Recombinant Human Heat Shock Protein 75 Kda, Mitochondrial (TRAP1) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Heat Shock Protein 75 Kda, Mitochondrial (TRAP1) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-03607P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: Cluster of differentiation (cd) proteins, Featured cd protein molecules, High-quality recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Heat Shock Protein 75 Kda, Mitochondrial (TRAP1) Protein (GST) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q12931
Target Symbol	TRAP1
Synonyms	Heat shock protein 75 kDa; Heat shock protein 75 kDa, mitochondrial; HSP 75; HSP75; HSP90L; mitochondrial; TNF receptor associated protein 1; TNFR-associated protein 1; TRAP-1; Trap1; TRAP1_HUMAN; Tumor necrosis factor type 1 receptor-associated protein
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	STQTAEDKEEPLHSIISSTESVQGSTSKHEFQAETKKLLDIVARSLYSEKEVFIRELISNASDALEKLRHKLVSDGQALPEMEIHLQTNAEKGTITIQDTGIGMTQEELVSNLGTIARSGSKAFLDALQNQAEASSKIIGQFGVGFYSAFMVADRVEVYSRSAAPGSLGYQWLSDGSGVFEIAEASGVRTGTKIIIHLKSDCKEFSSEARVRDVVTKYSNFVSFPLYLNGRRMNTLQAIWMMDPKDVRE
Expression Range	60-308aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	54.5kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Chaperone that expresses an ATPase activity. Involved in maintaining mitochondrial function and polarization, downstream of PINK1 and mitochondrial complex I. Is a negative regulator of mitochondrial respiration able to modulate the balance between oxidative phosphorylation and aerobic glycolysis. The impact of TRAP1 on mitochondrial respiration is probably mediated by modulation of mitochondrial SRC and inhibition of SDHA.
Subcellular Location	Mitochondrion. Mitochondrion inner membrane. Mitochondrion matrix.
Protein Families	Heat shock protein 90 family
Database References	HGNC: 16264 OMIM: 606219 KEGG: hsa:10131 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000246957 UniGene: PMID: 28115289 results show that even though TRAP1 depletion affects both normal MRC-5 and tumour A549 cell proliferation, inhibition of autophagy per se led to a decrease in tumour cell mass, while having a reduced effect on the normal cell line. The strategy of targeting TRAP1 in NSCLC shows future potential therapeutic applications. PMID: 29383696 Here, the authors show that rather than being cooperative or independent, ATP hydrolysis on the two protomers is sequential and deterministic. Moreover, dimer asymmetry sets up differential hydrolysis rates for each protomer, such that the buckled conformation favors ATP hydrolysis. PMID: 28742020 TRAP1 inhibition may be regarded as potential strategy to target specific features of human thyroid cancers, i.e., cell proliferation and resistance to apoptosis. PMID: 27422900 TRAP1 regulates stemness and Wnt/beta-catenin pathway in colorectal cancer. PMID: 27662365 data show that TRAP1 acts downstream of PINK1 and HTRA2 for mitochondrial fine tuning, whereas TRAP1 loss of function leads to reduced control of energy metabolism, ultimately impacting mitochondrial membrane potential. PMID: 29050400 This review summarizes how metabolism, chemoresistance, inflammation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition are strictly interconnected, and how TRAP1 stays at the crossroads of these processes, thus shedding new lights on molecular networks at the basis of ovarian cancer. [review] PMID: 28427560 The crystal structure of a human TRAP1NM dimer is presented, featuring an intact N-domain and M-domain structure, bound to adenosine 5'-beta,gamma-imidotriphosphate. PMID: 27487821 These data suggest that TRAP1 protein network may provide a prognostic signature in human metastatic colorectal carcinomas PMID: 28177905 TRAP1 is relevant in the control of key cell cycle regulators in tumor cells. TRAP1/TBP7 quality control of CDK1 and MAD2 contributes mechanistically to the regulation of mitotic entry and transit. PMID: 28678347 TRAP1 is often deleted in high-grade serous ovarian cancer patients. PMID: 27977010 TRAP1 increases cell proliferation, reduces apoptosis, and promotes cell invasion without changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics. Therefore, TRAP1 is a driver of prostate cancer in vivo and an "actionable" therapeutic target. PMID: 27754870 overexpression of TRAP1 might contribute to tumor cell local invasion of colorectal cancer PMID: 28088229 Increased TRAP1 expression was significantly associated with EOC stages. PMID: 26408177 Overexpression of TRAP1 in breast cancer cells causes mitochondrial fusion, triggers mitochondria to form tubular networks, and suppresses cell migration and invasion in vitro and in vivo. These data link TRAP1-regulated mitochondrial dynamics and function with tumorigenesis in breast cancer. PMID: 26517089 TRAP1 is highly expressed in kidney cancer and correlates with patients prognosis PMID: 26722505 TRAP1 is a downstream effector of BRAF cytoprotective pathway in mitochondria and TRAP1 targeting may represent a novel strategy to improve the activity of proapoptotic agents in BRAF-driven CRC cells. PMID: 26084290 Our results indicate that GRP94 and TRAP1 might contribute more to the carcinogenesis or biology of SCLC than HSP90alpha and HSP90beta PMID: 26464709 A previously unobserved coiled-coil dimer conformation may precede dimer closure. TRAP1 exists in an autoinhibited state with the ATP lid bound to the