Recombinant Human Gamma-Secretase Subunit Aph-1A (APH1A) Protein (His&Myc)

Name: Recombinant Human Gamma-Secretase Subunit Aph-1A (APH1A) Protein (His&Myc)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-07166P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Gamma-Secretase Subunit Aph-1A (APH1A) Protein (His&Myc) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q96BI3
Target Symbol	APH1A
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-10His&C-Myc
Target Protein Sequence	SLRSIQRSLLCRRQEDSRVMVYSALRIPPED
Expression Range	235-265aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	11.1 kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Non-catalytic subunit of the gamma-secretase complex, an endoprotease complex that catalyzes the intramembrane cleavage of integral membrane proteins such as Notch receptors and APP (amyloid-beta precursor protein). Required for normal gamma-secretase assembly. The gamma-secretase complex plays a role in Notch and Wnt signaling cascades and regulation of downstream processes via its role in processing key regulatory proteins, and by regulating cytosolic CTNNB1 levels.
Subcellular Location	Endoplasmic reticulum membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein. Golgi apparatus, Golgi stack membrane; Multi-pass membrane protein.
Protein Families	APH-1 family
Database References	HGNC: 29509 OMIM: 607629 KEGG: hsa:51107 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000358105 UniGene: Hs.108408
Tissue Specificity	Widely expressed. Expressed in leukocytes, lung, placenta, small intestine, liver, kidney, spleen thymus, skeletal muscle, heart and brain. Isoform 1 and isoform 2 are nearly expressed at the same level.

Gene Functions References

Using purified PSEN1/Aph1A gamma-secretase and the APPC99-3XFLAG substrate, authors show that substrate shortening progressively destabilizes the consecutive enzyme-substrate complexes that characterize the sequential gamma-secretase processing of APP; present a unifying model for how PSEN or APP mutations enhance amyloidogenic Abeta production, suggests that environmental factors may increase Alzheimer's Disease risk. PMID: 28753424
Data show that presenilin 1 (PS1)/anterior-pharynx-defective protein 1 (Aph1b), presenilin 2 (PS2)/Aph1aL, PS2/Aph1aS and PS2/anterior pharynx defective 1 homolog B (Aph1b) gamma-secretase produced amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) with a higher Abeta42+Abeta43-to-Abeta40 (Abeta42(43)/Abeta40) ratio than the other gamma-secretases. PMID: 27608597
Data show that presenilin 1 (PS1)-containing gamma-secretase complexes were targeted to the plasma membrane, whereas presenilin 2 (PS2)-containing ones were addressed to the trans-Golgi network, to recycling endosomes. PMID: 27059953
No statistically significant difference was detected either in APOE or APH-1a polymorphisms, not suggesting a strong susceptibility to the development of Alzheimer disease. PMID: 26738354
A loss of PS/gamma-secretase function to cleave Abeta42(43) may initiate Alzheimer's disease. PMID: 23291095
We demonstrate that extending the transmembrane domain of the amyloid precursor protein-derived C99 substrate in proximity to the cytosolic face strongly influences gamma-secretase cleavage specificity. PMID: 23253155
The -980C/G polymorphism in APH-1A promoter confers risk of Alzheimer's disease PMID: 21443683
Coexpression of wild-type or S-palmitoylation-deficient APH1aL and nicastrin leads to marked stabilization of transgenic presenilin 1 in the brains of double-transgenic mice. PMID: 21123562
Endogenous Aph-1a and its proteolytic fragment have unique properties for cleavage control that may have implications for gamma-secretase regulation and intracellular distribution. PMID: 20674680
Co-overexpression of presenilin-1 or APH-1 abrogated gamma-secretase inhibition probably through prevention of the incorporation of CRB2 into the gamma-secretase complex PMID: 20299451
Aph-1 associates directly with full-length and C-terminal fragments of gamma-secretase substrates PMID: 20145246
APH-1 binds to presenilins and nicastrin and may play a role in maturation of presenilin-nicastrin complexes PMID: 12471034
Expression of APH-1A increases amyloid beta peptide levels and gamma-secretase activity. PMID: 12763021
APH-1 and the gamma-secretase complex bind to the transmembrane domain region of nicastrin PMID: 12917438
Six different polymorphisms have been determined but the polymorphisms in APH-1a/b coding regions are not linked to higher risk for Alzheimer disease in an Italian population. PMID: 12972157
APH-1 can be processed by several endoproteolytic events and generates a stable C-terminal fragment that associates with nicastrin PMID: 14593096
conserved transmembrane Gly122, Gly126, and Gly130 in the fourth transmembrane region of APH-1a are part of the membrane helix-helix interaction GXXXG motif and are essential for the stable association of APH-1aL with presenilin, nicastrin, and PEN-2 PMID: 14627705
Only the combined overexpression of presenilin 1 and nicastrin together with APH-1a G122D facilitated the formation of a fully active gamma-secretase complex PMID: 15210705
both APH-1a splice forms and APH-1b are expressed in peripheral and neuronal cells. APH-1aS, APH-1aL, and APH-1b form separate, proteolytically active gamma-secretase complexes containing either one of the two presenilins. PMID: 15286082
knock down of APH-1a, but not APH-1b, resulted in impaired maturation of nicastrin and reduced expression of presenilin 1, presenilin 2, and PEN-2 proteins PMID: 15629423
These results collectively indicate that the three forms of APH-1 can replace each other in presenilin (PS) complexes and that the transmembrane GxxxG region is essential for the stability of the APH-1 protein as well as the assembly of PS complexes. PMID: 16757808
Over-expression of APH-1 and inhibition of proteasomal APH-1 degradation facilitated gamma-secretase cleavage of APP to generate Abeta. Thus,degradation of APH-1 protein is mediated by the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. PMID: 17059559
analysis of model of the gamma-secretase complex subunit architecture and demonstration of the close proximity of the C-terminal fragment of presenilin with APH-1 PMID: 18801744
that there is an association between the -980C/G polymorphism in the APH-1a promoter region and the development of sporadic Alzheimer's disease PMID: 19368855
the conserved transmembrane histidine residues contribute to APH1 function and can affect presenilin catalytic activity PMID: 19369254

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.