Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (THPO) Protein (His&His), Active

Name: Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (THPO) Protein (His&His), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05936P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Thrombopoietin (THPO) Protein (His&His), Active is produced by our Mammalian cell expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Endotoxin	Less than 1.0 EU/μg as determined by LAL method.
Activity	The ED50 as determined in a cell proliferation assay using MO7e human megakaryocytic leukemic cells is less than 10 ng/ml.
Uniprotkb	P40225
Target Symbol	THPO
Synonyms	C mpl ligand; C-mpl ligand; Megakaryocyte colony stimulating factor; Megakaryocyte colony-stimulating factor; Megakaryocyte growth and development factor; Megakaryocyte stimulating factor; MGC163194; MGDF; MKCSF ; ML; MPL ligand; MPLLG; Myeloproliferative leukemia virus oncogene ligand; Prepro thrombopoietin; THCYT1; THPO; Thrombopoietin; Thrombopoietin nirs variant 1; TPO; TPO_HUMAN
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Mammalian cell
Tag	N-6His&C-6His
Complete Sequence	SPAPPACDLRVLSKLLRDSHVLHSRLSQCPEVHPLPTPVLLPAVDFSLGEWKTQMEETKAQDILGAVTLLLEGVMAARGQLGPTCLSSLLGQLSGQVRLLLGALQSLLGTQLPPQGRTTAHKDPNAIFLSFQHLLRGKVRFLMLVGGSTLCVRRAPPTTAVPSRTSLVLTLNELPNRTSGLLETNFTASARTTGSGLLKWQQGFRAKIPGLLNQTSRSLDQIPGYLNRIHELLNGTRGLFPGPSRRTLGAPDISSGTSDTGSLPPNLQPGYSPSPTHPPTGQYTLFPLPPTLPTPVVQLHPLLPDPSAPTPTPTSPLLNTSYTHSQNLSQEG
Expression Range	22-353aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	37.3 kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm Filtered 20 mM Tris-HCl, 150 mM NaCl, pH 8.0
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Lineage-specific cytokine affecting the proliferation and maturation of megakaryocytes from their committed progenitor cells. It acts at a late stage of megakaryocyte development. It may be the major physiological regulator of circulating platelets.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	EPO/TPO family
Database References	HGNC: 11795 OMIM: 187950 KEGG: hsa:7066 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000204615 UniGene: PMID: 29313460 FISH study showed no cytogenetic abnormalities in any of the analyzed cases. PMID: 16682284 results confirm that TPO acts as an acute phase protein but exclude the possibility that it is uniquely responsible for thrombocytosis of inflammatory disorders, which might recognize in IL-6 a credible candidate as a cooperating factor. PMID: 18041648 evidence for the presence of a low TPO gene expression transcript in B-CLL cells; early B-cell CLL circulating level of TPO does not provide a useful insight into the complex interrelationship of prognostic variables PMID: 18203013 Thrombopoietin levels are increased in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome; TPO may have a role in thrombocytosis, which frequently develops from thrombocytopenia in SARS patients PMID: 18314161 separate binding sites on the Mpl receptor for TPO and hNUDC identified PMID: 20529857 Tensin2 is an important new mediator in TPO/c-Mpl pathway; Tensin2 becomes phosphorylated in a TPO dependent manner. PMID: 21527831 perioperative TPO dynamics are associated with postoperative LD. Postoperative TPO levels were found to be lowest in high-risk patients (HCC patients undergoing major resection) but showed an independent predictive value. PMID: 25611592 Data indicate thrombopoietin (TPO) as potential early prognostic biomarker in acute pancreatitis (AP) patients. PMID: 28079612 These studies demonstrate that biallelic loss-of-function mutations in THPO cause bone marrow failure, which is unresponsive to transplant due to a hematopoietic cell-extrinsic mechanism. PMID: 28559357 Genetically engineered mesenchymal stromal cells produce IL-3 and TPO to further improve human scaffold-based xenograft models PMID: 28456746 High Thrombopoietin expression is associated with immune thrombocytopenia in pregnancy. PMID: 26840092 Colorectal cancer tumor-initiating cells (TICs) expressing CD110, the thrombopoietin (TPO)-binding receptor, mediate liver metastasis. We show that TPO promotes metastasis of CD110+ TICs to the liver by activating lysine degradation. PMID: 26140605 decreased TPO levels or decreased bone marrow production of platelets may not be a cause of thrombocytopenia in chronic hepatitis C PMID: 25728497 WASP, RUNX1, and ANKRD26 genes are important for normal TPO signaling and the network underlying thrombopoiesis. PMID: 26175287 Data suggest that elevated serum level of thrombopoietin may serve as unfavorable marker of stage of multiple myeloma. PMID: 25323752 The regulation of OCs by TPO highlights a novel therapeutic target for bone loss diseases and may be important to consider in the numerous hematologic disorders associated with alterations in TPO/c-mpl signaling PMID: 25656774 TPO was greatly enhanced in HPT in comparison with ITP patients (958 +/- 659 and 11 +/- 27 pg/ml, p < 0.001). In the ITP group a reverse correlation was detected between TPO and glycocalicin (r = -0.373, p = 0.006). PMID: 25472766 observations suggest that NRP-1 is involved in megakaryocytopoiesis through complex formation with PDGFRs, and that NRP-1-PDGFR-complexes may contribute to effective cellular