Recombinant Human Endothelin-1 (EDN1) Protein (GST), Active

Name: Recombinant Human Endothelin-1 (EDN1) Protein (GST), Active
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-05651P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Activity Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized EDNRB at 5 μg/ml can bind human EDN1 with a linear range of 6.25-25.00 μg/ml.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Endothelin-1 (EDN1) Protein (GST), Active is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Activity	Measured by its binding ability in a functional ELISA. Immobilized EDNRB at 5 μg/ml can bind human EDN1 with a linear range of 6.25-25.00 μg/ml.
Uniprotkb	P05305
Target Symbol	EDN1
Synonyms	ARCND3; Big endothelin-1; EDN1; EDN1_HUMAN; ET-1; ET1; HDLCQ7; PPET1; Preproendothelin 1; Preproendothelin-1; QME
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-GST
Target Protein Sequence	CSCSSLMDKECVYFCHLDIIW
Expression Range	53-73aa
Protein Length	partial
Mol. Weight	29.5kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Endothelins are endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor peptides. Probable ligand for G-protein coupled receptors EDNRA and EDNRB which activates PTK2B, BCAR1, BCAR3 and, GTPases RAP1 and RHOA cascade in glomerular mesangial cells.
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Protein Families	Endothelin/sarafotoxin family
Database References	HGNC: 3176 OMIM: 131240 KEGG: hsa:1906 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000368683 UniGene: PMID: 29562761 Unfavorable genotype of polymorphic variant of candidate gene participating in endothelial dysfunction EDN1 (Lys198Asn) was associated with changes in levels of their active substances in individuals exposed to mercury. PMID: 30351652 Endothelin-1, nitric oxide, and serotonin are related to blood pressure in adolescent males. PMID: 30271160 this study provides that infants with genotype GT eNOS 894G > T have 3.4-fold higher risk of developing of IVH if they are born before 28 + 6 weeks of gestation. PMID: 28211916 Preeclamptic plasma stimulates the expression of miRNAs in HUVECs, leading to a decrease in endothelin-1 levels. PMID: 29674204 According to the results of the present study, the culture solution with HUVECs affected the differentiation ofdental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). In addition, ET1 may promote the odontoblastic differentiation of DPSCs. PMID: 29845193 EZH2, ET-1, and CD34 may act as biomarkers of aggressive cervical squamous cell carcinoma PMID: 29630085 The plasma D-dimer and ET-1 levels provided a novel marker for treatment selection for the T-segment elevation acute myocardial infarction patients with a type 2 diabetes mellitus history. PMID: 29806659 EDN1 rs5370 polymorphism was associated with large artery stroke development. PMID: 29849817 Endothelin-1 is a regulator of Mena expression in the serous ovarian cancer.Endothelin-1 role in the invadopodian function. PMID: 29439204 Studied effects of dexamethasone on gene expression regulation of sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), interleukin 6 (IL6), and endothelin 1 (EDN1) in gingival derived aging stem cells. Dexamethasone downregulated expression of SIRT1 and IL6 but upregulated EDN1 in stem cells. PMID: 29302812 Baseline big ET-1>0.56pmol/L was independently associated with higher all-cause mortality and HFH among CRT recipients. PMID: 29913121 this study provides the first evidence that a 2-SNP haplotype of the ET-1 gene is associated with increased risk of hormone refractory prostate cancer PMID: 29441862 During exercise, we noted a rapid and significant reduction in venous ET-1 levels in obese subjects but no significant change in lean subjects. PMID: 28977804 Serum levels of miR-31 and endothelin-1are elevated in psoriasis vulgaris and are suggested to play significant roles in the pathophysiology of psoriasis. PMID: 28937251 Plasma big ET-1 level is a valuable independent predictor of ST in patients with coronary stents, especially in the acute coronary syndrome population. PMID: 28942357 Although our study revealed higher serum ET-1 and lower serum alpha-Klotho levels in systemic sclerosis patients compared to healthy controls, there were not any significant correlations between their serum levels with severity of organ involvement. PMID: 28831601 plasma EDN1 levels were significantly increased in Korean patients with fibromyalgia syndrome (FMS) compared with those in healthy controls. EDN1 SNP was revealed to be associated with susceptibility to FMS. PMID: 28901422 miR-200c regulates endothelin-1 induced pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells abnormal proliferation and apoptosis. PMID: 29044995 Increased ET-1 levels after 3 years were positively associated pulse pressure, suggesting subclinical haemodynamic changes with potential premature onset of cardiovascular disease in the black South Africans. PMID: 28726796 The presence of the rs2070699 T allele of EDN1 increased the risk of persistent pulmonary hypertension of the newborn in neonates with respiratory distress. PMID: 27425626 Studied the associations of Protein Z (PROZ G79A) and Endothelin-1 (EDN1 G5665T) polymorphisms with the clinical features of sickle cell disease (SCD) in a cohort of Egyptian children with SCD. PMID: 28548215 Endothelin-1 rs4714384 is an important biomarker of cardiovascular events in end stage renal disease patients. PMID: 28882114 We provided some ways of distinguishing Retinal vein occlusion (RVO)patients in practice and introduced the vasoactivity of the vein itself and the possible involvement of vasoconstrictors such as ET-1 for the pathogenesis of RVO through our clinical studies, some animal experiments, and recent literatures. PMID: 28904960 High levels of plasma endothelin-1 predicted prognosis for patients with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy. PMID: 28587741 highly expressed in the dermal microvascular endothelial cells of hypertrophic scars and keloids PMID: 27892645 ET-1 promoted the proliferation, migration and secretion of extracellular matrix molecules through the protein kinase B (Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk) signaling pathways in RPE cells in vitro. Thus, ET-1 may play a vital role in the development of PVR. PMID: 28634054 Increased baseline values of ET-1 (and BNP) after acute myocardial infarction, were independently predictive of future cardiovascular events. PMID: 28284500 The EDN1 gene polymorphism may play a significant role in predicting individual's susceptibility toward venous thromboembolism and its clinical progression PMID: 27481876 Epiretinal membrane formation in proliferative diabetic retinopathy involves higher tissue levels of endothelin-1 and fibroblastic activity PMID: 29351334 this study did not find any significant differences of ET-1 level between obstetric antiphospholipid syndrome and thrombotic antiphospholipid syndrome PMID: 27267037 Polymorphic variants of endothelin EDN (K198N) and endothelin receptor type A genes EDN RA (C1222T, C70G, G231A) affected ET plasma concentrations. There was no association between the plasma endothelin levels and the risk factors for normal tension glaucoma. PMID: 27777505 high glucose and free fatty acids reduced NO and increased ET-1 levels induced by acetylcholine through the modulation of intracellular calcium concentrations and endothelial NO synthase phosphorylation, events also reverted by hydroxytyrosol and polyphenol extract. PMID: 25460732 In both the acute and remission phase of thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura we found increased CT-proET-1 and VWF levels, while Factor H levels decreased compared with healthy controls. In remission, however, the elevated CT-proET-1 levels showed a 22 % decrease when compared with the acute phase. PMID: 26763086 ET-1 increased NSCLC clonal growth, whereas BQ123, ZD4054, lapatinib or gefitinib inhibited proliferation. The results indicate that ET-1 may regulate NSCLC cellular proliferation in an EGFR- and HER2-dependent manner PMID: 28153500 Data indicate that patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc) displayed higher serum levels of VEGF, endothelin-1 and s-Fractalkine, and that the s-Fractalkine levels positively correlated with CD34(+)CD45(-) endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) numbers. PMID: 28320472 Endothelin-1 and its receptors on haemorrhoidal tissue: a potential site for therapeutic intervention PMID: 28095606 we could provide evidence that established stress-related biomarkers ET-1, MCP-1, CGA were differentially regulated among patients with AF compared to healthy controls. PMID: 28886122 Two END1 polymorphisms do not appear to affect the development of hypertension in the Chinese population. PMID: 28692114 TWEAK may stimulate endothelial ET-1 synthesis, through the up-regulation of ECE-1. PMID: 28025386 ET-1 may be a unique predictor of heart failure prognosis PMID: 28398455 The EDNRA SNP rs5335 was independently associated with aneurysms >/=7 mm in size at the time of rupture. Patients with cerebral aneurysms also carrying the G allele of EDNRA SNP rs5335 may develop larger aneurysms before rupture. PMID: 28323184 c-Src tyrosine kinase mediates high glucose-induced endothelin-1 expression PMID: 27102411 This review takes us through the drug discovery journey that led to the discovery, development, and registration of macitentan. [review] PMID: 27534881 Endothelin contributes to the rise in SBP in response to acute hypoxia in patients with severely untreated OSA. PMID: 27906839 Results show a correlation between ET-1 and an impaired liver function, quantified by the maximal liver function capacity test, in critically ill patients. The findings approve the close interaction between TNF-alpha and ET-1 in sepsis. PMID: 28542386 The mean serum levels of endothelin-1 in Egyptian acute myocardial infarction patients was significantly higher than controls. PMID: 27761928 The ratio of serum levels of adiponectin to endothelin strongly correlates with severity of coronary artery disease. PMID: 28781261 Higher levels of circulating endothelin-1 on admission independently predicts subsequent hospital major cardiac events in patients presenting with STEMI. PMID: 27372047 ET-1 is upregulated in giant cell arteritis (GCA) lesions and, by promoting VSMC migration towards the intimal layer, may contribute to intimal hyperplasia and vascular occlusion in GCA. PMID: 28606962

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.