Recombinant Human Neutrophil Defensin 1 (DEFA1) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Neutrophil Defensin 1 (DEFA1) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-02835P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Neutrophil Defensin 1 (DEFA1) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P59665
Target Symbol	DEFA1
Synonyms	alpha 1; DEF1; DEF1_HUMAN; DEFA1; DEFA1B; DEFA2; Defensin 1; Defensin; Defensin; alpha 1; Defensin; alpha 1; myeloid related sequence; Defensin; alpha 2; HNP-1; HNP-2; HNP1; HP-1; HP-2; HP1; HP2; MRS; Myeloid related sequence; Neutrophil defensin 1; Neutrophil defensin 2
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	DIPEVVVSLAWDESLAPKHPGSRKNMACYCRIPACIAGERRYGTCIYQGRLWAFCC
Expression Range	1-94aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	37.2 kDa
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Defensin 1 and defensin 2 have antibacterial, fungicide and antiviral activities. Has antimicrobial activity against Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. Defensins are thought to kill microbes by permeabilizing their plasma membrane.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Alpha-defensin family
Database References	HGNC: 2761 OMIM: 125220 KEGG: hsa:1667 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000372136 UniGene: PMID: 29950924 Human Neutrophil Peptide 1 directly binds and neutralizes Exotoxin A of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. PMID: 29738776 Pretreatment of component b with human alpha-defensin-1 prior to addition of component a of Clostridium perfringens iota toxin prevented intoxication implicating that alpha-defensin-1 interacts with the toxin b component to prevent the formation of biologically active iota toxin on cells. PMID: 29635426 DEFA1, DEFA3, and PPBP expression was significantly increased in hyperlipidemia and coronary heart disease patients compared with controls. PMID: 28420383 HNP1 upregulation of cytokine expression in pDCs was inhibited by blockade of NF-kappaB activation or knockdown of IRF1, demonstrating the importance of these two signaling events in HNP1-induced pDC activation. PMID: 27031443 these results demonstrate that HNPs1-3 may be potent inhibitors of ADAMTS13 activity, likely by binding to the central A2 domain of VWF and physically blocking ADAMTS13 binding. PMID: 27207796 Increased alpha-defensin expression is associated with risk of coronary heart disease in hyperlipidemia patients. PMID: 27430968 Levels in sera and CSF were elevated in Alzheimer disease patients compared with controls. PMID: 27082275 the decreased HNP-1 production in the polymorphonuclear phagocytes form elderly individuals might have an important participation in the increased susceptibility to infectious diseases. PMID: 26323500 Increased levels of neutrophil defensin 1, apolipoprotein E, clusterin, and zinc-alpha-2-glycoprotein are present in carotid atherosclerotic plaque secretomes. PMID: 26795031 HNP1 functions as a "molecular brake" on macrophage-driven inflammation, ensuring both pathogen clearance and the resolution of inflammation with minimal bystander tissue damage. PMID: 27044108 HP1 binding to the chromosomal passenger complex becomes particularly important when Aurora B phosphorylates kinetochore targets to eliminate erroneous microtubule attachments PMID: 26954544 data demonstrate that HNP-1 induces IL-8 production not only through P2Y6, but also through additional P2 receptors via an ERK1/2-dependent mechanism in intestinal epithelial cells. PMID: 25816245 Results showed that NO and NaNO2 can be considered as factors regulating the chemoattractant properties of defensin HNP1 in neutrophils PMID: 25772994 Overexpression of DEFA1 retained independent prognostic significance for B-ALL outcome. PMID: 25802479 The expression of alpha-defensins 1, 2 and 3 is up-regulated in hypercholesteremia. PMID: 25300997 Defensins promote the differentiation into activated CD91(bright) dendritic cells. PMID: 25351513 Elevated DEFA1 levels in diabetes are independent of DEFA1 copy numbers. PMID: 25083086 The AD-1 assay offers another test with high sensitivity and specificity for diagnosing a prosthetic joint infection. PMID: 25256621 The concentrations of LL37, alpha-1, beta-1 and beta-2 defensins were determined by ELISA. Serum AMPs did not change during attacks and did not correlate with acute phase reactants. PMID: 24747281 DEFA1 encodes an antibacterial peptide that is bacteriocidal against S. aureus, E. coli, and P. aeruginosa. PMID: 2997278 Side chain hydrophobicity is the critical factor that determines HNP1 protein binding potential. PMID: 24236072 A decrease in salivary HNP 1-3 levels might be a biological factor for predisposition