Recombinant Human Platelet Basic Protein (PPBP) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Platelet Basic Protein (PPBP) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-08353P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Platelet Basic Protein (PPBP) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P02775
Target Symbol	PPBP
Synonyms	B TG1; Beta TG ; Beta thromboglobulin; Beta-TG; C-X-C motif chemokine 7; Chemokine (C X C motif) ligand 7; Connective tissue activating peptide III; CTAP 3; CTAP III; CTAP-III; CTAP-III(1-81); CTAP3; CTAPIII; CXC chemokine ligand 7; CXCL 7; CXCL7; CXCL7_HUMAN; LA PF 4; LA-PF4; LDGF; Leukocyte derived growth factor; Leukocyte-derived growth factor; Low-affinity platelet factor IV; Macrophage-derived growth factor; MDGF; NAP 2; NAP-2; NAP-2(1-63); NAP-2(1-66); NAP-2(73); NAP-2(74); Neutrophil activating peptide 2; Neutrophil-activating peptide 2(1-63); PBP; Platelet basic protein; PPBP; Pro platelet basic protein (chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7); Pro platelet basic protein; SCYB7; Small inducible cytokine subfamily B member 7; Small-inducible cytokine B7; TC1; TC2; TGB; TGB1; THBGB; THBGB1; Thrombocidin 1; Thrombocidin 2; Thromboglobulin; beta-1
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	AELRCMCIKTTSGIHPKNIQSLEVIGKGTHCNQVEVIATLKDGRKICLDPDAPRIKKIVQKKLAGDE
Expression Range	59-125aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	34.4kDa
Research Area	Immunology
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	LA-PF4 stimulates DNA synthesis, mitosis, glycolysis, intracellular cAMP accumulation, prostaglandin E2 secretion, and synthesis of hyaluronic acid and sulfated glycosaminoglycan. It also stimulates the formation and secretion of plasminogen activator by human synovial cells. NAP-2 is a ligand for CXCR1 and CXCR2, and NAP-2, NAP-2(73), NAP-2(74), NAP-2(1-66), and most potent NAP-2(1-63) are chemoattractants and activators for neutrophils. TC-1 and TC-2 are antibacterial proteins, in vitro released from activated platelet alpha-granules. CTAP-III(1-81) is more potent than CTAP-III desensitize chemokine-induced neutrophil activation.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Intercrine alpha (chemokine CxC) family
Database References	HGNC: 9240 OMIM: 121010 KEGG: hsa:5473 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000296028 UniGene: PMID: 29782494 In the prospective population-based Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities cohort, beta-thromboglobulin was not associated with cardiovascular disease risk. PMID: 28531882 Cleavage of a factor Xa-specific chromogenic substrate was observed when Beta-TG was incubated with factor X, suggesting a direct interaction between Beta-TG and factor X. Beta-TG modulate coagulation in vitro via an interaction with factor X. PMID: 28384443 This study demonstrated that platelet basic protein was detected in the serums of Alzheimer disease patients PMID: 27911324 DEFA1, DEFA3, and PPBP expression was significantly increased in hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease patients compared with controls. PMID: 28420383 These results suggest that aberrant CXCL7 expression in peripheral blood cells is induced by renal cell carcinoma cells and may serve as a novel biomarker in the diagnosis of renal cell carcinoma . PMID: 28985012 Two haplotype blocks, one upstream to the coding region of UGT2A1 (rs146712414, P = 9.1 x 10(-5); odds ratio [OR], 1.34; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.16-1.56) and one downstream of the genes PF4/PPBP/CXCL5 (rs1595009, P = 1.3 x 10(-4); OR, 1.32; 95% CI, 1.15-1.52), were associated with AgP. PMID: 28467728 NMR and modeling studies indicated that glycosaminoglycans (GAG) heparin binding to the heterodimer is distinctly different from the CXC chemokine ligand 7 (CXCL7) monomer. PMID: 28368308 Cby's C-terminal domain alone binds to TC-1 with significantly greater affinity compared to full-length Cby, implying that target binding of the coiled-coil domain is affected by the flanking disordered regions. PMID: 27082063 CXCL7 plays a promoting role in regulating the growth and metastasis of cholangiocarcinoma. PMID: 27959418 Data suggest that neutrophil-activating peptide 2 (NAP-2) secreted by NK cells can bind to CXC Chemokine Receptor 2 (CXCR2) on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) leading to stimulation of its recruitment. PMID: 27052313 Utilizing mass spectrometry-based proteomics, platelet basic protein has been identified as a candidate serum biomarker