Recombinant Human Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase, Mitochondrial (NME4) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase, Mitochondrial (NME4) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03940P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Nucleoside Diphosphate Kinase, Mitochondrial (NME4) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	O00746
Target Symbol	NME4
Synonyms	metastatic inhibition factor NM23H4; mitochondrial; NDK; NDKM_HUMAN; NDP kinase; NDP kinase D; NDP kinase, mitochondrial; NDPK D; NDPKD; nm23 H4; nm23-H4; NM23D; NM23H4; Nm23M4; NME/NM23 nucleoside diphosphate kinase 4; NME4; Non metastatic cells 4 protein expressed in; Non metastatic protein 23, homolog 4; Nucleoside diphosphate kinase D; Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial; Nucleoside diphosphate kinase, mitochondrial
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	SWTRERTLVAVKPDGVQRRLVGDVIQRFERRGFTLVGMKMLQAPESVLAEHYQDLRRKPFYPALIRYMSSGPVVAMVWEGYNVVRASRAMIGHTDSAEAAPGTIRGDFSVHISRNVIHASDSVEGAQREIQLWFQSSELVSWADGGQHSSIHPA
Expression Range	1-187aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	44.3kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Major role in the synthesis of nucleoside triphosphates other than ATP. The ATP gamma phosphate is transferred to the NDP beta phosphate via a ping-pong mechanism, using a phosphorylated active-site intermediate. Through the catalyzed exchange of gamma-phosphate between di- and triphosphonucleosides participates in regulation of intracellular nucleotide homeostasis. Binds to anionic phospholipids, predominantly to cardiolipin; the binding inhibits its phosphotransfer activity. Acts as mitochondria-specific NDK; its association with cardiolipin-containing mitochondrial inner membrane is coupled to respiration suggesting that ADP locally regenerated in the mitochondrion innermembrane space by its activity is directly taken up via ANT ADP/ATP translocase into the matrix space to stimulate respiratory ATP regeneration. Proposed to increase GTP-loading on dynamin-related GTPase OPA1 in mitochondria. In vitro can induce liposome cross-linking suggesting that it can cross-link inner and outer membranes to form contact sites, and promotes intermembrane migration of anionic phosphoplipids. Promotes the redistribution of cardiolipin between the mitochondrial inner membrane and outer membrane which is implicated in pro-apoptotic signaling.
Subcellular Location	Mitochondrion intermembrane space; Peripheral membrane protein. Mitochondrion matrix.
Protein Families	NDK family
Database References	HGNC: 7852 OMIM: 601818 KEGG: hsa:4833 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000219479 UniGene: Hs.9235
Tissue Specificity	Widely distributed. Found at very high levels in prostate, heart, liver, small intestine, and skeletal muscle tissues, and in low amounts in the brain and in blood leukocytes.

Gene Functions References

NDPK-D has an important role in the early stages of mitophagy as induced by carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone as well as by PINK1-Parkin-independent stimuli such as rotenone and 6-hydroxydopamine. PMID: 26742431
Mitochondrial NM23-H4/NDPK-D: a bifunctional nanoswitch for bioenergetics and lipid signaling PMID: 25231795
miR-196 performed it's their function by inhibiting NME4 expression and further activating p-JNK, suppressing TIMP1, and augmenting MMP1/9. PMID: 25233933
Nm23-H4 acts as a lipid-dependent mitochondrial switch with dual function in phosphotransfer serving local GTP supply and cardiolipin transfer for apoptotic signaling and putative other functions PMID: 23150663
High expression of ERCC1, FLT1, NME4 and PCNA in myelodysplastic syndrome was associated with poor prognosis and disease progression along the sequence of 5q-syndrome/RCMD/RAEB/de novo AML PMID: 18604718

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.