Recombinant Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (PPARA) Protein (His&Myc)

Name: Recombinant Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (PPARA) Protein (His&Myc)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03398P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Based on the SEQUEST from database of Baculovirus host and target protein, the LC-MS/MS Analysis result of this product could indicate that this peptide derived from Baculovirus-expressed Homo sapiens (Human) PPARA.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Alpha (PPARA) Protein (His&Myc) is produced by our Baculovirus expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q07869
Target Symbol	PPARA
Synonyms	hPPAR; MGC2237; MGC2452; NR1C1; Nuclear receptor subfamily 1 group C member 1; OTTHUMP00000197740; OTTHUMP00000197741; Peroxisome proliferative activated receptor alpha; Peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha; Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha; PPAR; PPAR-alpha; ppara; PPARA_HUMAN; PPARalpha
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Baculovirus
Tag	N-10His&C-Myc
Target Protein Sequence	MVDTESPLCPLSPLEAGDLESPLSEEFLQEMGNIQEISQSIGEDSSGSFGFTEYQYLGSCPGSDGSVITDTLSPASSPSSVTYPVVPGSVDESPSGALNIECRICGDKASGYHYGVHACEGCKGFFRRTIRLKLVYDKCDRSCKIQKKNRNKCQYCRFHKCLSVGMSHNAIRFGRMPRSEKAKLKAEILTCEHDIEDSETADLKSLAKRIYEAYLKNFNMNKVKARVILSGKASNNPPFVIHDMETLCMAEKTLVAKLVANGIQNKEAEVRIFHCCQCTSVETVTELTEFAKAIPGFANLDLNDQVTLLKYGVYEAIFAMLSSVMNKDGMLVAYGNGFITREFLKSLRKPFCDIMEPKFDFAMKFNALELDDSDISLFVAAIICCGDRPGLLNVGHIEKMQEGIVHVLRLHLQSNHPDDIFLFPKLLQKMADLRQLVTEHAQLVQIIKKTESDAALHPLLQEIYRDMY
Expression Range	1-468aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	56.2 kDa
Research Area	Cancer
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Ligand-activated transcription factor. Key regulator of lipid metabolism. Activated by the endogenous ligand 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycerol-3-phosphocholine (16:0/18:1-GPC). Activated by oleylethanolamide, a naturally occurring lipid that regulates satiety. Receptor for peroxisome proliferators such as hypolipidemic drugs and fatty acids. Regulates the peroxisomal beta-oxidation pathway of fatty acids. Functions as transcription activator for the ACOX1 and P450 genes. Transactivation activity requires heterodimerization with RXRA and is antagonized by NR2C2. May be required for the propagation of clock information to metabolic pathways regulated by PER2.
Subcellular Location	Nucleus.
Protein Families	Nuclear hormone receptor family, NR1 subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 9232 OMIM: 170998 KEGG: hsa:5465 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000262735 UniGene: PMID: 29331071 Circulated eosinophilic expression of PPARalpha protein is reduced in metabolic syndrome. PMID: 29699951 TNFalpha differently regulated the levels of PPARalpha, LXRalpha, and LXRbeta binding to the apoA-I gene promoter in THP-1 cells. Obtained results suggest a novel tissue-specific mechanism of the TNFalpha-mediated regulation of apoA-I gene in monocytes and macrophages and show that endogenous ApoA-I might be positively regulated in macrophage during inflammation. PMID: 29442267 MAR1 ameliorates LPS-induced atherosclerotic reactions via PPARalpha-mediated suppression of inflammation and ER stress. PMID: 29971543 Data suggest that, in hepatocytes, MIRN34A plays roles in regulation of mitochondrial remodeling and lipid metabolism including development/prevention of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; MIRN34A appears to act via AMPK/PPARalpha signal transduction. (MIRN34A = microRNA 34a; AMPK = AMP-activated protein kinase; PPARalpha = peroxisome proliferator activated receptor alpha) PMID: 29197627 miR-214 overexpression inhibits glioma cell growth in vitro and in vivo by inducing cell cycle arrest in G0/G1. Collectively, these data uncover a novel role for a PPARalpha-miR-214-E2F2 pathway in controlling glioma cell proliferation. PMID: 29862267 Improvements in metabolic and neurodegenerative