Recombinant Human IGF-II Protein

Name: Recombinant Human IGF-II Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1690NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1690NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Long Insulin-Like Growth Factor II is produced by our E.coli expression system and the target gene encoding Ala25-Glu91 is expressed.
Accession	P01344
Synonym	Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; IGF-II; Somatomedin-A; IGF2; PP1446
Gene Background	Insulin-Like Growth Factor II (IGF2) belongs to the insulin family of polypeptide growth factors that is involved in development and growth. Members of this family are structurally homologous to proinsulin, and share higher sequence identity. IGF2 is expressed only from the paternally inherited allele and believed to be secreted by the liver and to circulate in the blood. IGF2 possess growth-promoting activity and can stimulate the proliferation and survival of various cell types including muscle, bone, and cartilage tissue in vitro. IGF2 is influenced by placental lactogen and may play a role in fetal development.
Molecular Mass	8.91 KDa
Apmol Mass	11 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Lyophilized from a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Glycine-HCl, 4% Sucrose, 4% Mannitol, 0.02% Tween 80 (w/v), pH3.0.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution	Always centrifuge tubes before opening.Do not mix by vortex or pipetting.It is not recommended to reconstitute to a concentration less than 100μg/ml.Dissolve the lyophilized protein in distilled water.Please aliquot the reconstituted solution to minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Storage	Lyophilized protein should be stored at ≤ -20°C, stable for one year after receipt.Reconstituted protein solution can be stored at 2-8°C for 2-7 days.Aliquots of reconstituted samples are stable at ≤ -20°C for 3 months.
Shipping	The product is shipped at ambient temperature.Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	The insulin-like growth factors possess growth-promoting activity. Major fetal growth hormone in mammals. Plays a key role in regulating fetoplacental development. IGF2 is influenced by placental lactogen. Also involved in tissue differentiation. In adults, involved in glucose metabolism in adipose tissue, skeletal muscle and liver (Probable). Acts as a ligand for integrin which is required for IGF2 signaling. Positively regulates myogenic transcription factor MYOD1 function by facilitating the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators, thereby controlling muscle terminal differentiation. Inhibits myoblast differentiation and modulates metabolism via increasing the mitochondrial respiration rate.; Preptin undergoes glucose-mediated co-secretion with insulin, and acts as physiological amplifier of glucose-mediated insulin secretion. Exhibits osteogenic properties by increasing osteoblast mitogenic activity through phosphoactivation of MAPK1 and MAPK3.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Insulin family
Database References	HGNC: 5466 OMIM: 147470 KEGG: hsa:3481 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000391826 UniGene: PMID: 29134283 Analysis of patient serum samples showed that concurrent elevation of insulin like growth factor 2 (IGF2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels may serve as a prognostic biomarker for oesophageal cancer. PMID: 28186102 Our results revealed that IGF-II promotes cell proliferation and EMT in HCC cells. PMID: 29970663 Serum preptin levels were significantly higher in women with polycystic ovary syndrome compared with controls. PMID: 29374985 infants with intrauterine growth restriction had higher serum levels of IGF2 if they had the A/G genotype at the ApaI restriction fragment length polymorphism and higher values of IGF2R if they had the A/A genotype PMID: 28460554 Upregulation of IGF-II expression is associated with ovarian cancer. PMID: 28829218 Data suggest that high IGF2 DMR methylation status would be a phenomenon that is observed with the progression of gastric cancer (GC) toward more aggressive features, supporting their potential utility as a biomarker in GC patients. PMID: 28871451 Data suggest that expression of CDKN1C and IGF2 is significantly up-regulated in placenta after assisted reproductive technology; DNA methylation was significantly down-regulated in DMR of CDKN1C and up-regulated in DMR of IGF2. (CDKN1C = cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor-1C; IGF2 = insulin like growth factor 2; DMR = differential methylation regions) PMID: 29277274 The expression of miR-3941 was significantly down-regulated in acute pneumonia; IGF2 was confirmed as a direct target gene of miR-3941. PMID: 29328418 Our data reveal that vigilin is essential for maintenance of imprinting of IGF2 gene via functional interaction between KH1-7 domains of vigilin and zinc-finger domains of CTCF. PMID: 29157910 Low IGF-II serum levels were associated with Pancreatic Cancer. PMID: 28681154 Rapamycin-independent IGF2 expression in Tsc2-null mouse embryo fibroblasts and human lymphangioleiomyomatosis cells. PMID: 29758070 IGF2 rs680 polymorphism may have a role in endurance among Israeli athletes PMID: 29107196 low methylation of the Igf2 gene promoter region may promote the expression of Igf2 and miR4835p; this, in turn, induces the degradation of miR4835p target genes, and leads to the upregulation of oncogenes and the downregulation of tumor suppressors, which promotes the development of ESCC. PMID: 29207103 Results found IGF2 as a direct target gene of miR615 and restoring its expression reverses the inhibitory effects of miR615 in human esophageal squamous cell carcinoma cell motility. PMID: 29115555 A common indel variant in the 3'UTR of the IGF2 gene was associated with the risk of impaired renal function in an elderly population. PMID: 29889555 High molecular weight IGF-2 was associated with hypoglycemia in