Recombinant Human Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M2 (CHRM2) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M2 (CHRM2) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-00812P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Muscarinic Acetylcholine Receptor M2 (CHRM2) Protein (His) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P08172
Target Symbol	CHRM2
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His
Target Protein Sequence	SRASKSRIKKDKKEPVANQDPVSPSLVQGRIVKPNNNNMPSSDDGLEHNKIQNGKAPRDPVTENCVQGEEKESSNDSTSVSAVASNMRDDEITQDENTVSTSLGHSKDENSKQTCIRIGTKTPKSDSCTPTNTTVEVVGSSGQNGDEKQNIVARKIVKMTKQPAKKKPPPSREKKVTR
Expression Range	210-387aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	23.4 kDa
Research Area	Neuroscience
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	The muscarinic acetylcholine receptor mediates various cellular responses, including inhibition of adenylate cyclase, breakdown of phosphoinositides and modulation of potassium channels through the action of G proteins. Primary transducing effect is adenylate cyclase inhibition. Signaling promotes phospholipase C activity, leading to the release of inositol trisphosphate (IP3); this then triggers calcium ion release into the cytosol.
Subcellular Location	Cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Cell junction, synapse, postsynaptic cell membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	G-protein coupled receptor 1 family, Muscarinic acetylcholine receptor subfamily, CHRM2 sub-subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 1951 OMIM: 103780 KEGG: hsa:1129 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000319984 UniGene: PMID: 29249607 Ligation of the identical phosphopeptide onto the beta2AR, the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 2 and the mu-opioid receptor reveals that the ability of beta-arrestin1 to enhance agonist binding relative to G protein differs substantially among receptors. PMID: 29581292 Data suggests that RBM24 binds to coding region of CHRM2 to regulate mRNA stability in cardiomyocytes; RBM24appears to drive changes in alternative splicing and in production of alternative transcript isoforms. (RBM24 = RNA binding motif protein-24; CHRM2 = cholinergic receptor muscarinic 2) PMID: 29104163 T allele carrying status (GT and TT) [rs1824024] of muscarinic cholinergic receptor 2 (CHRM2) may be associated with delirium tremens. PMID: 29478862 Two single nucleotide polymorphisms in CHRM2 gene, rs2061174 and rs6948054, showed significant difference in genotype distribution between medical and fine arts students (p<0.05). The rs2061174 showed significant at p = 0.001, OR and 95% CI were 3.78 (2.00-7.14), whereas the rs6948054 was significant at p = 0.012, OR and 95% CI were 2.50 (1.32-4.77). PMID: 29906045 complex between M2R and holo-Gi1 is an octamer comprising four copies of each, and that activation is accompanied by a decrease in the oligomeric size of Gi1 PMID: 27494760 Graded activation and free energy landscapes of a muscarinic G-protein-coupled M2 receptor has been reported. PMID: 27791003 With final functional experiments on six selected compounds, we confirmed four of them as new negative allosteric modulators (NAMs) and one as positive allosteric modulator of agonist-mediated response at the M2 mAChR PMID: 27601651 Results show reduced autonomic nervous system (ANS) activity in association with the CHRM2 rs8191992 polymorphism in patients with schizophrenia on high-dose antipsychotics. CHRM2 polymorphisms may play an important role in ANS activity in patients with schizophrenia. PMID: 27923235 Data suggest that levels of CHRM2 are lower in Brodmann's area 24 from subjects with mood disorders, and it is possible that signalling by that receptor is also less in this cortical region; increasing levels of CHRM2 may be involved in the mechanisms of action of mood stabilisers and tricyclic antidepressants PMID: 26475745 These results suggest that the M2 receptors may represent a new interesting therapeutic tool to counteract glioblastoma cancer stem cell growth and survival. PMID: 26033491 Report a significant association between CHRM2 (rs1824024) polymorphism and disease severity, lower lung function test values, frequent exacerbations, and poor response to anti-cholinergic drugs in COPD patients. PMID: 26633752 Inactivation of M2 AChR/NF-kappaB signaling axis reverses epithelial-mesenchymal transition and suppresses migration and invasion in non-small cell lung cancer. PMID: 26336823 CHRM2 gene expression was dysregulated in the anterior cingulate of bipolar patients. PMID: 26238605 Higher serum anti-M2-R and anti-beta1-R levels are associated with lone paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. PMID: 25351416 This study demonstrated that CD4+ and CD8+ T cells expressed M2 and M4 muscarinic receptors which density were significantly increased in asthmatic children in comparison with controls. PMID: 26025056 The expressed the fusion proteins of the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor M2 subtype with a maltose-binding protein and various G protein alpha subunits in Escherichia coli. PMID: 24881046 High Muscarinic Receptor M2 expression is associated with peripartum cardiomyopathy. PMID: 24466231 It was the M(2) receptor pharmacology. PMID: 