Recombinant Human Elafin Protein (C-6His)

Name: Recombinant Human Elafin Protein (C-6His)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BL-1414NP
Availability: InStock

BL-1414NP: Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)

Collections: All products, High-quality recombinant proteins, Other recombinant proteins

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Elafin is produced by our Mammalian expression system and the target gene encoding Ala23-Gln117 is expressed with a 6His tag at the C-terminus.
Accession	P19957
Synonym	Elafin; Elastase-Specific Inhibitor; ESI; Peptidase Inhibitor 3; PI-3; Protease inhibitor WAP3; Skin-Derived Antileukoproteinase; SKALP; WAP Four-Disulfide Core Domain Protein 14; PI3; WAP3; WFDC14
Gene Background	Elafin is a secreted protein. Elafin consists of two domains: the transglutaminase substrate domain (cementoin moiety) and the elastase inhibitor domain. The transglutaminase substrate domain serves as an anchor to localize Elafin covalently to specific sites on extracellular matrix proteins. It is shown that Elafin can be used as a biomarker for graft versus host disease of the skin. Elafin is expressed in the skin during wound healing through activation of the epidermal growth factor receptor. Elafin may prevent elastase-mediated tissue proteolysis.
Molecular Mass	11 KDa
Apmol Mass	13-18 KDa, reducing conditions
Formulation	Supplied as a 0.2 μm filtered solution of 20mM Tris-HCl, 150mM NaCl, pH 7.5.
Endotoxin	Less than 0.1 ng/µg (1 EU/µg) as determined by LAL test.
Purity	Greater than 95% as determined by reducing SDS-PAGE. (QC verified)
Biological Activity	Not tested
Reconstitution
Storage	Store at ≤-70°C, stable for 6 months after receipt. Store at ≤-70°C, stable for 3 months under sterile conditions after opening. Please minimize freeze-thaw cycles.
Shipping	The product is shipped on dry ice/polar packs. Upon receipt, store it immediately at the temperature listed below.
Usage	For Research Use Only

