Recombinant Human Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-04639P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant thrombopoietin (tpo) proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Thyroid Peroxidase (TPO) Protein (His) is produced by our Yeast expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P07202
Target Symbol	TPO
Synonyms	MSA ; PERT_HUMAN; TDH2A; Thyroid microsomal antigen; Thyroid peroxidase; Thyroperoxidase; TPO; TPX
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Yeast
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	FFPFISRGKELLWGKPEESRVSSVLEESKRLVDTAMYATMQRNLKKRGILSPAQLLSFSKLPEPTSGVIARAAEIMETSIQAMKRKVNLKTQQSQHPTDALSEDLLSIIANMSGCLPYMLPPKCPNTCLANKYRPITGACNNR
Expression Range	19-161aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	17.9kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Iodination and coupling of the hormonogenic tyrosines in thyroglobulin to yield the thyroid hormones T(3) and T(4).
Subcellular Location	Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein.; [Isoform 3]: Cell surface.
Protein Families	Peroxidase family, XPO subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 12015 OMIM: 274500 KEGG: hsa:7173 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000318820 UniGene: PMID: 28845025 Biochemical properties of the TPO protein expressed in cancer and normal breast tissue are similar to those observed for the thyroid TPO. Nevertheless, there are some differences in comparison with the thyroid-tissue expressed protein, such as a lower N-glycan content, a slightly smaller polypeptide length, a decreased enzymatic activity, and undetectable dimer formation. PMID: 29513734 For the first time, we have isolated thyroid peroxidase by immunocytochemistry in the granulosa cumulus cells of the human ovarian follicle, thereby supporting the hypothesis that the human ovarian follicle may be an independent thyroid-hormone producing unit. PMID: 28277109 study to examine the relationship between the Asn698Thr (A2095C) and Thr725Pro (A2173C) polymorphisms of the TPO gene and anti-TPO levels in patients with subclinical hypothyroidism; ncreased anti-TPO antibodies were significantly associated with the A2173C polymorphism PMID: 28500830 Low expression of TPO is associated with dilated cardiomyopathy and impaired left ventricular function accompanied by increased risk of death. PMID: 29320567 Our findings suggest that variants inside or near TPO, ATXN2 and RASGRP1 genes are associated with HT. Identified loci are novel to HT and represent good basis for further exploration of HT susceptibility. PMID: 27268232 Our study indicated that the prevalence of TPO mutations was 1% among studied Chinese patients with CH. A novel TPO variation c.1682C>T/p. T561M was found, thereby expanding the mutational spectrum of the gene. PMID: 27173810 It is concluded that TPO 2173A>C polymorphism may be considered as a risk factor for developing autoimmune thyroiditis in patients with allergic rhinitis and asthma and that these patients should regularly be checked for hidden thyroiditis. PMID: 28502155 TPO transcripts were present in both normal and breast cancer tissue samples, although the amounts in the latter were reduced. TPO levels are lower in more advanced cancers. PMID: 28575127 Biallelic TPO mutations most commonly underlie severe congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 27525530 The results of the study suggest that rs11675434 SNP located near TPO is associated with the development of Graves ophthalmopathy, especially in males and patients with later age of the disease onset. PMID: 27829681 Mutations in the TPO gene are associated with Congenital hypothyroidism and thyroid dyshormonogenesis. PMID: 26894573 Compound heterozygous mutations in the TPO gene are associated with congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 27135621 Studies suggest that Thyroid Peroxidase autoantibodies in early to mid-pregnancy is associated with concurrent depression and may be predictive of depression in the postpartum period. PMID: 27011366 a homozygous nonsense mutation (R540X) in two patients with congenital hypothyroidism; the strong genotype/phenotype correlation associated with this mutation PMID: 26777044 Anti-thyroid peroxidase (TPO) antibodies and male gender were significantly associated with glucose impairment in patients with beta thalassemia major. PMID: 27123460 Lower pretreatment serum CXCL10 levels are associated with thyroid dysfunction. Thyroid dysfunction prevalence increases in female patients and patients who are positive for TPOAb at baseline. PMID: 26361424 This is the first description of a TD causing mutation in Tunisia and thus may help to develop a genetic screening protocol for congenital hypothyroidism in the studied region. PMID: 25968604 Two novel inactivating mutations (c.1970T> C and c.2665G> T) in the TPO gene cause congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 26174974 function and autoantigenicity of TPO PMID: 26623656 This study confirms the pathogenicity of Y55X mutation in two patients with congenital hypothyroidism and demonstrates that a nonsense mutation in the amino-terminal coding region of the TPO gene could totally abolish the function of the TPO enzyme leading to total