Recurrent Renal Cell Carcinoma. PMID: 24711554 Impairment of IGF2 gene expression in prostate cancer is triggered by epigenetic dysregulation of IGF2-DMR0 and its interaction with KLF4 PMID: 29017567 HMGA1P7 mRNA sustains the H19 and Igf2 overexpression by acting as miRNA decoy. PMID: 27874091 Data suggest that blocking insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) is a potential therapeutic mechanism for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). PMID: 29413895 IGF2 expression varies among mesenchymal stem cells derived from amniotic fluid, amnion, endometrium, and Wharton's jelly during culture period. PMID: 28629288 Results showed that IGF-2 was persistently expressed in oculomotor neurons in health and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) and thus could play a role in oculomotor resistance in this disease. PMID: 27180807 Studies indicate that miR-663b is epigenetically repressed by long non-coding RNA HOTAIR and exerts its tumor-suppressive function via targeting insulin-like growth factor 2 (IGF2) in pancreatic cancer. PMID: 27895308 IGF-II-mediated loss of E-cadherin is central in developing hepatomegaly in mice and abnormal cell growth in the hepatoma cell line PMID: 27486970 Aberrant IGF2 imprinting may be an intrinsic epigenetic control mechanism that enhances stemness, self-renewal and chemo/radiotherapy resistance in cancer stem cells. PMID: 27275535 DNMT1-mediated transcriptional upregulation of IGF2 is a novel mechanism of resistance to HDIs, highlighting the role of epigenetic deregulation of IGF2 in HDI resistance and the potential value of the H19/IGF2 ICR hypermethylation and DNMT1 expression as predictive biomarkers in HDI-based anticancer therapies. PMID: 27582487 Human H19/Igf2 imprinting control regions can functionally replace mouse H19/Igf2 imprinting control regions on the maternal allele. PMID: 27621468 IGF2 may exert its oncofunction, at least partly, through its parasitic miR-483 which suppressed DLC-1 in colorectal cancer cells. PMID: 27366946 We report here the first deletions of ICR1 associated with hypomethylation of the IGF2/H19 domain leading to SRS. PMID: 27701793 Methylation patterns of IGF2 regulatory regions can discriminate adrenocortical carcinomas from adrenocortical adenomas with high diagnostic accuracy. PMID: 27535174 IGF-II siRNA inactivates the FAK/PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and further reduces cell proliferation, N-ras and C-myc levels in SMMC-7721 cells. PMID: 27768959 Study shows impact of folic acid intake during pregnancy on genomic imprinting of IGF2/H19 and 1-carbon metabolism PMID: 28778973 produced by pericentral hepatocytes to promote hepatocyte proliferation and repair tissue damage in the setting of chronic liver injury PMID: 28653763 These findings suggest that reducing IGF2 isoform 2 expression in relevant tissues has potential as a new therapeutic strategy for type 2 diabetes, even beyond the Latin American population, with no major adverse effects on health or reproduction. PMID: 28838971 this is the first report of IGF2/H19 domain triplication associated with BWS or SRS and the second report of a maternal amplification of this region in a patient with clinical features of SRS. This study further supports the hypotheses that the amplification of the H19/IGF2 region on the maternal chromosome can lead to an SRS phenotype. PMID: 27612309 stroma-induced IGF2 promotes colon cancer progression in a paracrine and autocrine manner and propose IGF2 as potential target for tumor stroma cotargeting strategies. PMID: 28534511 We identified vascular INSR expression as a potential biomarker for progression in bladder cancer. The data suggest that IGF-2/INSR mediated paracrine crosstalk between bladder cancer cells and endothelial cells is functionally involved in tumour angiogenesis and may thus represent a new therapeutic target. PMID: 28295307 Methylation of IGF2AS is altered 20 years after preterm birth at VLBW. Altered methylation may be a mechanism of later increased disease risk but more data are needed to indicate causality PMID: 23840686 Prenatal 'unhealthy diet' was positively associated with IGF2 methylation at birth, and with ADHD and conduct disorder. PMID: 27535767 High IGF2 expression is associated with breast cancer. PMID: 27546618 IGF2 and insulin receptor A are important for uterine leiomyoma stem cell proliferation and may represent paracrine signaling between leiomyoma cell types. PMID: 28324020 IGF2 overexpression is associated with cancer. PMID: 27869826 Long non-coding RNA 91H is overexpressed in breast cancer and 91H-induced epigenetic modifications on H19/IGF2 locus suggest that 91H may play essential role in breast cancer development. PMID: 27780718 our results suggest that IGF2 via AKT1 contributes to non-canonical wnt signaling. PMID: 26984550 Elevated insulin-like growth factor 2 expression is associated with Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome. PMID: 27650505 Here we present IGF2, which is re-expressed through epigenetic mechanisms, as the first actionable validated epi-driver in hepatocellular carcinoma. PMID: 27614046 results demonstrate that the H19-Igf2 axis is negatively regulated by CTCF-PHB1 cooperation and that H19 is involved in modulating the growth-suppressive effect of PHB1 in the liver. PMID: 27687727 Compared with obstructive azoospermia (OA) as normal control, our results suggest that miR-210 was significantly up-regulated in testis of patients with non-obstructive azoospermia (P<0.05), and IGF2 was down-regulated, but without a significant difference. PMID: 27535712 The identification of the INS-IGF2 read-through transcript specifically in tumor tissue but not in normal pancreatic tissue suggests that high expression of INS-IGF2 could be neoplasiaspecific PMID: 27667266 DNA methylation of imprinted loci of IGF2 is not affected in Parkinson's disease patients. PMID: 28081695

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.