Recombinant Human RAC3 Protein

Name: Recombinant Human RAC3 Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0195SG
Availability: InStock

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Product Overview

Tag	His
Host Species	Human
Accession	NM_005052
Synonym	None
Background	RAC3 is a GTPase which belongs to the RHO family of small GTP-binding proteins that regulate a diverse array of cellular events, including the control of cell growth, cytoskeletal reorganization, and the activation of protein kinases. RAC3 is primarily expressed in brain and is proposed to play a specific function in neuronal cells. Depletion of RAC3 induces stronger cell adhesion and dramatically increases the outgrowth of neurite-like protrusions whereas overexpression of RAC3 results in a contractile round morphology (1). RAC3 can exert its function through negatively affecting integrin-mediated cell-matrix adhesions (2). RAC3 shares with RAC1 the ability to interfere with cadherin-mediated adhesion.
Description	Recombinant full length human RAC3 was produced in E. coli, fused with a His tag at N-terminus.
Source	E.coli
AA Sequence	Full Length
Molecular Weight	24 kDa
Purity	For specific purity information on a given lot, see related COA.
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity	Active
Formulation	Recombinant protein is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM Glutathione, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% glycerol.
Stability	The recombinant protein is stable for up to 12 months at -70°C
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Recombinant Human RAC3 Protein should be stored should be stored at < -70°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Plasma membrane-associated small GTPase which cycles between an active GTP-bound and inactive GDP-bound state. In active state binds to a variety of effector proteins to regulate cellular responses, such as cell spreading and the formation of actin-based protusions including lamellipodia and membrane ruffles. Promotes cell adhesion and spreading on fibrinogen in a CIB1 and alpha-IIb/beta3 integrin-mediated manner.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Endomembrane system. Cell projection, lamellipodium. Cytoplasm, perinuclear region. Cell membrane. Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton. Note=Membrane-associated when activated. Colocalizes with NRBP to endomembranes and at the cell periphery in lamellipodia. Colocalized with CIB1 in the perinuclear area and at the cell periphery.
Protein Families	Small GTPase superfamily, Rho family
Database References	HGNC: 9803 OMIM: 602050 KEGG: hsa:5881 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000304283 UniGene: Hs.45002
Tissue Specificity	Highest levels in brain, also detected in heart, placenta and pancreas.

Gene Functions References

Rac3 regulates breast cancer invasion and metastasis by controlling adhesion and matrix degradation. PMID: 29061650
Rac3 regulates the biological behaviors of lung adenocarcinoma through a mechanism of downregulating CCND1, MYC, and TFDP1 of cell cycle pathway. PMID: 27402308
Efficient silencing of Rac3 strongly inhibited A549 cell proliferation. PMID: 25854406
Collectively these data unveil that FBXL19 functions as an antagonist of Rac3 by regulating its stability and regulates the TGFbeta1-induced E-cadherin down-regulation. PMID: 24684802
Report role of Rac3 in breast cancer aggressiveness and show the potential usefulness of Rac3 depletion in breast cancer therapy. PMID: 23388133
Rac1b forms a complex with NADPH oxidase and promotes the production of reactive oxygen species, expression of Snail, and activation of the epithelial-mesenchymal transition program. PMID: 22918955
Activation of epithelial-mesenchymal transition by MMP-induced expression of Rac1b gave rise to lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 22786680
Rac3 GTPase has a role in the regulation of autophagy PMID: 21852230
RAC3 is a novel ERalpha co-activator that promotes cell migration and has prognostic value for ERalpha-positive breast cancer metastasis. PMID: 21217774
Our data is the first report of the frequency of Rac3 overexpression and mutation in human brain tumors. Overexpression may be associated with aggressive tumor behavior PMID: 15993075
RAC1 and RAC3 have opposing functions in cell adhesion and differentiation in neuronal cells. PMID: 17244648
Data demonstrate that Rac3 shares with Rac1 the ability to interfere with cadherin-mediated adhesion. PMID: 18319303
Rac3 inhibits adhesion and differentiation of neuronal cells by modifying GIT1 downstream signaling. PMID: 19494130

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.