Recombinant Human NGAL Protein (C-6His, E. coli)

Name: Recombinant Human NGAL Protein (C-6His, E. coli)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1559NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1559NP: Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Neutrophil Gelatinase-associated Lipocalin is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Gln21-Gly198 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P80188
Synonym	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin; NGAL; 25 kDa alpha-2-microglobulin-related subunit of MMP-9; Lipocalin-2; Oncogene 24p3; Siderocalin LCN2; p25; HNL; NGAL
Gene Background	Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin(LCN2) is a secreted protein and belongs to the calycin superfamily. This protein is released from injured tubular cells after various damaging stimuli, is already known by nephrologists as one of the most promising biomarkers of incoming Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). Recent evidence also suggests its role as a biomarker in a variety of other renal and non-renal conditions. Moreover, recent studies seem to suggest a potential involvement of this factor also in the genesis and progression of chronic kidney diseases. NGAL is the first known mammalian protein which specifically binds organic molecules called siderophores, which are high-affinity iron chelators. NGAL, first known as an antibacterial factor of natural immunity, and an acute phase protein, is currently one of the most interesting and enigmatic proteins involved in the process of tumor development. acting as an intracellular iron carrier and protecting MMP9 from proteolytic degradation, NGAL has a clear pro-tumoral effect, as has already been observed in different tumors (e.g. breast, stomach, oesophagus, brain) in humans. In thyroid carcinomas, NGAL is strongly induced by NF-kB, an important factor involved both in tumor growth and in the link between chronic inflammation and neoplastic development. Thus, Lipocalin-2 (LCN2/NGAL) has been implicated in a variety of processes including cell differentiation, proliferation, survival and morphogenesis.
Molecular Mass	21.8 KDa
Apmol Mass	20-23 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution of PBS, 50% Glycerol, pH 7.4.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution
Storage	Store at ≤-70°C, stable for 6 months after receipt. Store at ≤-70°C, stable for 3 months under sterile conditions after opening. Please minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Shipping	The product is shipped on dry ice/polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Iron-trafficking protein involved in multiple processes such as apoptosis, innate immunity and renal development. Binds iron through association with 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA), a siderophore that shares structural similarities with bacterial enterobactin, and delivers or removes iron from the cell, depending on the context. Iron-bound form (holo-24p3) is internalized following binding to the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor, leading to release of iron and subsequent increase of intracellular iron concentration. In contrast, association of the iron-free form (apo-24p3) with the SLC22A17 (24p3R) receptor is followed by association with an intracellular siderophore, iron chelation and iron transfer to the extracellular medium, thereby reducing intracellular iron concentration. Involved in apoptosis due to interleukin-3 (IL3) deprivation: iron-loaded form increases intracellular iron concentration without promoting apoptosis, while iron-free form decreases intracellular iron levels, inducing expression of the proapoptotic protein BCL2L11/BIM, resulting in apoptosis. Involved in innate immunity; limits bacterial proliferation by sequestering iron bound to microbial siderophores, such as enterobactin. Can also bind siderophores from M.tuberculosis.
Subcellular Location	Secreted. Cytoplasmic granule lumen. Cytoplasmic vesicle lumen.
Protein Families	Calycin superfamily, Lipocalin family
Database References	HGNC: 6526 OMIM: 600181 KEGG: hsa:3934 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000277480 UniGene: PMID: 29869714 Urinary NGAL levels were increased in type 2 diabetic patients with early diabetic nephropathy. PMID: 29673928 In the second trimester, high urinary levels indicate tubular injury in gestational diabetes mellitus cases which seems to be a result of hyperglycemia PMID: 28768458 use of bedside NGAL assessment may significantly hasten diagnosis and treatment of CI-AKI PMID: 29791495 neither the inflammatory biomarker calprotectin, nor the tubular biomarkers NGAL and KIM-1, provide robust prognostic information on the loss of renal function in a heterogeneous CKD population. All of them, however, are candidate prognostic biomarkers in