ATP-binding pocket. ATP displaces this and signals the cis-bound ATP status to the next subunit. PMID: 26929380 results of the present study show that TRAP1 provides cardioprotection against myocardial I/R by ameliorating mitochondrial dysfunction PMID: 26202366 The combined presence of pain, fatigue and nausea is strongly associated with p.Ile253Val (OR 7.5, P = 0.0001) and with two other interacting variants (OR 18, P = 0.0005). PMID: 26022780 a correlation between TRAP1 and AKT expression is found in vivo in human colorectal tumours. These results provide new insights into TRAP1 role in the regulation of cell migration in cancer cells, tumour progression and metastatic mechanisms. PMID: 26071104 TRAP1 expression was associated with increased risk of lymph node metastasis, while high TRAP1 expression correlated with poor prognosis in esophageal squamous cell cancer. PMID: 25438697 Our findings demonstrate that SDH inhibition by TRAP1 is oncogenic not only by inducing pseudohypoxia, but also by protecting tumor cells from oxidative stress PMID: 25564869 crystal structure of the mitochondrial Hsp90, TRAP1, revealed an extension of the N-terminal beta-strand previously shown to cross between protomers in the closed state PMID: 25531069 Oxidative stress in ulcerative colitis could lead to the increase of cytoprotective protein TRAP1, which in turn could promote cancer progression by preventing or protecting the oxidative damaged epithelial cells from undergoing apoptosis. PMID: 25493016 TRAP1-dependent regulation of p70S6K is involved in the attenuation of protein synthesis and cell migration: relevance in human colorectal tumors PMID: 24962791 dual HSP90/TRAP1 inhibitor HSP990 showed activity against the TRAP1 network and high cytostatic potential in BRAF-mutated colorectal carcinoma cells PMID: 25239454 TRAP1 controls NSCLC proliferation, apoptosis, and mitochondrial function, and its status has prognostic potential in NSCLC. PMID: 24567527 The article summarizes the central regulatory function of TRAP1 with homeostatic roles at the crossroad between different kinds of cell functions/metabolism during the transformation process or, possibly, during normal development. [review] PMID: 24990602 Identify mutations in TRAP1 as highly likely causing CAKUT or VACTERL association with CAKUT. PMID: 24152966 High TRAP1 expression is associated with resistance to anthracyclins in breast carcinoma. PMID: 24297638 study shows that TRAP1 was overexpressed in most patients with ESCC, and caused an increase in antiapoptosis potency PMID: 24754231 Overexpression of TRAP1 is able to mitigate Pink1 but not parkin loss-of-function phenotypes. PMID: 23525905 This study demonstrates for the first time that TRAP1 is associated with ribosomes and with several translation factors in colon carcinoma cells. PMID: 24113185 Mitochondrial Hsp90 and TRAP-1 are global regulators of tumor metabolic reprogramming, including oxidative phosphorylation, and are required for disease maintenance. PMID: 23842546 TRAP1 binds to and inhibits succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), the complex II of the respiratory chain. PMID: 23747254 Mitochondria TRAP-1 affects the lymph node metastasis in colorectal cancer, and may be a potential biomarker for LNM and a prognostic factor in CRC. PMID: 23139614 Early mesangial nephritis initiates a cascade of inflammatory signals that lead to up-regulation of Trap1 and a consequent down-regulation of renal DNaseI by transcriptional interference. PMID: 23273922 Immunohistochemical evaluation of TRAP1 together with ERalpha provides significant prognostic information. TRAP1 alone is significantly associated with chemotherapy response and overall survival. PMID: 22978347 TRAP-1-directed compartmentalized protein folding is broadly exploited in cancer. PMID: 21878357 The proposed TRAP1 network has an impact in vivo, as it is conserved in human colorectal cancers, is controlled by ER-localized TRAP1 interacting with TBP7 and provides a novel model of the ER-mitochondria crosstalk. PMID: 21979464 alpha-Synuclein toxicity is intimately connected to mitochondrial dysfunction and that toxicity reduction in fly and rat primary neurons and human cell lines can be achieved using overexpression of the mitochondrial chaperone TRAP1 PMID: 22319455 Mitochondria could be a potential regulator of the unfolded protein response in the endoplasmic reticulum via mitochondrial TRAP1. PMID: 21338643 HSP75 likely reduces the hypertrophy and fibrosis induced by pressure overload through blocking TAK/P38, JNK, and AKT signaling pathways PMID: 21381076 Depletion of TRAP1 by short hairpin RNA in colorectal carcinoma cells lowered Sorcin levels in mitochondria, whereas the depletion of Sorcin by small interfering RNA increased TRAP1 degradation. PMID: 20647321 In many tumors TRAP1 may activate proliferation whilst inhibiting metastatic spread. PMID: 20471161 up-regulated in prostate cancer tissue PMID: 20499060 These data identify TRAP-1 as a novel mitochondrial survival factor differentially expressed in localized and metastatic prostate cancer compared with normal prostate. PMID: 19948822 suppression of the expression of TRAP1 in mitochondria might play an important role in the induction of apoptosis caused via formation of ROS PMID: 15292218

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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