Recombinant Human IKK beta Protein

Name: Recombinant Human IKK beta Protein
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-0336SG
Availability: InStock

Collections: Other recombinant proteins, Recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Tag	GST
Host Species	Human
Accession	NM_001556
Synonym	IKK2, IKBKB, IKKB, NFKBIKB, FLJ40509, IKK-beta, MGC131801
Background	IKKbeta is a serine/threonine protein kinase that phosphorylates the I-kappa-B protein which is an inhibitor of the transcription factor NF-kappa-B complex. Phosphorylation of I-kappa-B protein triggers the degradation of the inhibitor via the ubiquitination pathway, thereby activating NF-kappa-B complex. The activity of IKKbeta is stimulated by TNF and IL1 and IKKbeta forms a heterodimer that interacts with NIK (1). Overexpression of catalytically inactive IKKbeta blocks cytokine-induced NF-kappa-B activation. Aspirin and sodium salicylate can specifically inhibit IKKbeta activity in vitro and in vivo by binding to IKKbeta to reduce ATP binding (2).
Description	Recombinant human IKKbeta (1-662) was produced by baculovirus in Sf9 insect cells, fused with a GST tag at N-terminus. This protein is purified with our unique purification methods.
Source	Sf9 insect cells
AA Sequence	1-662
Molecular Weight	~105 kDa
Purity	For specific purity information on a given lot, see related COA.
Endotoxin	< 1.0 EU per μg of the protein as determined by the LAL method
Bioactivity	Active
Formulation	Recombinant protein is supplied in 50mM Tris-HCl, pH 7.5, 50mM NaCl, 10mM Glutathione, 0.25mM DTT, 0.1mM EDTA, 0.1mM PMSF and 25% glycerol.
Stability	The recombinant protein is stable for up to 12 months at -70°C
Usage	For Research Use Only
Storage	Recombinant Human IKK beta Protein should be stored should be stored at < -70°C. It is recommended that the protein be aliquoted for optimal storage. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles.

Target Details

Target Function	Serine kinase that plays an essential role in the NF-kappa-B signaling pathway which is activated by multiple stimuli such as inflammatory cytokines, bacterial or viral products, DNA damages or other cellular stresses. Acts as part of the canonical IKK complex in the conventional pathway of NF-kappa-B activation. Phosphorylates inhibitors of NF-kappa-B on 2 critical serine residues. These modifications allow polyubiquitination of the inhibitors and subsequent degradation by the proteasome. In turn, free NF-kappa-B is translocated into the nucleus and activates the transcription of hundreds of genes involved in immune response, growth control, or protection against apoptosis. In addition to the NF-kappa-B inhibitors, phosphorylates several other components of the signaling pathway including NEMO/IKBKG, NF-kappa-B subunits RELA and NFKB1, as well as IKK-related kinases TBK1 and IKBKE. IKK-related kinase phosphorylations may prevent the overproduction of inflammatory mediators since they exert a negative regulation on canonical IKKs. Phosphorylates FOXO3, mediating the TNF-dependent inactivation of this pro-apoptotic transcription factor. Also phosphorylates other substrates including NCOA3, BCL10 and IRS1. Within the nucleus, acts as an adapter protein for NFKBIA degradation in UV-induced NF-kappa-B activation. Phosphorylates RIPK1 at 'Ser-25' which represses its kinase activity and consequently prevents TNF-mediated RIPK1-dependent cell death. Phosphorylates the C-terminus of IRF5, stimulating IRF5 homodimerization and translocation into the nucleus.
Subcellular Location	Cytoplasm. Nucleus. Membrane raft.
Protein Families	Protein kinase superfamily, Ser/Thr protein kinase family, I-kappa-B kinase subfamily
Database References	HGNC: 5960 OMIM: 603258 KEGG: hsa:3551 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000430684 UniGene: Hs.597664
Associated Diseases	Immunodeficiency 15 (IMD15)
Tissue Specificity	Highly expressed in heart, placenta, skeletal muscle, kidney, pancreas, spleen, thymus, prostate, testis and peripheral blood.