primarily inflammatory renal diseases. PMID: 30078006 Plasma NGAL is a valuable biomarker for differentiating between patients with asthma-chronic obstructive pulmonary disorder overlap and asthma patients. PMID: 29580282 There is no significant relationship between breast cancer patients and LCN2 gene polymorphisms (rs11556770). PMID: 29915849 Knockdown of NGAL protein exhibited inhibited proliferation, enhanced apoptosis, decreased expressions of nuclear factor kappa-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NF-kappaB) as well as B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2) and increased expressions of cysteine-aspartic acid specific protease-9 (caspase-9) and Bcl2-associated X (Bax), as well as repressed tumorigenicity in vivo. PMID: 30308516 Plasma NGAL level measured after return of spontaneous circulation can be an early predictor for the development of acute kidney injury after cardiac arrest. PMID: 29131707 LCN2 might play a role in the cross-talk between bone homeostasis and glucose homeostasis. PMID: 29952418 The serum levels of cystatin C and urine NGAL, urine OPN can be used as a good marker for assessing the renal effect of obesity which can lead end stage renal disease in pediatric population. PMID: 30035656 Measurement of urinary NGAL levels showed an excellent diagnostic performance for discriminating patients with lupus nephritis from systemic lupus erythematosus without nephritis. PMID: 29533691 In ambulatory healthy women, the relationships among serum LCN2 level, bone density, and osteocalcin were confounded by age and serum creatinine. Although LCN2 was positively related with c-terminal telopeptide of type 1 collagen, the correlation was very weak and may not be physiologically relevant. PMID: 29294226 serum NGAL is an excellent marker for the early diagnosis of febrile UTI, with sensitivity and specificity higher than those of urine NGAL. PMID: 28980274 In this study uNGAL failed to predict contrast induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI)and was an inadequate triage tool to guide an early intervention strategy to prevent CI-AKI PMID: 28128223 Study results suggest that stratum corneum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin may be useful as an objective biomarker of changes in acne vulgaris symptoms. PMID: 29473202 Increased serum levels of NGAL were associated with loss of graft function in kidney transplant recipients. PMID: 29528011 In Colombian systemic lupus erythematosus patients, urinary NGAL and MCP-1 in addition to anti-C1q antibodies were useful biomarkers for the identification of renal involvement and discrimination of active lupus nephritis. PMID: 29073812 a mutant form (K3Cys) of endogenous lipocalin 2 (LCN2) is filtered by the kidney but can bypass sites of megalin-dependent recapture, resulting in urinary excretion PMID: 27796299 predictive value of plasma neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (pNGAL) in patients with severe sepsis PMID: 29572184 Results showed the expression levels of NGAL and NGALR significantly downregulated in clear cell renal cell carcinoma samples. PMID: 30138675 The main finding of the present study was that serum NGAL levels paralleled increasing clinical activity of ulcerative colitis evaluated by Mayo score, and it also discriminated different stages of endoscopic severity of this disease. By contrast, only insignificant association of NGAL with endoscopic activity of Crohn's disease was found with no relationships with clinical activity scores. PMID: 29550798 Upon screening of blood mediators in palmoplantar pustular psoriasis patients, LCN2 emerged as being significantly upregulated compared to healthy participants. PMID: 29395573 Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin concentrations in the urine and serum on the second day of intensive care unit admission could be used to predict the development of acute kidney injury in the following three to seven days in the intensive care unit; however, the cystatin C concentration did not have predictive value PMID: 28142264 In non-chronic kidney disease group, plasma NGAL was not associated with any baseline variables including iron indices PMID: 28389813 We conclude that the underexpression of CRABP1 and the overexpression of LCN2 may be useful diagnostic biomarkers in thyroid tumours with questionable malignity, and the overexpression of LCN2 and C1QL1 may be useful for prognostic purposes. PMID: 29321030 Blood lipocalin-2 is a biomarker for adipose tissue inflammation in HIV patients treated with antiretroviral therapy. PMID: 29304747 This study illustrates the temporal regulation of NGAL in plasma and CSF, which potentially is a useful reference for studies measuring NGAL as biomarker in older individuals. PMID: 29082525 Higher levels of NGAL in the acute kidney injury patients were associated