Recombinant Human Napsin-A (NAPSA) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Napsin-A (NAPSA) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-04360P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Based on the SEQUEST from database of E.coli host and target protein, the LC-MS/MS Analysis result of this product could indicate that this peptide derived from E.coli-expressed Homo sapiens (Human) NAPSA .

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Napsin-A (NAPSA) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	O96009
Target Symbol	NAPSA
Synonyms	Asp 4; ASP4; Aspartyl protease 4; KAP; Kdap; Kidney derived aspartic protease like protein; NAP1; NAPA; Napsa; NAPSA_HUMAN; Napsin 1; napsin A aspartic peptidase; Napsin A precursor; Napsin-1; Napsin-A; Pronapsin A; SNAPA; TA01/TA02
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	KPIFVPLSNYRDVQYFGEIGLGTPPQNFTVAFDTGSSNLWVPSRRCHFFSVPCWLHHRFDPKASSSFQANGTKFAIQYGTGRVDGILSEDKLTIGGIKGASVIFGEALWEPSLVFAFAHFDGILGLGFPILSVEGVRPPMDVLVEQGLLDKPVFSFYLNRDPEEPDGGELVLGGSDPAHYIPPLTFVPVTVPAYWQIHMERVKVGPGLTLCAKGCAAILDTGTSLITGPTEEIRALHAAIGGIPLLAGEYIILCSEIPKLPAVSFLLGGVWFNLTAHDYVIQTTRNGVRLCLSGFQALDVPPPAGPFWILGDVFLGTYVAVFDRGDMKSSARVGLARARTRGADLGWGETAQAQFPG
Expression Range	64-420aa
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	42.5kDa
Research Area	Cell Biology
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	May be involved in processing of pneumocyte surfactant precursors.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Peptidase A1 family
Database References	HGNC: 13395 OMIM: 605631 KEGG: hsa:9476 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000253719 UniGene: PMID: 29845258 Although napsin A is infrequently expressed in endometrial carcinomas, positive results of napsin A immunostaining in endometrial neoplasms might support the diagnosis of clear cell carcinoma when the pathologic differential diagnosis includes other histologic subtypes PMID: 26945446 it may be useful to combine NAPA and TTF-1 for increased sensitivity in lung cancer diagnostics. There is no substantial difference between monoclonal and polyclonal p40 and between different NAPA clones, whereas there is a difference between the TTF-1 clones 8G7G3/1 and SPT24 PMID: 26447895 To the best of our knowledge, expression of monoclonal Napsin A in lymphomas has never been reported. ALK-DLBCL should be considered in the differential diagnosis when evaluating a Napsin A-positive tumor of poorly differentiated morphology and of unknown primary PMID: 26808134 It is important for pathologists to be aware that breast carcinomas with apocrine features can express napsin A. PMID: 26842346 High Napsin A expression is associated with adenocarcinoma in non-small cell lung carcinoma. PMID: 27412420 Napsin-A, and Desmocollin-3 were sensitive and specific markers for the diagnosis of AC and SCC, respectively. Both markers allowed classification of 54/60 cases into either AC or SCC. PMID: 26710975 napsin A is aberrantly expressed in a subset of lymphomas PMID: 26400099 CK7, TTF-1 and napsin A are predominantly expressed in primary lung adenocarcinoma patients, with CDX-2 being inconsistently expressed. PMID: 26469326 Combining HNF-1beta and napsin A may distinguish clear cell carcinoma from high-grade serous carcinoma, endometrioid adenocarcinoma and metastatic Krukenberg tumors. PMID: 26339401 napsin A is another sensitive and specific marker for distinguishing ovarian clear cell tumors (especially adenocarcinomas) from other ovarian tumors PMID: 24721826 Napsin A is expressed in a broad spectrum of renal neoplasms. PMID: 25889632 Low expression levels of NAPSA is associated with lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 25982999 In diagnosis of ovarian clear cell carcinoma, Napsin A is specific but of intermediate sensitivity. PMID: 25551297 Napsin A is frequently expressed in ovarian and endometrial clear cell carcinomas. PMID: 25971546 Data indicate that polyclonal but not monoclonal napsin A antibody has a virtually universal nonspecific labeling in mucinous adenocarcinomas of various sites. PMID: 25521803 These data