Recombinant Human Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase-Like N (PTPRN) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase-Like N (PTPRN) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-07612P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Receptor-Type Tyrosine-Protein Phosphatase-Like N (PTPRN) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a extracellular protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q16849
Target Symbol	PTPRN
Synonyms	(R-PTP-N)(Islet cell antigen 512)(ICA 512)(Islet cell autoantigen 3)(PTP IA-2)
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	VSAHGCLFDRRLCSHLEVCIQDGLFGQCQVGVGQARPLLQVTSPVLQRLQGVLRQLMSQGLSWHDDLTQYVISQEMERIPRLRPPEPRPRDRSGLAPKRPGPAGELLLQDIPTGSAPAAQHRLPQPPVGKGGAGASSSLSPLQAELLPPLLEHLLLPPQPPHPSLSYEPALLQPYLFHQFGSRDGSRVSEGSPGMVSVGPLPKAEAPALFSRTASKGIFGDHPGHSYGDLPGPSPAQLFQDSGLLYLAQELPAPSRARVPRLPEQGSSSRAEDSPEGYEKEGLGDRGEKPASPAVQPDAALQRLAAVLAGYGVELRQLTPEQLSTLLTLLQLLPKGAGRNPGGVVNVGADIKKTMEGPVEGRDTAELPARTSPMPGHPTASPTSSEVQQVPSPVSSEPPKAARPPVTPVLLEKKSPLGQSQPTVAGQPSARPAAEEYGYIVTDQKPLSLAAGVKLLEILAEHVHMSSGSFINISVVGPALTFRIRHNEQNLSLADVTQQAGLVKSELEAQTGLQILQTGVGQREEAAAVLPQTAHSTSPMR
Expression Range	35-575aa
Protein Length	Extracellular Domain
Mol. Weight	61.3 kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Plays a role in vesicle-mediated secretory processes. Required for normal accumulation of secretory vesicles in hippocampus, pituitary and pancreatic islets. Required for the accumulation of normal levels of insulin-containing vesicles and preventing their degradation. Plays a role in insulin secretion in response to glucose stimuli. Required for normal accumulation of the neurotransmitters norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin in the brain. In females, but not in males, required for normal accumulation and secretion of pituitary hormones, such as luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). Required to maintain normal levels of renin expression and renin release. Seems to lack intrinsic enzyme activity. May regulate catalytic active protein-tyrosine phosphatases such as PTPRA through dimerization.; ICA512-TMF regulates dynamics and exocytosis of insulin secretory granules (SGs); binding of ICA512-TMF to SNTB2/beta-2-syntrophin is proposed to restrain SGs mobility and exocytosis by tethering them to the actin cytoskeleton depending on UTRN; the function is inhibited by cytoplasmic ICA512-CFF dimerizing with ICA512-TMF and displacing SNTB2.; ICA512-CCF translocated to the nucleus promotes expression of insulin and other granule-related genes; the function implicates binding to and regulating activity of STAT5B probably by preventing its dephosphorylation and potentially by inducing its sumoylation by recruiting PIAS4. Enhances pancreatic beta-cell proliferation by converging with signaling by STAT5B and STAT3. ICA512-CCF located in the cytoplasm regulates dynamics and exocytosis of insulin secretory granules (SGs) by dimerizing with ICA512-TMF and displacing SNTB2 thus enhancing SGs mobility and exocytosis.
Subcellular Location	Membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Perikaryon. Cell projection, axon. Cell junction, synapse. Cell membrane; Single-pass type I membrane protein. Endosome.; [ICA512-transmembrane fragment]: Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle membrane.; [ICA512-cleaved cytosolic fragment]: Nucleus.
Protein Families	Protein-tyrosine phosphatase family, Receptor class 8 subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 9676 OMIM: 601773 KEGG: hsa:5798 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000295718 UniGene: Hs.89655
Associated Diseases	Autoantigen in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM).
Tissue Specificity	Expression is restricted to neuroendocrine cells. Found in pancreas, brain and pituitary.

