Recombinant Human Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase Pak 4 (PAK4) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase Pak 4 (PAK4) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-09910P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Serine/Threonine-Protein Kinase Pak 4 (PAK4) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	O96013
Target Symbol	PAK4
Synonyms	KIAA1142; p21 activated kinase 4; p21 Cdc42/Rac1-actiated kinase 4; P21 protein (Cdc42/Rac) activated kinase 4; p21(CDKN1A) activated kinase 4; p21-activated kinase 4; PAK 4; PAK-4; Pak4; PAK4_HUMAN; Protein kinase related to S.cerevisiae STE20 effector for Cdc42Hs; Serine threonine kinase PAK 4; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK 4; Serine/threonine protein kinase PAK4; Serine/threonine-protein kinase PAK 4
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	MFGKRKKRVEISAPSNFEHRVHTGFDQHEQKFTGLPRQWQSLIEESARRPKPLVDPACITSIQPGAPKTIVRGSKGAKDGALTLLLDEFENMSVTRSNSLRRDSPPPPARARQENGMPEKPPGPRSPQREPQRVSHEQFRAALQLVVDPGDPRSYLDNFIKIGEGSTGIVCIATVRSSGKLVAVKKMDLRKQQRRELLFNEVVIMRDYQHENVVEMYNSYLVGDELWVVMEFLEGGALTDIVTHTRMNEEQIAAVCLAVLQALSVLHAQGVIHRDIKSDSILLTHDGRVKLSDFGFCAQVSKEVPRRKSLVGTPYWMAPELISRLPYGPEVDIWSLGIMVIEMVDGEPPYFNEPPLKAMKMIRDNLPPRLKNLHKVSPSLKGFLDRLLVRDPAQRATAAELLKHPFLAKAGPPASIVPLMRQNRTR
Expression Range	1-426aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Isoform 2
Mol. Weight	63.9kDa
Research Area	Apoptosis
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Serine/threonine protein kinase that plays a role in a variety of different signaling pathways including cytoskeleton regulation, cell migration, growth, proliferation or cell survival. Activation by various effectors including growth factor receptors or active CDC42 and RAC1 results in a conformational change and a subsequent autophosphorylation on several serine and/or threonine residues. Phosphorylates and inactivates the protein phosphatase SSH1, leading to increased inhibitory phosphorylation of the actin binding/depolymerizing factor cofilin. Decreased cofilin activity may lead to stabilization of actin filaments. Phosphorylates LIMK1, a kinase that also inhibits the activity of cofilin. Phosphorylates integrin beta5/ITGB5 and thus regulates cell motility. Phosphorylates ARHGEF2 and activates the downstream target RHOA that plays a role in the regulation of assembly of focal adhesions and actin stress fibers. Stimulates cell survival by phosphorylating the BCL2 antagonist of cell death BAD. Alternatively, inhibits apoptosis by preventing caspase-8 binding to death domain receptors in a kinase independent manner. Plays a role in cell-cycle progression by controlling levels of the cell-cycle regulatory protein CDKN1A and by phosphorylating RAN.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm.