to oral ulcers in patients with Behcet disease and oral infection in healthy patients. PMID: 22861387 HNP-1 enhances hepatic fibrosis in fatty liver by inducing hepatic stellate cell proliferation. PMID: 23682724 -defensin 1 increases EFS-induced contractions of rat detrusor muscles PMID: 23542712 sub-inhibitory doses of HNP-1 potently enhance the activity of a number of anti-gp41 antibodies and peptide inhibitors PMID: 23785290 Human defensin alpha-1 is an innate immune molecule that is secreted by HCT116 cells in response to Trypanosoma cruzi infection, inhibits Trypanosoma cruzi motility, and plays an important role in reducing cellular infection. PMID: 23980110 Results indicate that the gene expression of DEFA 1/3 and 4 was significantly increased in all tumours - except for a significant decrease of DEFA 4 gene expression in pleomorphic adenomas. PMID: 23050799 This study suggests that HNPs 1-3 promote tumor invasion and are potential indicators of disease progression in patients with bladder cancer. PMID: 23011762 Invariant gly residue is important for alpha-defensin folding, dimerization PMID: 22496447 alpha-Defensin (DEFA1) was the most differentially overexpressed gene in this sample and may be related to the onset of Bell's palsy and Ramsay Hunt Syndrome. PMID: 22737966 expressional level of HNPs 1,2 and 3 were significantly higher and their distributions overlapped in cancerous tissues of gastric cancer patients PMID: 22297599 Dimerization contributes to some but not all of the activities of HNP1. PMID: 22270360 A high DEFA1 gene CN was significantly associated with intestinal involvement in BD patients. PMID: 22219625 Directly isolated dendritic cells secrete alpha-defensins 1-3; E2 inhibits this secretion. Same trend is observed in myeloid dendritic cells isolated from pregnant women in their first trimester (low plasma E2) and third trimester (high plasma E2). PMID: 21861873 Increased levels of human neutrophil peptides 1, 2, and 3 in peritoneal fluid of patients with endometriosis: association with neutrophils, T cells and IL-8. PMID: 21831449 Human granulocyte precursors transfected with siRNA against serglycin displayed reduced capability to retain fully processed HNP-1. PMID: 21849484 HNP1-3 concentrations in patients with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis were significantly lower than in drug-susceptible pulmonary TB and healthy controls PMID: 21333105 Changes in the expression pattern of DEFA 1/3 seem to be involved in the development of gingival irritation fibromas, whereas chronic inflammation might be of less importance. PMID: 21187770 alpha-defensins 1-3 in T cells from patients with SJS/TEN may be involved in the etiopathology of these life-threatening diseases induced by medications. PMID: 20880148 defensin-alpha(1)is a biologically active peptide exhibiting a dose-dependent trypanocidal effect in vitro against trypomastigotes and amastigotes of Trypanosoma cruzi line Tulahuen PMID: 21165432 HNP-1 (alpha), HBD-2 (beta) and RTD-1 (theta) have anti-HIV-1 activity, but different mechanisms of action PMID: 20305815 HNP-1 mainly enhanced the expression of IL-8 in epithelial cells, whereas it enhanced transforming growth factor-beta and vascular endothelial growth factor expressions in lung fibroblasts. PMID: 20715983 Our report of DEFA1-3 expression by human omental adipocytes adds to the role of adipocytes in the primary defense against bacterial infection. PMID: 20424487 Data show that high production of alpha-defensins1-3 by immature DCs appears as a host protective factor against progression of HIV-1 infection, suggesting potential diagnostic, therapeutic and preventive implications. PMID: 20195543 The total amount of gingival crevicular fluid human neutrophil peptides 1 and 2 were not different among periodontitis, gingivitis, and health control groups; there was no correlation with clinical periodontal parameters. PMID: 20151808 HNP1 binds to the cell wall precursor lipid II and reduction of lipid II levels in the bacterial membrane significantly reduces bacterial killing. PMID: 20214904 Combining the distance constraints from the 3d experiment and the chemical-shift-derived torsion angles, we obtained a de novo high-resolution NMR structure of HNP-1 PMID: 19963419 HNP1 mediates host immune responses to tumors in situ through the recruitment and subsequent activation of immature dendritic cells PMID: 19861439 The solid-state NMR structure of HNP-1 has close similarity to the crystal structures of the HNP family, with the exception of the loop region between the first and second beta-strands. PMID: 20097206

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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