diseases are often attributed to anti-inflammatory effects of PPAR activation. (Review) PMID: 29799467 circRNA_0046366, which demonstrated expression loss in HepG2-based hepatocellular steatosis, exerts antagonistic effect on miR-34a activity. miR-34a inactivation abrogates its inhibitory role against PPARalpha. PMID: 29391755 We first reported that the FOMX1 pathway is the most upregulated and the PPARalpha pathway is the most downregulated pathway in Triple Negative Breast Cancers (TNBCs). These two pathways could be simultaneously targeted in further studies. Also the pathway classifier we performed in this study provided insight into the TNBC heterogeneity. PMID: 29301506 Polymorphism of PPARA is associated with late onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus. PMID: 28292576 results demonstrated that OEA exerts anti-inflammatory effects by enhancing PPARalpha signaling, inhibiting the TLR4-mediated NF-kappaB signaling pathway, and interfering with the ERK1/2-dependent signaling cascade (TLR4/ERK1/2/AP-1/STAT3), which suggests that OEA may be a therapeutic agent for inflammatory diseases. PMID: 27721381 data suggested that miR-19a negatively controlled the autophagy of hepatocytes attenuated in D-GalN/LPS-stimulated hepatocytes via regulating NBR2 and AMPK/PPARalpha signaling. PMID: 28586153 The minor allele of rs1800206 and rs1805192 from PPAR A and PPAR G and its interaction were associated with increased Breast Cancer risk. PMID: 28669518 High concentrations of DINCH urinary metabolites activate human PPAR-alpha. PMID: 29421333 PPARalpha is overexpressed in primary glioblastoma PMID: 27926792 these results suggest that the E2F1/miR19a/PPARalpha feedback loop is critical for glioma progression PMID: 27835866 Data conclude that the ER-stress mediated reduction in apoA-I transcription could be partly mediated via the inhibition of PPARalpha mRNA expression and activity. In addition, BET inhibition increased apoA-I transcription, even if PPARalpha production and activity were decreased. Both BET inhibition and PPARalpha activation ameliorate the apoA-I lowering effect of ER-stress and are therefore interesting targets to elev... PMID: 28012209 Results demonstrated that PPARa directly inhibited Glut1 mRNA expression resulting in influx of glucose in cancer cells. PMID: 27918085 PPARalpha and LXRalpha may be mediators by which omega3PUFA attenuate bile acid-induced hepatocellular injury PMID: 26756785 Our results support an important association between rs1800206 minor allele of PPAR alpha and diabetic retinopathy, and the interaction analysis also shown a combined effect of Leu162 allele-abdominal obesity interaction on diabetic retinopathy. PMID: 26671228 Taken together, our data suggest that eupatilin inhibits TNFalpha-induced MMP-2/-9 expression by suppressing NF-kappaB and MAPKAP-1 pathways via PPARalpha. Our findings suggest the usefulness of eupatilin for preventing skin aging. PMID: 28899779 Hepatic PARP1 activation inhibits FAO pathway upregulation through poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation of PPARalpha, worsening hepatic steatosis and inflammatory responses associated with overnutrition. PMID: 27979751 Aleglitazar protects cardiomyocytes against hyperglycaemia-induced apoptosis by combined activation of both peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma. PMID: 28111985 Study reports a molecular mechanism by which glucocorticoid-induced PPARalpha expression negatively affects the activity of PPARgamma and downregulates BCO1 gene expression. Results explicate novel aspects of local glucocorticoid:retinoid interactions that may contribute to alveolar tissue remodeling in chronic lung diseases that affect children and, possibly, adults. PMID: 28732066 Interference with PLIN2 and PPARalpha resulted in major alterations in gene expression, especially affecting lipid, glucose, and purine metabolism. PMID: 27308945 PPARalpha and FXR function coordinately to integrate liver energy balance. PMID: 28287408 This study showed that