Target Details

Target Function	Neutrophil and pancreatic elastase-specific inhibitor of skin. It may prevent elastase-mediated tissue proteolysis. Has been shown to inhibit the alpha-4-beta-2/CHRNA2-CHRNB2 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor and to produce a weak inhibition on Kv11.1/KCNH2/ERG1 and on the transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily V member 1 (TRPV1).
Subcellular Location	Secreted.
Database References	HGNC: 8947 OMIM: 182257 KEGG: hsa:5266 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000243924 UniGene: PMID: 29084078 Plasma Neutrophil Elastase and Elafin as Prognostic Biomarker for Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome PMID: 28187039 UV phototoxicity-induced pre-elafin inside keratinocytes prior to cornified envelope formation could be involved in UV-induced keratinocyte apoptosis via cystatin-A downregulation resulting in pro-caspase-3 activation. PMID: 28119996 Recombinant human elafin promotes alveologenesis in newborn mice exposed to chronic hyperoxia PMID: 28802561 significantly higher expression in preterm prelabor ruptured fetal membranes than in membranes from term birth PMID: 27580179 Our study revealed that high elafin levels identified in smoking- and asthma-related microarray data sets and an epidemiologic study significantly reduced the risk of asthma. PMID: 26932165 The expression of elafin in fallopian tubes of ectopic pregnancies is reduced. PMID: 25356943 The elevations in cervical elafin and SLPI expression in the women with preterm delivery might reflect the local response to the pathogen invasion into the cervix preceding preterm labor. PMID: 25559229 PI3 expression was downregulated in 24% of DCIS and 83% of invasive breast tumors. PI3 was also downregulated in 33% of ovarian cystadenomas, 43% of borderline ovarian tumors, and 86% of invasive ovarian carcinomas. PMID: 25551582 The imbalance between neutrophil elastase and its inhibitors, such as elafin, presents an important therapeutic target in breast cancer. PMID: 25195861 Higher urinary elafin levels are associated with an increased risk of micro- and macroalbuminuria, acute kidney injury and chronic kidney disease, and death after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. PMID: 25388519 cutaneous elafin does not seem to discriminate acute graft-versus-host disease from drug hypersensitivity rash lesions, but there may be an association between cutaneous elafin expression and poor prognosis for patients with cutaneous GVHD PMID: 25405322 Data indicate that elafin overexpression is associated with poor overall survival. PMID: 24469047 Low expression of elafin gene correlated with significantly reduced time to relapse, and when combined with high expression of elastase gene was associated with decreased survival in breast cancer patients PMID: 23320734 Elafin has important roles in normal homoeostasis and at sites of inflammation. These roles include antiprotease and antimicrobial activity. PMID: 19906197 Results confirm the association between SNP rs2664581 and enhanced risk of developing acute respiratory distress syndrome. PMID: 24617927 Tubal epithelium from women with hydrosalpinx has lower levels of elafin expression. PMID: 23885101 Elafin expression in the small intestinal epithelium was lower in patients with active celiac disease compared with control patients. In vitro, elafin significantly slowed the kinetics of the deamidation of the 33-mer peptide to its more immunogenic form. PMID: 24710505 Production of HBD2 and elafin by vaginal epithelial cells is sensitive to E, suggesting that innate immune protection varies in the vagina across the menstrual cycle. PMID: 23398087 Elafin expression may establish the diagnosis of pre-engraftment syndrome and graft versus host disease. PMID: 23866880 Trappin-2 and elafin significantly reduce HSV-2 viral attachment to, and replication in genital epithelial cells. PMID: 23637403 The N-terminus of elafin is critical for intranuclear localization and anti-HIV-1 activity. PMID: 23300756 Studies indicate that Trappin-2/Elafin possessing anti-microbial properties against different classes of pathogens including viruses, fungi and bacteria. PMID: 22634606 The results suggest that decreased expression of elastin and LOX and increased expression of elafin in the cardinal ligaments may contribute to pelvic organ prolapse. PMID: 19087518 The endometrium of women with hydrosalpinx has an increased number of neutrophils and lower expression of elafin, an elastase inhibitor and natural antimicrobial molecule. PMID: 21392745 these results collectively suggest that, in melanoma cells, Foxa2 expression is silenced and therefore elafin is maintained unexpressed to facilitate cell proliferation in the disease melanoma. PMID: 21466784 ability to modulate the expression of some P.aeruginosa virulence factors PMID: 20932308 These results suggest that elafin can maintain airway epithelium integrity by protecting airway epithelial cells and enhancing the anti-inflammatory capability of airway. PMID: 19823954 increased production at the secretory phase of the menstrual cycle relative to the proliferative phase PMID: 19824918 Elafin has a role in graft-versus-host disease of the skin PMID: 20371463 Elafin may serve as a determinant of poor survival in serous ovarian carcinomas PMID: 20126474 Overexpression of elafin in epithelial cells attenuated the damage of Pseudomonas aeruginosa biofilm. PMID: 19420899 Elafin is a component of cervicovaginal secretions in pregnancy, and levels are diminished in bacterial vaginosis. PMID: 19723838 Synthesized locally at mucosal sites. Efficiently inhibit target enzymes released into interstitium. Might be important in controlling excessive neutrophil elastase release in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and cystic fibrosis. (review) PMID: 11667971 regulation of the elafin gene is dependent on chromatin structure in keratinocytes PMID: 12542536 results indicate that elafin may have a dual function, promoting up-regulation of local lung innate immunity while simultaneously down-regulating potentially unwanted systemic inflammatory responses in the circulation PMID: 12819058 elafin regulates proteolytic enzymes during menstruation and contributes to the innate defense against uterine infection PMID: 12970320 Serine elastase inhibition (elafin overexpression) appears to suppress inflammation, cardiac dilatation, and dysfunction after myocardial infarct. PMID: 14693682 Gene augmentation of human elafin suggests a novel and extended anti-inflammatory role for this human neutrophil elastase inhibitor working as an effector of innate immunity to protect tissues against maladaptive inflammatory responses. PMID: 15034071 The differential biological activity of elafin in different conditions suggests a role for this molecule in either LPS detoxification or activation of innate immune responses, depending on the external cellular environment. PMID: 15668324 Oxidized elafin poorly inhibits the elastolytic activity of leukocyte elastase and proteinase 3. PMID: 16279952 transglutaminase 2-mediated cross-linking of serine protease inhibitors elafin and trappin-2 to neutrophil serine proteinases preserves their inhibitory capacities PMID: 16300411 The pleiotropic molecule elafin has significant potential in modulating antigen-presenting cell numbers and activity, and could be beneficial in mucosal protective strategies. PMID: 16424380 The promoter sequences of PI3 have a high degree of variability. PMID: 16719916 beneficial effects of pre-elafin could be mediated, at least in part, by its ability to increase G-CSF levels in the lung PMID: 16913840 The transglutaminase substrate moiety of elafin plays an important role in anchoring elafin at its proper sites of action during UV-induced aging processes. PMID: 17139263 Levels of mRNA and immunostaining of the antiproteases elafin and SLPI were enhanced strongly in inflamed versus noninflamed UC. Elafin and SLPI may be added to the list of defensin-like peptides with diminished induction in CD versus UC. PMID: 17200145 full antipeptidase activity of pre-elafin is essential to protect against lung tissue lesions PMID: 17489739 This review focuses on recent findings revealing that elafin has many biological functions as diverse as anti-bacterial, anti-fungal, anti-viral, anti-inflammatory and immuno-modulatory functions. PMID: 17964057 We report here that pre-elafin inhibits a secreted peptidase to prevent Pseudomonas aeruginosa growth in vitro. PMID: 18025118

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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