iodide organification defect. PMID: 25328990 analysis of thyroid peroxidase autoantibody levels in type 1 diabetes in discordant twin pairs PMID: 26070305 Data show that thyroperoxidase (TPO) single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs4927611 TT and rs732609 CC are genotypes associated with potential risk for the congenital hypothyroidism (CH). PMID: 26663066 A single base deletion in the carboxyl-terminal coding region of the TPO gene could cause congenital hypothyroidism and helps to establish a genotype/phenotype correlation associated with the mutation. PMID: 25241611 Molecular cloning and functional studies of wild type and mutant forms harboring missense mutations in TPO gene showed decreased activity in the three mutants, higher Km values and lower reaction efficiencies (Vmax/Km). PMID: 25576858 The effects of inhibition of the TPO/c-MPL pathway on enhancing the chemotherapy sensitivity of AML cells. PMID: 24085601 The detection of the novel c.670_672del and c.1186C>T alterations expand the mutation spectrum of TPO associated with thyroid dyshormonogenesis. PMID: 25564141 The vWA and TPOX microsatellites are good candidate biomarkers in venous thromboembolism diseases and could help to elucidate their origins. PMID: 25250329 Variable clinical phenotypes in a family with homozygous c.1159G>A mutation in the thyroid peroxidase gene. PMID: 24717978 In conclusion, the c.2268dup mutation leads to the formation of normal and alternatively spliced TPO mRNA transcripts with a consequential loss of TPO enzymatic activity in Malaysian-Chinese patients with goitrous CH. PMID: 24745015 The results provide insight into why individuals with thyroid autoimmunity do or do not eventually develop thyroid disease, and these markers may therefore predict which TPOAb-positives are particularly at risk of developing clinical thyroid dysfunction. PMID: 24586183 The study suggested the possibility of TPO gene polymorphisms as a possible pathogenetic mechanism of hypothyroidism. PMID: 24420335 presented two children with CH who were born to consanguineous parents and were homozygous carriers of a missense (G319R) TPO mutation, the mutation segregated with the disease status in the families confirming its pathogenicity PMID: 24158420 There was shown an association of polymorphic variants of the gene DIO2 (274A > G) with elevated levels of antibodies to TPO and TPO gene (2173A > C) with elevated levels of free T4. PMID: 25306702 Our results point to a redundant role for the propeptide sequence in TPO. It is expressed in a membrane-anchored, enzymatically active form that is insensitive to intramolecular proteolysis, and importantly is recognized by patients' autoantibodies PMID: 23668778 One fourth of type 1 diabetes mellitus pregnant women presented with positive anti-TPO antibodies. However, the presence of anti-TPO antibodies does not seem to be related with worse metabolic control or adverse pregnancy outcome. PMID: 23985426 21 TPO mutations in 28 thyroid dyshormonogenesis cases were identified showing potential linkage to this locus PMID: 23236987 Congenital goitrous primary hypothyroidism in two German families caused by novel thyroid peroxidase (TPO) gene mutations PMID: 23512414 TPO as a gene involved in the risk of differentiated thyroid carcinoma (DTC). PMID: 23754668 congenital goitrous hypothyroidism of the Chinese siblings was due to the TPO gene mutations (c.2268-2269 insT and c.2089 G>A) PMID: 23329183 Data indicate that the association between miscarriage and increased anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOAb) levels. PMID: 23672306 Positive anti-TPO antibody in asthmatic patients may show presence of a hidden autoimmune thyroiditis in these patients. PMID: 22947910 In a consanguineous Pakistani family with intellectual disability, Homozygosity mapping located the causative defect on chromosome 2p25.3-p25.2. Targeted next-generation sequencing revealed an intragenic deletion of 5 exons of TPO. PMID: 22387573 analysis of how minimally invasive follicular thyroid carcinoma developed in dyshormonogenetic multinodular goiter due to thyroid peroxidase gene mutation [case report] PMID: 22435912 the correlation between TPOab and diagnostic parameters among newly diagnosed breast cancer patients PMID: 22149743 Findings confirm the genetic heterogeneity of TPO defects and the importance of the implementation of molecular studies to determinate the aetiology of the CH with dyshormonogenesis. PMID: 21981063 Data suggest that in Hashimoto's thyroiditis, both antigens, TPO and thyroglobulin, are recognized by peripheral and thyroid gland infiltrating CD8-positive T-cells and are involved in thyroid destruction leading to clinical disease manifestation. PMID: 22259066 The study identified underlying TSHR and TPO mutations in Korean patients with congenital hypothyroidism and revealed a possible relationship between imaging findings and mutation status. PMID: 21707688 In the presence of the C allele of T1936C, Anti-TPO level was significantly increased. PMID: 22326521 A high frequency of mutation in the TPO gene was detected in patients with congenital hypothyroidism. PMID: 22093430

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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