Gene Functions References

E. coli GI724 strain emerged as a handy source of recombinant IA-2ic, achieving high levels of expression as a thioredoxin fusion protein, adequately validated and applicable to the development of innovative and cost-effective immunoassays for IA-2A detection in most laboratories. PMID: 27881117
Identification of amino acids contributing to distinct epitopes on IA-2, with both HLA-DR and HLA-DQ alleles influencing epitope specificity. PMID: 26564179
RESP18HD is required for efficient sorting of ICA512 to secretory granules: RESP18HD is a key determinant for ICA512 granule targeting. PMID: 26836020
The binding of CREB to the promoter region, -216 to +115, enhanced IA-2 transcription by more than fivefold. PMID: 25528004
Kaplan-Meier survival curves estimated a worst pancreas graft survival for patients with positive IA-2 antibodies versus those patients with negative auto-antibodies and GAD65+ auto-antibodies after simultaneous pancreas kidney transplantation. PMID: 25645784
Humoral responses to islet antigen-2 and zinc transporter 8 are attenuated in patients carrying HLA-A*24 alleles at the onset of type 1 diabetes. PMID: 23396399
identification of cysteines that are critical for IA-2A binding of autoantibodies in patients with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes PMID: 22966073
the IA-2A autoantibody response in children is intense with rapid maturation against immunogenic epitopes and a strong association with diabetes development PMID: 23110943
Letter: report lack of anti-IA2 autoantibodies in primary antiphospholipid syndrome. PMID: 21442164
analysis of protein-protein interactions in crystals of the human receptor-type protein tyrosine phosphatase ICA512 ectodomain PMID: 21935384
ZnT8A, GADA and IA-2A are autoantibodies that may have a role in successful pancreas graft survival PMID: 21792090
In families with type 1 diabetes, there was a female predominance and more family history of associated autoimmune diseases (AAIDs) in the group with AAIDs, and less frequent anti-IA-2 antibodies PMID: 21744463
Longer survival was associated with hypomethylation at specific CpG sites (e.g. GREB1, TGIF and TOB1) and hypermethylation in other genes (e.g. TMCO5, PTPRN and GUCY2C). PMID: 21577013
Studies indicate that T1DM can be detected by determining four autoantibodies, namely those antibodies against insulin, glutamic acid decarboxylase 65, insulinoma antigen (IA)-2 (ICA512) and the zinc transporter ZnT8. PMID: 21073664
Risk of autoantibody seroconversion among children followed in DPT-1 is age dependent PMID: 21270193
Data show that significantly increased expression of MCP-1, IL-2 and PTPR-N was observed in Tourette's syndrome cases. PMID: 20193755
T cells stimulated in vitro by the IA-2 epitope express IFN-gamma when restimulated by the similar rotavirus VP7 peptide. PMID: 20083660
Report a chimeric assay providing an efficient and economical technique to screen for islet autoantibodies reacting with IA-2 and ZnT8 in type 1 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 20035758
ICA512(IA-2) epitope specific assays distinguish transient from diabetes associated autoantibodies. PMID: 11908951
Autoantibodies to IA-2 in type 1 diabetes: measurements with a new enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. PMID: 12021115
BCG vaccination and GAD65 and IA-2 autoantibodies in autoimmune diabetes in southern India. PMID: 12021127
findings indicate that glutamine at position 862, and residues 876-880 of the WPD loop of IA-2 are important for several of the IA-2 specific PTP domain epitopes PMID: 14624760
The islet cell autoantigen 512 (ICA512)/IA-2 is a receptor tyrosine phosphatase-like protein associated with the insulin secretory granules (SGs) of pancreatic beta-cells. PMID: 15596545
Measuring IA-2A is useful for the diagnosis and prognosis of type 1 diabetes in Japanese. PMID: 15620435
IA-2 is an important regulator of dense core vesicle number and glucose-induced and basal insulin secretion in beta cells. PMID: 15939893
identification of proteins that interact with IA-2, the IA-2 interactome; the IA-2 interactome based on pull-down experiments, currently consists of 12 proteins; identification of these interacting proteins provides clues as to how IA-2 functions PMID: 16273344
Autoantibodies in type 1 diabetes for this protein provide a model for other autoimmune diseases. PMID: 18373080
HLA class II alleles strongly influence the prevalence of IA-2A in type 1 diabetes. PMID: 18504544
Inexpensive, nonradioactive method for the detection of autoantibodies cell-prepared PTPRN (also known as IA-2) in diabetics. PMID: 18535195
The study identifies a region of IA-2 frequently recognised by antibodies in Type 1 diabetes and demonstrates that these responses are associated with T-cells secreting IL-10 in response to a neighbouring determinant. PMID: 19447008

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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