with high-dose regimen of colistin. PMID: 29190605 bile LCN2 level is a potential diagnostic marker for cholangiocarcinoma. PMID: 27782193 Serum lipocalin-2 concentrations and mortality of severe traumatic brain injury PMID: 28943289 Plasma NGAL is a useful marker of interstitial lesions in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and a predictor of further kidney worsening in the early CKD stage. PMID: 28397074 In STEMI patients, plasma post-percutaneous coronary intervention NGAL levels were decreased compared with pre-pPCI NGAL levels, even with the administration of potentially nephrotoxic contrast medium. Post-NGAL levels seemed to be superior to pre-NGAL levels for the prediction of 30-day mortality outcome. PMID: 28737526 We found that MISP, KLF10, KLF15, PPP1R18, and RXRbeta proteins could strongly respond to TPA stimulation and activate LCN2 transcriptional expression. MEK, ERK, JNK, and P38 kinases were involved in the LCN2 transactivation. Furthermore, the MEK-ERK signal pathway plays a major role in this biological process but does not involve PKCalpha signaling. PMID: 29098164 Nonrenal conditions and systemic severity should be considered for improved AKI prediction by NGAL and L-FABP as biomarkers. PMID: 27605390 NGAL may have some value in non-proteinuric patients and increased values have been observed in persons at risk for Mesoamerican nephropathy--{REVIEW} PMID: 27771693 Studied the role of urinary neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and albuminuria in the diagnosis of early stage diabetic nephropathy. PMID: 28845433 LCN-2 protein overexpression was positively correlated with MMP-9. PMID: 27339395 The measurement of NGAL appears to predict the occurrence of acute kidney injury after off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting surgery PMID: 28701593 NGAL may have a role in early renal dysfunction even in nonalbuminuric T1D patients PMID: 28620620 Elevated cord blood NGAL concentration seems to be a promising, novel marker, even in subclinical forms of acute kidney injury in asphyxiated neonates. PMID: 27590891 Urinary NGAL levels increase soon after shock wave lithotripsy (SWL). Data suggest that NGAL could be used as an early biomarker of tissue injury after SWL. PMID: 27787615 Results suggest that hippocampal LCN2 upregulation might be a potential pathogenic mechanism leading to further disruption of the hippocampus through neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation in vascular dementia (VaD). Astrocytes seem to be the major source of LCN2 in the hippocampus of rodent models and patients of VaD. Control of hippocampal astrocytic LCN2 expression or activity may be important for neuroprotection in VaD. PMID: 28581123 AUC for day one uNGAL was greater for ICU (AUC=0.85) than in-hospital mortality (AUC=0.74). CONCLUSIONS: Day one uNGAL is a highly accurate predictor of ICU, but less so for in-hospital mortality PMID: 28674715 The urine level of NGAL on the first day of amphotericin B administration was more accurate than serum creatinine in predicting acute kidney injury caused by this agent. PMID: 28575880 Serum neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin level was significantly higher among the total patient cohort and those with sepsis than among the controls, also in patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome without sepsis and patients without systemic inflammatory response syndrome. Plasma level of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin was significantly elevated in nonsurvivors compared with survivors. PMID: 28445241 On PICU day 1, interleukin-18 predicted acute kidney injury with area under the curve=0.82, but neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and liver fatty acid binding protein predicted acute kidney injury with area under the curve of less than or equal to 0.69; on PICU day 2, area under the curve was higher. Interleukin-18 and liver fatty acid binding protein on day 1 predicted prolonged acute kidney injury. PMID: 28430754 Resistin and NGAL correlate with expression of endothelial cell adhesion molecules in sepsis. PMID: 28424824 Direct effects of LCN2 on cardiomyocyte size and number and the consistent associations in experimental and human analyses reveal a central role for LCN2 in the ontogeny of cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure PMID: 28615213 Our results suggest that associated serum levels of proMMP-9, NGAL, proMMP-9/NGAL and NE may reflect the state of systemic inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease related to cigarette smoking. PMID: 28004483

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

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Recombinant Human NGAL Protein (C-6His, E. coli)

Recombinant Human NGAL Protein (C-6His, E. coli)

Product Overview

Target Details

FAQs