for transient ischemic attack PMID: 26307429 Synovial Cxcl7 mRNA and protein were increased in early rheumatoid arthritis compared to uninflamed controls and resolving arthritis. PMID: 25858640 Studied and characterized the dynamics and thermodynamic stability of monomer and homodimer structures of CXCL7. PMID: 26297927 Leptin and neutrophil-activating peptide act synergistically to promote mesenchymal stem cell senescence through enhancement of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in systemic lupus erythematosus patients. PMID: 25989537 CXCL7/CXCR2 signalling pathways are a predictive factor of poor outcome in metastatic colon cancer. PMID: 25580640 CXCR4-CXCL12-CXCR7 regulates mTOR signaling in renal cancer cells. PMID: 24991762 The antimicrobial thrombocidin peptides are found in human blood platelets, are deletion products of CXC chemokines and have antibacterial and antifungal activity. PMID: 10877842 The level of beta-thromboglobulin was found significantly higher in female patients with rheumatoid arthritis. PMID: 23052484 Testing of bacterial resistance to platelet antimicrobial lmw proteins (PMPs) may be advisable as a predictive indicator of susceptibility to treatment of infections such as infective endocarditis and other local infections of biofilm nature. PMID: 23619231 beta-TG was evaluated for familial mediterranean fever cases and healthy controls, beta-TG levels were found significantly lower among patients; it is hypothesized that this difference may have resulted from the effect of colchicine use on platelet functions. PMID: 22939812 Examined the prognostic values of SARS-associated proteome, and deciphered the identities of those with prognostic values.The associations of decreased serum PF4 and increased serum beta-TG levels with poor prognosis were confirmed by Western blot. PMID: 22740477 modulates antimicrobial activity of phagocytes against L. pneumophila PMID: 22101183 positive ratios of CXCR7, CXCL12 and CXCL11 in oral leukoplakia and oral squamous cell carcinoma tissues respectively, were significantly higher than that in normal epithelia PMID: 21442287 Using microdialysis techniques we detected beta-TG release during an inflammatory response. We conclude that local platelet activation is induced by the heating stimulus. PMID: 20510637 beta-TG is cleaved after being released from activated platelets, thereby becoming less mitogenic for fibroblasts PMID: 20224257 CXCL7 promotes neutrophil adhesion to vascular endothelium and induces transendothelial migration. PMID: 12193731 one or more high molecular weight protein is released from alpha-granules and is broken down into smaller fragments after release to form beta-thromboglobulin (beta-TG)-like proteins by the action of metal dependent proteases. PMID: 12297130 Gene profiling iodentified PPBP from peripheral blood cells in coronary artery disease. PMID: 12878486 Platelet basic protein is downregulated by glucocorticoids, and is defined as an immunosuppressive target of glucocorticoids. PMID: 14673015 Our observations indicate that PBP and its derivates are constituents of the antimicrobial arsenal of human monocytes. Their increased expression after exposure to microorganisms allows a rapid host response to pathogens. PMID: 15316029 activated human skin mast cells (MCs) convert CTAP-III into biologically active NAP-2 through proteolytic cleavage by released chymase. PMID: 16317101 stromal-stimulated monocytes can serve as an additional source for CXCL7 peptides in the microenvironment and may contribute to the local regulation of megakaryocytopoiesis PMID: 16391012 levels of BDNF and beta-TG in blood of Alzheimers patients is decreased; BDNF and beta-TG are associated with degree of platelet activation PMID: 16807663 NAP-2 has the potential to induce inflammatory responses within the atherosclerotic plaque. By its ability to promote leukocyte and endothelial cell activation, such a NAP-2-driven inflammation could promote plaque rupture and acute coronary syndromes. PMID: 17045893 CXCL7 decreased serum levels in advanced MDS, suggesting the possibility of a concerted disturbance of transcription or translation of these chemokines in advanced MDS PMID: 17220270 delayed pressure urticaria may be associated with increased secretion of platelet chemokines PF4 and beta-TG, similar to that observed in cold urticaria PMID: 18632422 stimulates the migration of mesenchymal stem cells in vitro PMID: 18707017

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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