Recombinant Human Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) Protein (GST)

Name: Recombinant Human Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) Protein (GST)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-10945P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Gastrin-Releasing Peptide (GRP) Protein (GST) is produced by our Yeast expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P07492
Target Symbol	GRP
Synonyms	BN; Bombesin; GRP; GRP-10; GRP_HUMAN; GRP10; Neuromedin-C; NeuromedinC; Pre progastrin releasing peptide; PreproGRP; ProGRP
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Yeast
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	STGESSSVSERGSLKQQLREYIRWEEAARNLLGLIEAKENRNHQPPQPKALGNQQPSWDSEDSSNFKD
Expression Range	54-121aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	35.1 kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Stimulates the release of gastrin and other gastrointestinal hormones. Contributes to the perception of prurient stimuli and to the transmission of itch signals in the spinal cord that promote scratching behavior. Contributes primarily to nonhistaminergic itch sensation. Contributes to long-term fear memory, but not normal spatial memory. Contributes to the regulation of food intake.
Subcellular Location	Secreted. Cytoplasmic vesicle, secretory vesicle lumen.
Protein Families	Bombesin/neuromedin-B/ranatensin family
Database References	HGNC: 4605 OMIM: 137260 KEGG: hsa:2922 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000256857 UniGene: Hs.153444