24807965 [(3)H]LY2119620 to probe specifically the human M2 and M4 muscarinic receptor allosteric binding sites. PMID: 24807966 The present report found an association between genetic variation of the CHRM2 rs1824024 SNP in the 8-12 year old group and not in the older age groups. PMID: 23747232 This novel study demonstrated for the first time a full-scale screening of the proteomics research by CHRM2-C722G mutation and profiled 102 changed proteins, of which, eight might be critical in cardiac dysfunction PMID: 23743182 Activation occurs by formation of a Tyr206-Tyr440 hydrogen bond and 6A outward tilting of the cytoplasmic end of transmembrane alpha-helix 6, preceded by relocation of Trp400 toward Phe195 and Val199 and flipping of Tyr430 away from the ligand-binding cavity. PMID: 23781107 Muscarinic M2 receptor stimulation enhances TGF-beta1-induced airway smooth muscle cell proliferation. PMID: 23449734 The allosteric vestibule of CHRM2 controls G-protein coupling. PMID: 22948826 These data suggest a role for M2 muscarinic receptors in the inhibition of glioma cell proliferation and the possibility of exploiting these receptors as new promising tools for glioblastoma therapy. PMID: 22575825 Mutations in an allosteric binding pocket in the M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor introduces stimulus bias in response to atypical ligands. PMID: 22965232 Exposure to the cholinergic agonist carbachol induced a concentration-dependent increase in cell proliferation rate. This effect was mainly mediated by the receptor subtypes M3 and M2. PMID: 22610841 Identification of functionally active autoantibodies to CHRM2 in serum samples from complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) patients supports an autoimmune pathogenesis of CRPS. PMID: 21816540 Findings indicate that relative to a normative "lower risk" externalizing trajectory, likelihood of membership in two "higher risk" trajectories increased with each additional copy of the minor allelic variant at CHRM2. PMID: 21883161 Xray structure of the antagonist-bound human M2 receptor, the first human acetylcholine receptor to be characterized structurally PMID: 22278061 Influenza infection significantly increased TNF-alpha release from isolated epithelial cells, sufficient to decrease M receptors in neuroblastoma cells. PMID: 21457223 SNP rs1455858 associated with adolescent substance abuse and temperamental risk factors PMID: 21494862 association of SNPs with adolescent externalizing behavior and relation to parental monitoring PMID: 21441226 one SNP (with identifier rs324650, in which the ancestral allele adenine (A) is replaced with one or two copies of thymine (T), showed a significant allelic effect on V(T) in the pregenual and subgenual anterior cingulate cortices in the direction AA PMID: 20351719 muscarinic acetylcholine function might be related not with alcohol dependence itself but with the severity of alcohol dependence in Korean population PMID: 21176104 a variant in the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor 2 gene (CHRM2) may have a role in nicotine addiction PMID: 19644963 Distribution of M2 receptors in human colon. PMID: 20146726 analysis of the oligomeric size of the m2 muscarinic receptor in live cells PMID: 20304928 Data suggest that the functional selectivity of the M2 muscarinic receptor for such agents may arise from a bitopic mechanism. PMID: 20051519 trafficking of M2 muscarinic acetylcholine receptor to clathrin-derived early endosomes following clathrin-independent endocytosis PMID: 12093817 Results are consistent with a gender-specific role of the CHRM2 gene in depression in women. PMID: 12116189 There is a higher concentration of muscarinic-2 receptors in the brain of aging subjects with an apolipoprotein E-epsilon4 allele. PMID: 12774299 molecular model of orthosteric and allosteric binding sites PMID: 12825791 Data characterize the 5' untranslated region of the CHRM2 gene as expressed in human airway smooth muscle (HASM) cells. PMID: 14512373 Whereas normal detrusor contractions are mediated by the M(3) receptor subtype, in patients with neurogenic bladder dysfunction as well as certain organ transplant donors, contractions can be mediated by the M(2) muscarinic receptor subtype. PMID: 14751843 Linkage and linkage disequilibrium between frontal theta band, visual evoked brain potentials and single nucleotide polymorphism(SNP) from CHRM2 on chromosome 7. Linkage disequilibrium between CHRM2 SNPs and parietal delta band visual evoked potentials. PMID: 15210286 Extracts of M2 muscarinic receptor from Sf9 cells therefore contain aggregates that are at least trimeric, and the levels detected point to the existence of larger complexes. The data also suggest that the oligomers coexist with a population of monomers PMID: 15255931 variations in the CHRM2 gene is associated with alcohol dependence, drug dependence and affective disorders PMID: 16000316 M2 acetylcholine receptor down-regulation in brains with Alzheimer's disease(AD) affects expression of several genes and proteins with major functions in the pathology of AD, including beta-secretase BACE1 and several modulators of tau protein. PMID: 16181410

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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