oleoylethanolamine and palmitoylethanolamine have endogenous roles and potential therapeutic applications in conditions of intestinal hyperpermeability and inflammation. PMID: 27623929 An association was found with PPARalpha polymorphism and patients with nicotine dependency and schizophrenia. PMID: 27624431 PPAR agonists have shown to have anti proliferative effect in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck. PMID: 27896820 Results show that PPARalpha is downregulated and SREBP-1c is upregulated in steatosis L-02 cells. These changes increase lipid synthesis and reduce lipid disposal, which ultimately lead to hepatic steatosis. PMID: 27270405 Perfluoroalkyl acids addition to activating PPARalpha as a primary target, also have the potential to activate CAR, PPARgamma, and ERalpha as well as suppress STAT5B. PMID: 28558994 the metabolic events, controlled by PPARs, occurring during neuronal precursor differentiation, the glucose and lipid metabolism was investigated. PMID: 27860527 The CYP2E1-PPARalpha axis may play a role in ethanol-induced neurotoxicity via the alteration of the genes related with synaptic function PMID: 28385499 Studies indicate that natural dietary compounds, including nutrients and phytochemicals, are Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) ligands or modulators. PMID: 27863018 Genome-wide comparison of the inducible transcriptomes of nuclear receptors CAR, PXR and PPARalpha in primary human hepatocytes has been presented. PMID: 26994748 Hepatitis B virus increases the expression of alpha-mannosidases both in vitro and in vivo via activation of the PPARalpha pathway by its envelope protein. PMID: 27920474 These observations candidate PPARs as new biomarkers of follicle competence opening new hypotheses on controlled ovarian stimulation effects on ovarian physiology. PMID: 26332656 PPARalpha activation plays defensive and compensative roles by reducing cellular toxicity associated with fatty acids and sulfuric acid. PMID: 27644403 PPARalpha/gamma agonist, elafibranor resolves nonalcoholic steatohepatitis without worsening fibrosis. PMID: 26874076 The effects of fenofibrate on nonalcoholic fatty liver disease in the context of PPAR-alpha activation was studied. PMID: 27930988 PPARA polymorphism is associated with the risk of coronary heart disease. PMID: 27512842 Telmisartan improved the hyperglycemia-induced cardiac fibrosis through the PPARdelta/STAT3 pathway. PMID: 27519769 A modest relationship was found between PPARalpha and AIP expression, both being significantly higher in the presence of pre-operative somatostatin analogues in somatotropinoma patients. PMID: 26872613 Fenofibrate inhibited atrial metabolic remodeling in atrial fibrillation (AF) by regulating the PPAR-alpha/sirtuin 1/PGC-1alpha pathway indicating a novel therapeutic strategy for AF PMID: 26787506 PPAR delta + 294TT genotype frequency in the Chinese Han population was higher than in the Chinese Uyghur population and may affect the risk of ischemic stroke. PMID: 26814631 PPARalpha functions as an E3 ubiquitin ligase to induce Bcl2 ubiquitination and degradation, leading to increased cancer cell sensitivity in response to chemotherapy drugs. PMID: 26556865 There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of PPARalpha Leu162Val polymorphism between the ischemic stroke patients and controls in the Han ethnic group. PMID: 26671025 results support an important association between rs1800206 minor allele (V) of PPAR alpha and lower CRP level; the interaction analysis showed a combined effect between rs1800206 and rs135539 on the lower CRP level PMID: 26497374 PPAR-gamma and PTEN expressions are related to the clinical parameters and prognosis of renal cell carcinoma PMID: 26722456 Describe a renoprotective role of fenofibrate in albumin bound fatty acid associated tubular toxicity, involving the transcriptional activation of PPARalpha and suppression of NF-kB. PMID: 26617775

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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