Gene Functions References

A panel of three tumor markers CYFRA 21.1, HE4 and ProGRP may play a role for discriminating LC from benign lung disease and subtyping as SCLC. PMID: 29729229
Pro-GRP is sensitive for SCLC diagnosis. Since high marker levels are related to high disease burden, pro-GRP may have a negative prognostic significance. Follow-up studies are required to define its role in clinical practice in monitoring responses to treatment and early relapses PMID: 28967066
Altogether, these data show that humanized anti-progastrin antibodies might represent a potential new treatment for K-RAS-mutated colorectal patients, for which there is a crucial unmet medical need PMID: 28600477
Both TRPV1 and GRP are implied in midbrain physiology of importance to neurological and neuropsychiatric disorders. PMID: 27762319
GRP/GRP-R signaling activation contributes to castration-resistant prostate cancer progression PMID: 27542219
progastrin expression may be predictive of aggressive tumour behaviour in patients with colorectal cancer. PMID: 28432443
Thus the combination of favourable in vitro and in vivo properties renders BA1 as more potential antagonist bombesin-peptide for targeting GRP-receptor positive tumor. These properties are encouraging to carry out further experiments for non-invasive receptor targeting potential diagnostinc and therapeutic agent for tumors. PMID: 28088445
serum level not a biomarker in small cell lung cancer PMID: 29145241
pro-gastrin releasing peptide has a role in promoting the cell proliferation and progression in small cell lung cancer PMID: 27639644
Our results suggest that, similar to what happens in neutrophils, gastrin-releasing peptide is a migratory, rather than a proliferative, stimulus, for non-small cell lung carcinoma cells, indicating a putative role for gastrin-releasing peptide and gastrin-releasing peptide receptor in metastasis PMID: 28351312
Serum Pro-GRP was promising biomarker for SCLC diagnosis. PMID: 28230031
High proGRP expression is associated with poor response to chemotherapy in small cell lung cancer. PMID: 26886220
CEA, NSE, CA125 and pro-GRP could serve as biomarkers for SCLC, and CEA and CYFRA21-1 could serve as biomarkers for NSCLC. Pro-GRP, CA125 and CEA were related to the clinical stages of lung cancer PMID: 26560853
Data show that serum neuron-specific enolase, cytokeratin 19 fragment 21-1, pro-gastrin-releasing peptide, squamous cell carcinoma antigen, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1, and human epididymis protein 4 are not associated with brain metastases. PMID: 26730601
Our results suggest that progastrin inhibits the acquisition of a M2-phenotype in human macrophages. PMID: 24901518
No association of 16 GRP and 7 GRPR variants were found with agoraphobia with/without panic disorder. PMID: 24912045
the role of autophagy in the degradation of gastrin-releasing peptide and subsequent inhibition of angiogenesis PMID: 24108003
High serum proGRP levels are associated with small-cell lung cancer. PMID: 24375395
The Gastrin-releasing peptide(GRP)triggers the growth of HepG2 cells through blocking the ER stress-mediated pathway. PMID: 23379566
GRP silencing decreases anchorage-independent growth, inhibits cell migration and neuroblastoma cell-mediated angiogenesis. PMID: 24039782
GRP-expressing C and A delta fibers that coexpress SP or CGRP makes these neurons pruriceptors. PMID: 23615431
The levels of GRP were upregulated in cells treated with HGF in a dose-dependent manner. HGF-induced expression of Ets-1 and IL-8 was increased more by GRP treatment. PMID: 23924923
inhibits the process of autophagy in vascular endothelial cells, thereby increasing endothelial cell proliferation and tubule formation PMID: 23608754
GRP serum level is higher in patients with pruritus in patients with atopic dermatitis. PMID: 23353988
Tonic stretch of human myometrium increases contractility and stimulates the expression of a known smooth muscle stimulatory agonist, GRP. GRP receptor antagonists attenuate the effect of stretch. PMID: 22411014
Data indicate that progastrin-releasing peptide (proGRP) assays with both time-resolved immunofluorometric assay (TR-IFMA) and Advanced Life Science Institute (ALSI) ELISA showed good clinical validity. PMID: 22399443
Percent changes in serum ProGRP showed better correlation to the sum of the tumor diameters (SOD) and prognostic impact than that of NSE. PMID: 22300752
Results describe the mRNA expression of CRABP1, RERG, and GRP in pituitary adenomas. PMID: 21270509
nonamidated peptides derived from the C terminus of pro-GRP are expressed in significant quantities in colorectal cancer cell lines PMID: 22202166
proGRP is a complementary tumour marker for prognosis and treatment monitoring in patients with neuroendocrine tumour PMID: 21415235
serum-positive non-small-cell lung cancers may have neuroendocrine differentiation PMID: 21529988
Progastrin-releasing peptide cab be used as a marker for quality control in clinical sample processing and storage. PMID: 22261454
Abrogating GRP/GRPR signaling specifically down-regulates HP1(Hsbeta) expression and inhibiting GRPR signaling, or ablating HP1(Hsbeta) expression, increases colon cancer cell invasiveness in vitro. PMID: 21281799
Gastrin-releasing peptide is elevated in prostate neoplasm patients undergoing androgen deprivation therapy and may be involved in the initiation of hormonal escape prostate neoplasms. PMID: 20945407
GRP promotes the growth of HepG2 cells through interaction with GRPR co-expressed in tumor cells, and subsequently activates MAPK/ERK1/2 via EGFR-independent mechanisms. PMID: 20596631
Data indicate that various serum proGRP fragments are promising tools for future investigations on the relationship between fragment distribution and diagnosis and prognosis. PMID: 19907206
GRP/GRP-R play a transient and non-critical role in intestinal development PMID: 11960700
mRNA transcripts are expressed in tumor cells of patients with small cell lung cancer PMID: 12474049
ProGRP is a valuable tumour marker for the detection and monitoring of small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and a good tool for discriminating non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) versus SCLC PMID: 12820318
results show that Pro-GRP may be a potential tumor marker for small cell lung carcinoma PMID: 12820319
Mitogenic effects of GRP in head and neck squamous cells are mediated by activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. PMID: 13679857
GRP is over-expressed in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma, and its over-expression may play a role in such carcinoma development and growth PMID: 14764456
Measuring serum levels in lung cancer patients may be useful in drug therapy monitoring. PMID: 15638385
GRP is a new angiogenic peptide and that its inhibition offers an attractive tool to reduce tumor burden. PMID: 15750618
An increase in GRP binding capacity, as a result of GRP-R overexpression, down-regulates PTEN expression. Inhibition of the tumor suppressor gene PTEN may be an important regulatory mechanism involved in GRP-induced cell proliferation in neuroblastomas. PMID: 15849504
BN/GRP and substance P are involved together with cytokines in the neuroimmunomodulation that occurs in the arthritic joint. PMID: 15899028
results show that TACE undergoes phosphorylation that regulates release of amphiregulin upon GRP treatment; a signaling cascade of GRP-Src-PI3-K-PDK1-TACE-amphiregulin-EGFR with multiple points of interaction, translocation & phosphorylation is suggested PMID: 16641105
First evidence is provided that the calcium-ion/calcineurin/NFAT-linked pathway is involved in bombesin-mediated induction of Cox-2, a gene that promotes colon carcinoma invasiveness. PMID: 16909108
GRP upregulation of ICAM-1 via FAK promotes tumor cell motility and attachment to the extracellular matrix. PMID: 16920698
BN/GRP is produced by non-neuronal cells in the synovial tissue in rheumatoid and osteoarthritis PMID: 18289674

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Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

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