Recombinant Human TFIIB Protein (N-GST)

Name: Recombinant Human TFIIB Protein (N-GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0251NP
Availability: InStock

BL-0251NP: Greater than 81% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Transcription Initiation Factor IIB is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Met1-Leu316 is expressed with a GST tag at the N-terminus.
Accession	Q00403
Synonym	Transcription Initiation Factor IIB; General Transcription Factor TFIIB; S300-II; GTF2B; TF2B; TFIIB
Gene Background	Transcription Initiation Factor IIB (TFIIB) is an essential factor for transcription by RNA Polymerase II. TFIIB localizes to the nucleus where it forms a complex (the DAB complex) with transcription factor IID and IIA. TFIIB plays a role as a bridge between IID, which initially recognizes the promoter sequence, and RNA polymerase II. TFIIB is involved in the selection of transcription start site.
Molecular Mass	61.64 KDa
Apmol Mass	62 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 100mM NaCl, pH 8.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 81% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening. Do not mix by vortex or pipetting. It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml. Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water. Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt. Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days. Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	General transcription factor that plays a role in transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II (Pol II). Involved in the pre-initiation complex (PIC) formation and Pol II recruitment at promoter DNA. Together with the TATA box-bound TBP forms the core initiation complex and provides a bridge between TBP and the Pol II-TFIIF complex. Released from the PIC early following the onset of transcription during the initiation and elongation transition and reassociates with TBP during the next transcription cycle. Associates with chromatin to core promoter-specific regions. Binds to two distinct DNA core promoter consensus sequence elements in a TBP-independent manner; these IIB-recognition elements (BREs) are localized immediately upstream (BREu), 5'-[GC][GC][GA]CGCC-3', and downstream (BREd), 5'-[GA]T[TGA][TG][GT][TG][TG]-3', of the TATA box element. Modulates transcription start site selection. Exhibits also autoacetyltransferase activity that contributes to the activated transcription.
Subcellular Location	Nucleus. Chromosome.
Protein Families	TFIIB family
Database References	HGNC: 4648 OMIM: 189963 KEGG: hsa:2959 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000359531 UniGene: Hs.481852
Tissue Specificity	Expressed in the inner cell mass forming the embryoblast. Not detected in cells from the outer thin layer trophoblast (at protein level).

Gene Functions References

a hand-off model in which Ssu72 mediates a conformational transition in TFIIB, accounting for the role of Ssu72 in transcription reinitiation, gene looping, and promoter-terminator cross-talk. PMID: 29158257
binding of specific DNA sequences changes the protein structure and dynamics, and TFIIB may exist in two conformational states PMID: 26284261
The role of zinc at Cys3His1 binding site in the absence of TFIIB protein folding PMID: 26016528
these results establish a new paradigm for TFIIB functionality in human gene expression, which when downregulated has potent anti-viral effects. PMID: 24441171
Association of the winged helix motif of the TFIIEalpha subunit of TFIIE with either the TFIIEbeta subunit or TFIIB distinguishes its functions in transcription. PMID: 25492609
TFIIB was involved in the proliferation and growth of HCC cells. PMID: 23055019
a mode of phospho-TFIIB-independent transcriptional regulation that prioritizes the transcription of p53-target genes during cellular stress. PMID: 23115335
Data show that TFIIF has an important role in stabilizing TFIIB within the PIC and after transcription initiates. PMID: 21896726
a six-amino acid human TFIIB tip region is needed for appropriate levels of serine 5 C-terminal domain phosphorylation and mRNA capping and for retention of the required elongation factor TFIIF. PMID: 20880846
phosphorylation of TFIIB at serine 65 is a critical event in transcription that links the gene promoter and terminator and triggers initiation by RNA pol II PMID: 20226668
interaction with vitamin D receptor helix H10 residues PMID: 12529369
Data show that human TATA box binding protein (TBP) can use a shared surface to interact with two different transcription factor IIB (TFIIB) family members to initiate transcription by different RNA polymerases. PMID: 12535529
The groove in the first cyclin repeat of TFIIB is identified as the FCP1-binding site of TFIIB core domain (TFIIBc), consisting of several hydrophobic and several basic amino acids. PMID: 12578358
lack of role in bending of TATA-binding protein simultaneously with promotoer DNA PMID: 12791683
TFIIB interacts with SP1/SP3 at the SP1 site, besides its association with EAR3 and the TATA-less core promoter region. PMID: 12972613
in addition to its role in regulating TBP binding to a TATA box, the TBP surface is unexpectedly involved in TBP association with all three TFIIB family members PMID: 14585974
The structural role of Zn2+ binding to the the zinc-ribbon domain of TFIIB was analysed. PMID: 14641108
Results identify a small nonconserved surface of the transcription factor TFIIB zinc ribbon that is required for RNA polymerase II (pol II) transcription in vivo and for different types of basal pol II transcription in vitro. PMID: 15024075
A TFIIB conformational change is critical for the formation of activator-dependent transcription complexes. PMID: 15037660
Collapse of the transcription bubble defines the RNA polymerase II promoter clearance transition. PMID: 15989968
high level of TFIIB can bypass the Mediator requirement for basal transcription and pol II recruitment in nuclear extract PMID: 16595664
Together, our results support a mode of preinitiation complex assembly in which TFIIB/RNA polymerase II recruitment to the promoter occurs in vivo. PMID: 16878124
TFIIB binding is required for the interferon antagonist effect exerted by Thogoto virus M protein. PMID: 18768974
slipping at juncture is induced by TATA-binding protein and transcription factor IIB and requires a TATA box but not a transcription factor IIB recognition sequence PMID: 19193635
TFIIF in HeLa cell nuclear extract helps to rescue the inactive mutations by interacting with either the B-finger or another component of the initiation complex that is influenced by the B-finger PMID: 19590095

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.