functions mediated by TPO and PDGF in megakaryocytic cells PMID: 25744030 An Arg->Cys substitution at residue 38 or residue 17 excluding the 21-AA signal peptide of the receptor binding domain was found in a family with aplastic anemia. Adding a 5th cysteine may disrupt normal disulfide bonding & receptor binding. PMID: 24085763 increased plasma thrombopoietin levels were associated with a favorable prognosis of bone marrow failure and could, therefore, represent a reliable marker for a benign subset of myelodysplastic syndrome. PMID: 23403320 Increased TPO levels may increase both platelet count and platelet size, resulting in more hemostatic tendency, which may contribute to the progression of ischemic stroke. PMID: 22327824 Platelet count and serum thrombopoietin level as predictors for morbidity and/or mortality in thrombocytopenic neonates. PMID: 22980223 Data indicate increased levels of serum thrombopoietin (TPO) were found in necrotizing pancreatitis. PMID: 22698803 Mutation in the THPO gene is not associated with aplastic anaemia in Japanese children. PMID: 22686250 Thrombopoietin is a biomarker and mediator of cardiovascular damage in critical diseases [review] PMID: 22577249 Findings establish that Clock regulates Thpo and Mpl expression in vivo, and demonstrate an important link between the body's circadian timing mechanisms and megakaryopoiesis. PMID: 22284746 Overstimulation of the THPO pathway might therefore predispose to clonal hematopoietic disease and to congenital abnormalities. PMID: 22453305 Data show that serum thrombopoietin levels in the affected family members were significantly higher than in the non-affected family members or healthy controls. PMID: 22194398 pattern of megakaryocytopoiesis is associated with up-regulated thrombopoietin (TPO) signaling through mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) and elevated levels of full-length GATA-1 and its targets PMID: 21304100 Human thrombopoietin knockin mice efficiently support human hematopoiesis in vivo. PMID: 21262827 Findings thus suggest that decreased thrombopoietin production accompanying liver dysfunction may be related to thrombocytopenia besides myelosuppression in anorexia nervosa with malnutrition. PMID: 19810087 TPO negatively modulates cardiac inotropy in vitro and contributes to the myocardial depressing activity of septic shock serum PMID: 20467749 Overexpreeeion of human thrombopoietin increased the platelet level in the transfected mice. PMID: 11877062 Mutations in the 5' untranslated region of the TPO gene are not the cause of the normal or elevated TPO levels in acquired essential thrombocythemia. PMID: 11860444 REVIEW: central role in the pathogenesis of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP), andother immune-mediated thrombocytopenias. PMID: 11913997 While there is increased platelet turnover in patients with chronic renal failure, the kidney does not seem to play a major role in the overall Tpo production in the body. PMID: 11960394 binding to platelet thrombopoietin receptor is directly involved in human thrombopoietin plasma level regulation PMID: 11961237 Flt3/Flk-2-ligand in synergy with thrombopoietin may slow down megakaryocyte development by causing increased proliferation of megakaryocyte progenitor cells. PMID: 11983110 In the presence of EPO and SCF and/or IL-3, TPO enhances bone marrow erythropoiesis in cell cultures derived from patients with Diamond-Blackfan anemia. PMID: 12041668 Thrombopoietin activates MAPKp42/44, AKT, and STAT proteins in normal human CD34+ cells, megakaryocytes, and platelets. PMID: 12135673 The endogenous levels of TPO, IL-6 and IL-8 are elevated in the thrombocytopenic patients with AML and MDS. PMID: 12187073 induces megakaryocyte-specific glycoprotein VI promoter and its regulation by GATA-1, Fli-1, and Sp1 PMID: 12359731 no difference was found in the cord blood level of thrombopoietin between infants born to mothers with pregnancy-induced hypertension and those without PMID: 12381927 review of TPO role in thrombopoiesis, signal transduction, cellular proliferative and anti-apoptotic mechanisms increasing megakaryocyte numbers PMID: 12430879 levels in children with acute and chronic idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura and its relationship with mega-dose methylprednisolone therapy PMID: 12468916 Tpo concentrations in plasma samples taken concurrently from the right ventricle, the pulmonary artery, and the left ventricle showed there were positive correlations between the Tpo levels and pulmonary artery systolic pressure. PMID: 12487786 TPO stimulation of a megakaryocyte cell line activated lyn kinase, shown to be involved in the transduction pathway of the TPO proliferative signal. PMID: 12495897 Production of this protein in human hepatic cell cultures is not affected by IFN-alpha, IFN-beta, and IFN-gamma. PMID: 12581491 c-mpl mutations are the cause not only for the hypomegakaryocytic thrombocytopenia, but also for the development of an aplastic anemia (AA) in patients with CAMT PMID: 12799278

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

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Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

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