Recombinant Human Forkhead Box Protein G1 (FOXG1) Protein (His)

Name: Recombinant Human Forkhead Box Protein G1 (FOXG1) Protein (His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-06647P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Collections: High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Forkhead Box Protein G1 (FOXG1) Protein (His) is produced by our Yeast expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 85% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P55316
Target Symbol	FOXG1
Synonyms	(Brain factor 1)(BF-1)(BF1)(Brain factor 2)(BF-2)(BF2)(hBF-2)(Forkhead box protein G1A)(Forkhead box protein G1B)(Forkhead box protein G1C)(Forkhead-related protein FKHL1)(HFK1)(Forkhead-related protein FKHL2)(HFK2)(Forkhead-related protein FKHL3)(HFK3)
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	Yeast
Tag	C-6His
Target Protein Sequence	MLDMGDRKEVKMIPKSSFSINSLVPEAVQNDNHHASHGHHNSHHPQHHHHHHHHHHHPPPPAPQPPPPPQQQQPPPPPPPAPQPPQTRGAPAADDDKGPQQLLLPPPPPPPPAAALDGAKADGLGGKGEPGGGPGELAPVGPDEKEKGAGAGGEEKKGAGEGGKDGEGGKEGEKKNGKYEKPPFSYNALIMMAIRQSPEKRLTLNGIYEFIMKNFPYYRENKQGWQNSIRHNLSLNKCFVKVPRHYDDPGKGNYWMLDPSSDDVFIGGTTGKLRRRSTTSRAKLAFKRGARLTSTGLTFMDRAGSLYWPMSPFLSLHHPRASSTLSYNGTTSAYPSHPMPYSSVLTQNSLGNNHSFSTANGLSVDRLVNGEIPYATHHLTAAALAASVPCGLSVPCSGTYSLNPCSVNLLAGQTSYFFPHVPHPSMTSQSSTSMSARAASSSTSPQAPSTLPCESLRPSLPSFTTGLSGGLSDYFTHQNQGSSSNPLIH
Expression Range	1-489aa
Protein Length	Full Length
Mol. Weight	53.4 kDa
Research Area	Others
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Transcription repression factor which plays an important role in the establishment of the regional subdivision of the developing brain and in the development of the telencephalon.
Subcellular Location	Nucleus.
Database References	HGNC: 3811 OMIM: 164874 KEGG: hsa:2290 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000339004 UniGene: PMID: 29289958 Patients with FOXG1 syndrome/congenital variant of Rett syndrome associated with pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the forkhead box G1 gene indicates substantial variability in overall severity of the phenotype. PMID: 28661489 We report three cases of FOXG1-related syndrome...with three different underlying genotypes (14q12 deletion including the FOXG1 gene, FOXG1 intragenic mutation, 14q12 deletion including PRKD1 and a region regulating FOXG1 expression) PMID: 29396177 A novel missense mutation was identified in FOXG1 on gene analysis (c. 569T>A, p. Ile190Asn). The patient showed not only the typical cerebral abnormalities of a congenital variant of Rett syndrome , but also a hypoplastic hippocampus. This novel mutation and cerebral findings may provide new insights into the pathophysiology of the congenital variant of Rett syndrome PMID: 28781028 The genetic etiology of Rett syndrome (RTT) without MECP2, CDKL5, and FOXG1 mutations is heterogeneous, overlaps with other NDDs, and complicated by a high mutation burden. Dysregulation of chromatin structure and abnormal excitatory synaptic signaling may form two common pathological bases of RTT. PMID: 27171548 FOXG1 and SOX2 operate in complementary but distinct roles to fuel unconstrained self-renewal in Glioblastoma multiforme stem cells via transcriptional control of core cell cycle and epigenetic regulators. PMID: 28465359 phenotypes associated with FOXG1 mutations in Chinese Rett syndrome or Rett syndrome-like patients. PMID: 28851325 describe the initial design and characterizations of novel covalent BH3-based agents that potently target Bfl-1 PMID: 28026162 findings demonstrate clear phenotype differences between FOXG1 and MECP2 disorders. PMID: 27640358 Abnormal involuntary movements are a major feature of FOXG1 mutations. Our study delineates the spectrum of movement disorders and confirms an expanding clinical phenotype. Symptomatic treatment may be considered for severe or disabling cases, although further research regarding potential treatment strategies is necessary. PMID: 27029630 Report demonstrates the functional consequences of Foxg1 haploinsufficiency in the visual system of Foxg1+/Cre mice and a visual impairment in a cohort of Rett individuals presenting genetic alteration on FOXG1 PMID: 27001178 Upregulated miR-200b in cervical cancer was proven to show positive regulation on cervical cancer development by directly targeting FoxG1. PMID: 27044840 Rett syndrome with early epilepsy and the congenital variant are mainly due to variations in the CDKL5 and FOXG1 genes, respectively PMID: 26239053 FOXG1 mutations are associated with familial recurrence in FOXG1-related disorders. PMID: 26364767 these results implicate the overexpression of a group of neuropeptides in the basal ganglia, hypothalamus, cortex and hippocampus in the pathogenesis FOXG1 behavioral impairments. PMID: 25966633 These findings suggest a central AKT-FOXG1-reelin signaling pathway in focal malformations of cortical development and support pathway inhibitors as potential treatments or therapies for some forms of focal epilepsy. PMID: 