Gene Functions References

The results demonstrate that the inhibition of miR-16 renders resistance to paclitaxel in vitro and in vivo by targeting IKBKB via NF-kappa B signaling pathway. PMID: 29935185
Expression of TAp63, IKKbeta and XBP1s is also increased in livers of obese patients with liver steatosis. PMID: 28480888
IKK2 and NF-kappaB are related to poor prognosis and are potential predictors of response to platinum-based chemotherapy in high grade serous carcinoma PMID: 29254797
These studies identify functional EREs in the IKKB promoter and identify IKKB as an ERalpha and NSC35446.HCl-regulated gene, and they suggest that NF-kappaB and IKKB, which were previously linked to antiestrogen resistance, are targets for NSC35446.HCl in reversing antiestrogen resistance. PMID: 28808806
Curcumin suppressed CXCL5 expression by direct inhibition of IKKbeta phosphorylation, and inhibition of p38 MAPK via induction of negative regulator MKP-1. PMID: 27538525
This study demonstrated that nerve injury-induced Csf1 upregulation was ameliorated indicating that IKK/NF-kappaBeta-dependent SGC activation induced Csf1 expression in sensory neurons. PMID: 28722693
Findings uncover a novel function for IKKbeta/mHTTx1 interactions in regulating IL-34 production, and implicate a role for IL-34 in non-cell-autonomous, microglial-dependent neurodegeneration in HD. PMID: 28973132
HOTAIR operates the action of IKKalpha, IKKbeta, IKKgamma in liver cancer stem cells PMID: 27367027
These results suggested that APN ameliorated endothelial inflammation and IR through ROS/IKKbeta pathway. PMID: 27639126
p300-dependent histone H3 acetylation and C/EBPbeta-regulated IKKbeta expression contribute to thrombin-induced IL-8/CXCL8 expression in human lung epithelial cells. PMID: 28428115
EGFR/PI3K/Akt/mTOR/IKK-beta/NF-kappaB signaling promotes head and neck cancer progression. PMID: 26895469
our results illustrate a new direction in nitrosourea treatment, and reveal that the combination of ROS-inducing IKKbeta inhibitors with nitrosoureas can be potentially exploited for melanoma therapy PMID: 28107677
Smad7 expression in necrotizing enterocolitis macrophages interrupts TGF-beta signaling and promotes NF-kappaB-mediated inflammatory signaling in these cells through increased expression of IKK-beta PMID: 26859364
High IKBKB expression is associated with prostate cancer. PMID: 27577074
Akt2, Erk2, and IKK1/2 phosphorylate Bcl3, converting Bcl3 into a transcriptional coregulator by facilitating its recruitment to DNA. PMID: 28689659
Rare variants in IKBKB are associated with decreased waist-to-hip ratio in European-Americans. PMID: 26757982
pVHL mediates K63-linked ubiquitination of IKKbeta, which plays a role in the regulation of IKK/NF-kappaB signalling. PMID: 27693634
our results demonstrate that miR-200b, a transcriptional target of NF-kappaB, suppresses breast cancer cell growth and migration, and NF-kappaB activation, through downregulation of IKBKB, indicating that miR-200b has potential as a therapeutic target in breast cancer patients. PMID: 26433127
The present research concluded that aspirin suppressed prostate cancer cell invasion by reducing MMP-9 activity and uPA expression through decreasing of IKK-beta-mediated NF-kappaB activation, indicating that the ability of aspirin to inhibit cell invasion might be useful in the chemoprevention of metastatic prostate cancer. PMID: 28278500
miR-429 is involved in regulation of the NF-kappaB pathway by targeting IKKbeta and functions as a tumor suppressor in cervical carcinogenesis. PMID: 27883176
TLR signaling led to lower expression of LRRC14. PMID: 27426725
results uncover a previously unidentified role of IKKbeta in regulating glycolysis, sensing low-glutamine-induced metabolic stress, and promoting cellular adaptation to nutrient availability. PMID: 27585591
data clearly demonstrate that KLHL21 negatively regulates TNFalpha-activated NF-kappaB signaling via targeting IKKbeta, providing new insight into the mechanisms underlying NF-kappaB regulation in cells. PMID: 27387502
Cis- and trans-gnetin H suppress cytokine response in LPS-stimulated THP-1 cells by preventing activation of key signaling molecules, IKK-beta, IkappaB alpha, and p65, involved in the NF-kappaB pathway. PMID: 27196294
