Recombinant Human Thioredoxin Reductase 2, Mitochondrial (TXNRD2) Protein (His-SUMO)

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLC-04428P
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Recombinant Human Thioredoxin Reductase 2, Mitochondrial (TXNRD2) Protein (His-SUMO)

Beta LifeScience SKU/CAT #: BLC-04428P
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Product Overview

Description Recombinant Human Thioredoxin Reductase 2, Mitochondrial (TXNRD2) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb Q9NNW7
Target Symbol TXNRD2
Synonyms mitochondrial; Selenoprotein Z; SelZ; Thioredoxin reductase 2; Thioredoxin reductase 2 mitochondrial; Thioredoxin reductase 3; Thioredoxin reductase beta; Thioredoxin reductase TR3; TR 3; TR; TR beta; TR-beta; TR3; TRXR 2; TRXR2; TRXR2_HUMAN; TXNRD 2; Txnrd2
Species Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System E.coli
Tag N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence QRDYDLLVVGGGSGGLACAKEAAQLGRKVAVVDYVEPSPQGTRWGLGGTCVNVGCIPKKLMHQAALLGGLIQDAPNYGWEVAQPVPHDWRKMAEAVQNHVKSLNWGHRVQLQDRKVKYFNIKASFVDEHTVCGVAKGGKEILLSADHIIIATGGRPRYPTHIEGALEYGITSDDIFWLKESPGKTLVVGASYVALECAGFLTGIGLDTTIMMRSIPLRGFDQQMSSMVIEHMASHGTRFLRGCAPSRVRRLPDGQLQVTWEDSTTGKEDTGTFDTVLWAIGRVPDTRSLNLEKAGVDTSPDTQKILVDSREATSVPHIYAIGDVVEGRPELTPIAIMAGRLLVQRLFGGSSDLMDYDNVPTTVFTPLEYGCVGLSEEEAVARHGQEHVEVYHAHYKPLEFTVAGRDASQCYVKMVCLREPPQLVLGLHFLGPNAGEVTQGFALGIKCGASYAQVMRTVGIHPTCSEEVVKLRISKRSGLDPTVTGCSG
Expression Range 37-524aa
Protein Length Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight 68.9kDa
Research Area Others
Form Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage 1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function Involved in the control of reactive oxygen species levels and the regulation of mitochondrial redox homeostasis. Maintains thioredoxin in a reduced state. May play a role in redox-regulated cell signaling.
Subcellular Location Mitochondrion.
Protein Families Class-I pyridine nucleotide-disulfide oxidoreductase family
Database References

HGNC: 18155

OMIM: 606448

KEGG: hsa:10587

STRING: 9606.ENSP00000383365

UniGene: PMID: 29327078

  • TrxR2 was overexpressed in non-small-cell lung cancer cells; our results suggest that TrxR2 acts as an oncogenic gene in the context of lung cancer progression PMID: 28414076
  • p53R2 acts as a positive regulator of TrxR2 activity in mitochondria both under normal physiological conditions and during the cellular response to DNA damage PMID: 27866984
  • TrxR2 deficiency-induced impaired proliferation and death of chondrocytes may be the pathological mechanism of the osteoarthropathy due to Selenium deficiency. PMID: 27107686
  • Evidence that the rs4485648 polymorphism of the TrxR2 gene might exert an independent effect on the development of Diabetic retinopathy. PMID: 26763822
  • Data suggest that TXNRD2 may represent a druggable target that could be deployed to reduce the development of fatal pulmonary metastases in patients with osteosarcoma (OS). PMID: 26573231
  • A meta-analysis of the top SNPs identified three new associated loci in primary open angle glaucoma--TXNRD2, ATXN2, and FOXC1 PMID: 26752265
  • The TXNRD2 rs 1548357 polymorphism might be a genetic risk factor for Myocardial infarction in subjects with T2 Diabetes mellitus of Slovenian origin. PMID: 25703281
  • Data suggest TXNRD1 and TXRNRD2 function at the top of a redox pyramid that governs the oxidation state of peroxiredoxins and other protein factors, thereby dictating a hierarchy of phenotypic responses to oxidative insults. PMID: 24624337
  • Absence of TXNRD2 in humans leads to glucocorticoid deficiency. PMID: 24601690
  • Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms in the genes GPX1 (rs1050450, rs1800668 and rs3811699), TrxR2 (rs5748469), and DIO2 (rs225014) may not be significantly associated with Kashin-Beck disease in a Tibetan population. PMID: 24058403
  • Development of subcutaneous fibrosis can be associated with genetic variation in the mitochondrial enzyme TXNRD2, critically involved in removal of ROS, and maintenance of the intracellular redox balance. PMID: 23597419
  • Data suggest that dietary factor (selenium supplementation) up-regulates endogenous antioxidant systems and protects trophoblasts from oxidative stress; selenium upregulates GPX1 (glutathione peroxidase 1) and thioredoxin reductases (TXNRD1; TXNRD2). PMID: 23063346
  • A role of GPx2, TrxR2 and TrxR3 in proliferation, apoptosis and, therefore, also during cancer development. PMID: 22683372
  • No obvious correlation can be found between rs5748469 polymorphisms in TrxR2 gene and the susceptibility to Kashin-Beck disease. PMID: 20965815
  • Mutation of this gene is involved in regulation of cellular redoc state in Dilated Cardiomyopathy. PMID: 21247928
  • study reveals significant differences between TrxR1 and TrxR2 in substrate specificity and metal compound inhibition in vitro and in cells PMID: 21172426
  • mammary tumors expressing the wild-type TR were readily suppressed by the IFN/RA combination. In contrast, the tumors bearing a mutant TR were resistant to regression. PMID: 12374691
  • Mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase and peroxiredoxin III are overexpressed in hepatocellular carcinomas. PMID: 12530083
  • Involvements of mitochondrial thioredoxin reductase in cell proliferation. PMID: 12705894
  • the function of TR3 is not limited to its role in Trx2 reduction PMID: 16774913
  • Nuclear extracts from rat lungs administered this reduced recombinant protein suggest a role for NF-kappaB in proinflammatory responses. PMID: 17395017
  • The GPX1 198 Pro/Pro and TXNRD2 370Arg/Arg genotypes might be associated with the genetic susceptibility of gastric cancer. PMID: 19035188
  • Observations underpin a likely critical antioxidant role for TrxR2 and TrxR1 in the endothelium. PMID: 19595745
  • Over-expression of TXNRD2, COMT and ARVCF affects incentive learning and working memory in transgenic mice. PMID: 19617637

    • FAQs

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    Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

    Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

    Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

    Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

    To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.

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