Protein Families	Protein kinase superfamily, STE Ser/Thr protein kinase family, STE20 subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 16059 OMIM: 605451 KEGG: hsa:10298 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000351049 UniGene: PMID: 28205613 This review will discuss the emerging data highlighting the prominence of PAK4 in Pancreatic distal adenocarcinoma(PDAC) and its potential role for transforming patient management. PMID: 29508632 this series of compounds has the potential for further development as PAK4 inhibitors for anticancer activity PMID: 29443911 X-ray crystallography reveals that in addition to the canonical PAK4 CDC42/RAC interactive binding (CRIB) domain binding to CDC42 there are unexpected contacts involving the PAK4 kinase C-lobe, CDC42, and the PAK4 polybasic region. PMID: 29295922 High PAK4 expression is associated with glioma. PMID: 28677773 These results indicate that miR485 acts as a tumour suppressor in Glioblastoma (GBM) by, at least partially, directly targeting PAK4 and regulating the AKT and ERK signalling pathways. Thus, miR485 may be a potential target for the treatment of patients with GBM. PMID: 29048626 Study reports the overexpression of PAK4 in neuroblastoma cells and, that PF-3758309, a potent PAK4 inhibitor, inhibits cell proliferation and survival in neuroblastoma cells via inhibition of the MEK/ERK pathway. These results suggest a role of PAK4 in neuroblastoma development. PMID: 29048629 Methylation at cg14010619 may modify PAK4 activity, which has been implicated in cisplatin resistance in malignant cell lines PMID: 28444219 PAK4 downregulated the level of p21 and enhanced the activity of Akt as well. And we conclude that PAK4 acts as a regulator of cell cycle progression of vascular smooth muscle cells by mediating Akt signaling and controlling p21 levels, which further modulate intimal hyperplasia and vascular smooth muscle cells proliferation PMID: 28706947 Findings revealed a novel function of PAK4 in thyroid stimulating hormone-induced papillary thyroid cancer progression. PMID: 28178642 The present study demonstrates that miR-145 plays an important role in inhibiting cell migration by directly targeting PAK4, and identifies miR-145-PAK4-LIMK1-cofilin as a novel regulatory pathway that contributed to colorectal cancer metastasis. PMID: 28440035 These findings revealed a novel glucose metabolism-related mechanism of PAK4 in promoting colon cancer cell growth, suggesting that PAK4 and/or G6PD blockage might be a potential therapeutic strategy for colon cancer. PMID: 28542136 PAK4 (but not PAK1) mediates invadopodia maturation during melanoma invasion likely via inhibition of PDZ-RhoGEF. PMID: 27765920 these results indicate that PAK4 confers CDDP resistance via the activation of MEK/ERK and PI3K/Akt pathways. PAK4 and PI3K/Akt pathways can reciprocally activate each other. PMID: 27919028 PAK4 activity was markedly decreased in postmortem brain tissue from Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and in rodent models of PD. Expression of constitutively active PAK4(S445N/S474E) (caPAK4) protected DA neurons in both the 6-hydroxydopamine and alpha-synuclein rat models of PD and preserved motor function. PMID: 27903866 Our results indicate that PAK4 plays an important role in the potentiation of insulin secretion by fatty acids downstream of GPR40. PMID: 27700527 PAK4 downregulation decreased PPARgamma-mediated Nox1 expression and suppressed EMT in IR-treated glioma cells. PMID: 28534509 miR-1271/Zic2/PAK4 axis plays an important role in hepatocellular carcinoma progression. PMID: 28577975 findings suggest that PAK4-activated PI3K/AKT signaling is both kinase-dependent and -independent, which contributes to breast cancer progression PMID: 28407679 Functional role and therapeutic targeting of PAK4 in multiple myeloma has been presented. PMID: 28096095 PAK4 overexpression in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) promotes metastatic invasion by regulating p53 phosphorylation. PMID: 27496712 Study demonstrated that PAK4 interacted with eEF1A1 to promote migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, thereby providing new insights into the function of PAK4 and eEF1A1 in the progression of gastric cancer. PMID: 28393218 The results support a novel connection between HIF-1a and Pak4 in hypoxic cancer cells, and provide insights into mechanisms whereby tumors respond to and thrive under oxygen-deficient conditions. PMID: 28288786 Data suggest that signaling via ANP/ANPR (atrial natriuretic