results suggest that retained tPA on vascular endothelial cells effectively activated plasminogen to plasmin. PMID: 23118500 The serine protease tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and two matrix metalloproteinases, ADAMTS-4 and ADAMTS-5, were identified as Reelin cleaving enzymes. PMID: 23082219 Intraventricular fibrinolysis with recombinant tPA does not lead to increased perihemorrhagic edema after intracerebral hemorrhage. PMID: 23306318 VDAC binds tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA) on human neuroblastoma SK-N-SH cells PMID: 23161549

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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