26523971 We propose that the disruption of signaling pathways that promote mature neuronal differentiation by overexpressed FOXG1 is a contributing event in the neoplastic transformation of cerebellar stem cells. PMID: 26433703 EGFR mutations remodel the activated enhancer landscape of glioblastoma multiforme, promoting tumorigenesis through a SOX9 and FOXG1-dependent transcriptional regulatory network in vitro and in vivo. PMID: 26455392 Data suggest that a shift toward GABAergic neuron fate caused by FOXG1 is a developmental precursor of autism spectrum disorder. PMID: 26186191 The neurological phenotype of FOXG1 haploinsufficiency shows the features of a dyskinetic encephalopathy of infancy. PMID: 25565401 critical role in the regulation of hepatocellular carcinoma development PMID: 25251503 Genotype-phenotype studies of FOXG1 may help to elucidate why children develop different forms of developmental epilepsy. PMID: 24836831 Reduced FOXG1 levels in patients' platelets having translocations or deletions in that region. PMID: 23632790 transcriptional programmes regulated by FOXG1 and Groucho/TLE are important for BTIC-initiated brain tumour growth, implicating FOXG1 and Groucho/TLE in GBM tumourigenesis PMID: 24356439 Our data and review of previous reports highlight dysregulation of FOXG1 pathway as the cause of the "FOXG1 syndrome" developmental disorder PMID: 23956198 Its mutation causes Rett syndrome.(review) PMID: 24738188 Authors assessed the functional relevance of two genes, FoxG1 and Bmi1, which were significantly enriched in non-Shh/Wnt MBs and showed these genes to mediate MB stem cell self-renewal and tumor initiation in mice. PMID: 23592496 FoxG1 can function as a pro-apoptotic factor in part through suppression of AIB1 coactivator transcription complex formation, thereby reducing the expression of the AIB1 oncogene. PMID: 23660594 14q12 microdeletions excluding FOXG1, but leading to its misregulation give rise to a congenital variant Rett syndrome-like phenotype. PMID: 22968132 In fibroblast cells, a cis-acting regulatory sequence located more than 0.6 Mb away from FOXG1 acts as a silencer at the transcriptional level. PMID: 22739344 FOXG1 mutations are involved in the molecular etiology of the congenital variant of Rett syndrome. PMID: 22129046 Alterations in the kinetics of FoxG1 binding to chromatin might contribute to the pathological effects of FOXG1 mutations. PMID: 22091895 The authors show that deletions including 14q13 result in a recognisable phenotype mainly due to haploinsufficiency of two genes (NKX2-1, PAX9). FOXG1 (on chromosome band 14q12) involvement seems to be the main determinant of phenotype severity. PMID: 22636604 Foxg1 is critical for dentate gyrus formation, especially during the early postnatal stage. PMID: 22378868 A small increase in the dosage of FOXG1 could cause infantile spasms. PMID: 21910242 The core FOXG1 syndrome phenotype consists of postnatal microcephaly, severe mental retardation, absent language, dyskinesia, and corpus callosum hypogenesis. PMID: 21441262 West syndrome was associated with 14q12 duplications harboring FOXG1 PMID: 21536641 Transgenic mice lacking microRNAs miR-9-2 and miR-9-3 exhibit multiple defects in their telencephalic structures which may be brought about by dysregulation of Foxg1, Nr2e1, Gsh2, and Meis2 expression. PMID: 21368052 We report a series of seven cases of patients with FIXG1 gebe duplications in 14q associated with developmental delay/mental retardation and speech delay as predominant features, as well as developmental epilepsy in the majority. PMID: 20736978 150 patients affected by postnatal microcephaly, and identified two mutations: the c.326C>T (p.P109L) substitution and the c.730C>T transition, which induces the p.R244C mutation within the DNA-binding forkhead domain. PMID: 21280142 two de novo mutations (c.1248C>G, p.Y416X and c.460_461dupG, p.E154GfsX300) were identified in two unrelated girls with Rett syndrome PMID: 19806373 Two different de novo heterozygous FOXG1-truncating mutations were identified. The subject with the p.Trp308X mutation presented with a severe RTT-like neurodevelopmental disorder, while the p.Tyr400X allele was associated with classical RTT symptoms. PMID: 19564653 these results contribute to the clarification of the phenotype associated with FOXG1, confirming its role in the Rett syndrome spectrum. PMID: 19578037 BF-1 and PAX9 interact with PLU-1 via a novel conserved sequence motif (Ala-X-Ala-Ala-X-Val-Pro-X4-Val-Pro-X8-Pro, termed the VP motif) PMID: 12657635 The expression of FOXG1 showed an inverse relationship. FOXG1 copy gain was seen in 55/59 of a validating set of tumors and showed a positive correlation with protein expression representing the first report of FOXG1 dysregulation in medulloblastoma. PMID: 17522785 FOXG1 is responsible for the congenital variant of Rett syndrome. PMID: 18571142

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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