suggest that napsin A may be a useful marker for identifying metastatic adenocarcinomas of pulmonary origin PMID: 24479710 Our study showed that napsin A is an extremely sensitive (100%) marker of ovarian clear cell carcinomas PMID: 25389337 Napsin A as a marker of clear cell ovarian carcinoma. PMID: 24191930 PAX2 and napsin A have high specificity but low sensitivity and only have limited value in the differential diagnosis of mesotheliomas and renal cell carcinomas PMID: 23503645 TTF-1 is more sensitive than napsin for detection of lung sarcomatoid carcinoma, and no cases were positive for napsin but negative for TTF-1 PMID: 24331839 Napsin A is a sensitive and specific biomarker of the clear cell histotype in endometrial carcinomas and accordingly may have diagnostic utility in their histotyping. PMID: 24145649 24 cases each of pulmonary and esophageal adenocarcinoma were stained with TTF-1, napsin A, CDX2, 34betaE12, N-cadherin, and IMP3 in an attempt to find an optimal panel for differentiation. IMP3, CDX2, and N-cadherin are superior to either TTF-1 or napsin A. PMID: 23899066 Napsin-A seems to be a useful marker in classifying primary pulmonary neoplasm as adenocarcinomas. PMID: 22914608 A minority of anaplastic and poorly differentiated micropapillary pattern thyroid carcinomas are napsin A positive. PMID: 23681073 Napsin B was duplicated from napsin A during the early stages of primate evolution, and the subsequent loss of napsin B function during primate evolution reflected ongoing human-specific napsin B pseudogenization PMID: 23333608 Mucin-producing neoplasms of the lung infrequently express napsin A, suggesting that immunohistochemical assessment of napsin A may have limited diagnostic usefulness for distinguishing primary and metastatic mucinous adenocarcinomas involving the lung. PMID: 23355200 investigation of expression of NAPSA (a potential diagnostic marker) in lungs/respiratory mucosa of subjects with pulmonary sclerosing hemangioma PMID: 23194051 a useful immunohistochemical marker for differentiation of lung squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma from other subtypes PMID: 22495379 absence of napsin A was an independent prognostic factor for reduced survival time in lung adenocarcinoma PMID: 22418245 Nap-A was more specific than thyroid transcription factor 1 for primary lung adenocarcinoma versus all tumors, excluding kidney, independent of tumor type PMID: 22288963 None of the 90 squamous cell carcinomas of the lung exhibited napsin A positivity in the neoplastic cells; however, strong napsin A reactivity was observed in hyperplastic type II pneumocytes and in intra-alveolar macrophages entrapped within the tumor. PMID: 22198009 napsin A is a useful marker that can assist in the diagnosis of both lung adenocarcinomas and renal cell carcinomas[review] PMID: 22156835 in combination with thyroid transcription factor-1-positive immunostaining helps in differentiating primary lung adenocarcinoma from metastatic carcinoma in the lung PMID: 21464700 Although TTF-1 had a higher sensitivity, napsin-A was useful as a surrogate marker when encountering a poorly differentiated lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 20830690 Pronapsin A gene expression in normal and malignant human lung and mononuclear blood cells PMID: 12151090 Napsin is a promising marker for the diagnosis of primary lung adenocarcinoma. PMID: 12698189 role in the N- and C-terminal processing of pro-surfactant protein-B in type-II pneumocytes PMID: 13129928 NAPSA suppresses tumor growth independent of its catalytic activity. PMID: 18195689 A general defect in napsin A or cathepsin H expression or activity was not the specific cause for abnormal surfactant accumulation in juvenile pulmonary alveolar proteinosis PMID: 18216060 The combined use of napsin A and thyroid transcription factor-1 results in improved sensitivity and specificity for identifying pulmonary adenocarcinoma in primary lung tumors and in a metastatic setting. PMID: 19740516

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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