The neuroprotective effects of celastrol and its analogues may be related to IKKbeta inhibition. PMID: 27931154
Survivin overexpression activates NFkappaB p65, which is important in the acquisition and maintenance of the oncogenic characteristics of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 26718331
Over-expressed IKK-Beta inhibits cell apoptosis in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. PMID: 26914121
DAT stabilized IkBa by inhibiting the phosphorylation of Ika by the IkB kinase (IKK) complex. DAT induced proteasomal degradation of TRAF6, and DAT suppressed IKKb-phosphorylation through downregulation of TRAF6 PMID: 26647777
IFIT5 promotes SeV-induced IKK phosphorylation and NF-kappaB activation by regulating the recruitment of IKK to TAK1. PMID: 26334375
Down-regulation of IKBKB expression and NFkappaB signaling in microglia/macrophages infiltrating glioblastoma correlates with defective expression of immune/inflammatory genes and M2 polarization that may result in the global impairment of anti-tumor immune responses in glioblastoma. PMID: 26427514
Combining bortezomib with IKK inhibitor is effective in treating ovarian cancer. PMID: 26267322
MyD88s is positively regulated by IKKbeta and CREB and negatively regulated by ERK1/2 signaling pathways. PMID: 26669856
IKK-beta suppresses GLI1 ubiquitination. PMID: 26603838
we demonstrate that one miR-497, is a likely negative regulator of IKKbeta PMID: 26020802
In cells with functional KEAP1, RTA 405 increased NRF2 levels, but not IKKb or BCL2 levels, and did not increase cell proliferation or survival. PMID: 26301506
findings indicate that the IKBKB and POLB SNPs confer no genetic predisposition to SLE risk in this Chinese Han population PMID: 26167925
Demonstrate the essential role of EGFR/Akt/IkappaBbeta/NF-kappaB pathway in the inhibitory effect of PA-MSHA on invasion and metastasis of HCC through suppressing EMT. PMID: 25066210
identified IKK-beta as a kinase capable of phosphorylating threonine 3 in N-terminal hungtingtin fragments PMID: 26106822
The activation of NF-kappaB induced translocation of AMAP1 to cytoplasm from cell membrane and nucleus, which resulted in augmented interaction of AMAP1 and IKKbeta PMID: 24865276
High IKBKB expression is associated with inflammation in heart Valve Diseases. PMID: 25630970
These studies not only reinforce the significance of maintaining a homeostatic balance of eNOS and IKKbeta within the cell system that regulates NO production, but they also confirm that the IKKbeta-Hsp90 interaction is favored in a high-glucose environment, leading to impairment of the eNOS-Hsp90 interaction, which contributes to endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications in diabetes. PMID: 25652452
IKKbeta regulates endothelial thrombomodulin in a Klf2-dependent manner PMID: 25039491
Studies indicate that transcription factor NF-kappaB plays a key role in numerous physiological processes, and its activation is tightly controlled by a kinase complex, IkappaB kinase (IKK). PMID: 25432706
Suppression of PKK expression by RNA interference inhibits phosphorylation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta as well as activation of NF-kappaB in human cancer cell lines; thus, PKK regulates NF-kappaB activation by modulating activation of IKKalpha and IKKbeta. PMID: 25096806
IKBKB-rs3747811AT single nucleotide polymorphism was associated with a significantly increased risk of developing wheezing. PMID: 25326706
IKKbeta is an IRF5 kinase that instigates inflammation PMID: 25326420
IKKbeta activates two "master" transcription factors of the innate immune system, IRF5 and NF-kappaB PMID: 25326418
RTK-mediated Tyr phosphorylation of IKKbeta has the potential to directly regulate NFkappaB transcriptional activation. PMID: 24386391
Expression of IKBKB gene reduced the cisplain sensitivity of A549 cells. PMID: 24854552
Gain-of function or knockdown of miR-200c in leiomyoma smooth muscle cells (LSMC) regulated IL8 mRNA and protein expression through direct targeting of IKBKB and alteration of NF-kB activity. PMID: 24755559

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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