factor/ANP receptor) in vascular endothelial cells activates PAK4 (p21-activated kinase 4) and CCM2 (cerebral cavernous malformation 2 protein), resulting in phosphorylation of MLC (myosin light chain), cytoskeletal reorganization, and cell spreading; kinase homology domain of ANPRA (guanylyl cyclase-A) activates downstream targets of ANP/ANPR signaling. PMID: 28432261 High expression of PAK4 is associated with breast cancer. PMID: 27297086 In gastric cancer, High PAK4 expression was significantly correlated with clinicopathological variables related to tumour progression, including depth of invasion, metastatic lymph nodes, pathological stage, distant metastasis or recurrent disease. High PAK4 expression was significantly associated with poorer disease-specific survival and relapse-free survival. PMID: 26614788 PAK4 methylation by SETD6 promotes the activation of the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. PMID: 26841865 Study has confirms prognostic role of PAK4 level in cervical cancer patients and recognizes the regulatory role in cervical cancer progression. PAK4 also confers the chemoresistance of cervical cancer cells in a PI3K/Akt-dependent way. PMID: 26411419 PAK4 catalytic domain binds cellular ATP and the Inka1 inhibitor. The crystal lattice consists only of PAK4-PAK4 contacts, which form a hexagonal array with channels of 80 A in diameter that run the length of the crystal. PMID: 26607847 PAK4 localizes to cell-cell junctions and contributes to estblishing cell polarity.PAK4 phosphorylate beta-catenin Serine-675.PAK4 binding to cell-cell junctions is dependent on Cdc42. PMID: 26068882 Nuclear Pak4 is involved in the pathogenesis of endometrial cancer especially in postmenopausal women. PMID: 26218748 data show decreased nuclear accumulation and transcriptional activity of STAT3 in PAK4-silenced pancreatic cancer cells PMID: 26546043 this report reveals that high level of p-Pak4 correlates with poor prognosis in gastric cancer (GC), thereby suggesting that p-Pak4 might be a potential prognostic marker for GC. PMID: 26124003 PAK4 and RhoU cooperate to drive adhesion turnover and promote cell migration. PMID: 26598620 PAK4 mediated LIMK1 phosphorylation regulates the migration and invasion in NSCLC. Therefore, PAK4 might be a significant prognostic marker and potential therapeutic molecular target in NSCLC. PMID: 25975262 CXCL12/CXCR4 signaling has a role in docetaxel-induced microtubule stabilization via p21-activated kinase 4-dependent activation of LIMK1 PMID: 25359780 microRNA-433 (miRNA-433 directly targets PAK4 through the miRNA-433 binding sequence at the 3'-UTR of PAK4 mRNA. PMID: 25410752 PAK1 and PAK4 expression were associated with colorectal cancer metastasis and infiltration PMID: 25791829 PAK4 promotes alpha-MSH/UVB-induced melanogenesis via the CREB and Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathways and suggest that PAK4 may be a potential therapeutic target in pigmentation disorders. PMID: 25560280 Suggest that PAK4 is a regulator of NF-kappaB pathway in pancreatic cancer cells, controlling cell proliferation and survival. PMID: 25238288 PAK4 phosphorylates Par6B at Ser143 blocking its interaction with Cdc42. PMID: 25662318 Increased Pak4 expression can lead to development of adenomyosis by enhancing the invasiveness of endometrial cells through regulation of MMP-2 and -9 activities. PMID: 25637478 PAK4 is known to act as a transporter for beta-catenin nuclear translocation. PMID: 24829151 p21-activated kinase 4 inhibitor PF-3758309 shows anti-metastatic effect. PMID: 24366569 PAK4-SCG10 signaling occurs in gastric cancer cell invasion. PMID: 23893240 The results document an oncogenic role of PAK4 in repression of Smad2/3 transactivation that involved in tumorigenesis, and suggest PAK4 as a potential therapeutic target for gastric cancer. PMID: 23934187 Both indole and indazole of KY-04031 are responsible for PAK4 hinge interaction. PMID: 24704155 Mutation of this residue was sufficient to switch the phosphorylation site preference for multiple kinases, including the serine-specific kinase PAK4 and the threonine-specific kinase MST4. PMID: 24374310 Genotype TT for rs9676717 in PAK4 gene and no drinking may be predictive of the interferon-a treatment success. PMID: 23652058 we confirmed that the mechanisms of the Pak4-induced cell cycle arrest invovlve the activation of the ATM/Chk1/2/p53 pathway. PMID: 23229348

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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