Recombinant Human Dna Mismatch Repair Protein Msh6 (MSH6) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Dna Mismatch Repair Protein Msh6 (MSH6) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-09797P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

Based on the SEQUEST from database of E.coli host and target protein, the LC-MS/MS Analysis result of this product could indicate that this peptide derived from E.coli-expressed Homo sapiens (Human) MSH6.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Dna Mismatch Repair Protein Msh6 (MSH6) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a protein fragment.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	P52701
Target Symbol	MSH6
Synonyms	DNA mismatch repair protein Msh6; G/T mismatch binding protein; G/T mismatch-binding protein; GTBP; GTMBP; hMSH6; HNPCC 5; HNPCC5; HSAP; MSH 6; MSH6; MSH6_HUMAN; mutS (E. coli) homolog 6; MutS alpha 160 kDa subunit; MutS homolog 6 (E. coli); mutS homolog 6; MutS-alpha 160 kDa subunit; p160; Sperm associated protein
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	MSRQSTLYSFFPKSPALSDANKASARASREGGRAAAAPGASPSPGGDAAWSEAGPGPRPLARSASPPKAKNLNGGLRRSVAPAAPTSCDFSPGDLVWAKMEGYPWWPCLVYNHPFDGTFIREKGKSVRVHVQFFDDSPTRGWVSKRLLKPYTGSKSKEAQKGGHFYSAKPEILRAMQRADEALNKDKIKRLELAVCDEPSEPEEEEEMEVGTTYVTDKSEEDNEIESEEEVQPKTQGSRRSSRQIKKRRVISDSESDIGGSDVEFKPDTKEEGSSDEISSGVGDSESEGLNSPVKVARKRKRMVTGNGSLKRKSSRKETPSATKQATSISSETKNTLRAFSAPQNSESQAHVSGGGDDSSRPTVWYHETLEWLKEEKRRDEHRRRPDHPDFDASTLYVPE
Expression Range	1-400aa
Protein Length	Partial
Mol. Weight	60.1kDa
Research Area	Epigenetics And Nuclear Signaling
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Component of the post-replicative DNA mismatch repair system (MMR). Heterodimerizes with MSH2 to form MutS alpha, which binds to DNA mismatches thereby initiating DNA repair. When bound, MutS alpha bends the DNA helix and shields approximately 20 base pairs, and recognizes single base mismatches and dinucleotide insertion-deletion loops (IDL) in the DNA. After mismatch binding, forms a ternary complex with the MutL alpha heterodimer, which is thought to be responsible for directing the downstream MMR events, including strand discrimination, excision, and resynthesis. ATP binding and hydrolysis play a pivotal role in mismatch repair functions. The ATPase activity associated with MutS alpha regulates binding similar to a molecular switch: mismatched DNA provokes ADP-->ATP exchange, resulting in a discernible conformational transition that converts MutS alpha into a sliding clamp capable of hydrolysis-independent diffusion along the DNA backbone. This transition is crucial for mismatch repair. MutS alpha may also play a role in DNA homologous recombination repair. Recruited on chromatin in G1 and early S phase via its PWWP domain that specifically binds trimethylated 'Lys-36' of histone H3 (H3K36me3): early recruitment to chromatin to be replicated allowing a quick identification of mismatch repair to initiate the DNA mismatch repair reaction.
Subcellular Location	Nucleus. Chromosome. Note=Associates with H3K36me3 via its PWWP domain.
Protein Families	DNA mismatch repair MutS family
Database References	HGNC: 7329 OMIM: 114500 KEGG: hsa:2956 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000234420 UniGene: PMID: 28466842 Whole exome sequencing in triple negative breast cancer cases revealed MSH6 rs2020912 (MAF: 56.25% vs. 1.04%, OR 122.13, 95% CI 12.29-2985.48) are risk factors for triple negative breast cancer. PMID: 30136158 CSE1L expression was correlated with MSH6 expression in tumor samples and was associated with poor prognosis in patients with osteosarcoma. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the CSE1L-MSH6 axis has an important role in osteosarcoma progression. PMID: 28387323 our data suggests thatMSH6 Glu39Gly polymorphism is associated with the risk of developing sporadic colorectal cancer in polish population. Linkage to the female gender, onset above 60 years old and further increase of risk when combined with wild-type allele of PMS2 IVS1-1121C > PMID: 28451866 Results from a study on gene expression variability markers in early-stage human embryos shows that is a putative expression variability marker for the 3-day, 8-cell embryo stage. PMID: 26288249 hMSH6 Glu39Gly polymorphism is associated with the risk of developing colorectal cancer in the Polish population. PMID: 29442465 Expression of MSH6 and MSH2 was positively associated with tumor volume doubling time. Gene expression was positively associated with ATR expression. Reduction of MSH6 and MSH2 expression at the messenger RNA and protein levels could be involved in direct Pituitary Adenoma proliferation by promoting cell-cycle progression or decreasing the rate of apoptosis through interference with the function of the ATR-Chk1 pathway. PMID: 29342268 Our results suggest that increased expression of MSH6, or other MMR, may be a new mechanism contributing to the acquired resistance during TMZ therapy; and may serve as an indicator to the resistance in GBM. PMID: 29366782 study to estimate frequency of point mutations and chromosomal rearrangements in 3 mismatch repair (MMR) genes MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 among unselected patients with ovarian cancer; estimate that approximately 0.6% of unselected ovarian cancer patients have mutations in the MMR genes PMID: 28176205 MSH6 frameshift variants incompletely segregate with the Lynch syndrome phenotype in two families. PMID: 28481244 Patients with mutations 6 showed higher rate of achieving major molecular response than those<6 (P=0.0381). Mutations in epigenetic regulator, ASXL1, TET2, TET3, KDM1A and MSH6 were found in 25% of patients. TET2 or TET3, AKT1 and RUNX1 were mutated in one patient each. ASXL1 was mutated within exon 12 in three cases PMID: 28452984 The MSH6 gene polymorphisms are likely to play an important role in the progression of AIDS in the northern Chinese population. PMID: 27090025 MSH6 mutations contribute to colorectal cancer susceptibility in Algerian families with suspected Lynch syndrome. PMID: 27468915 Neoadjuvant therapy in microsatellite-stable colorectal carcinoma induces concomitant loss of MSH6 and Ki-67 expression. PMID: 28232158 High MSH6 expression is associated with the development of genetic instability and is linked to tumor aggressiveness and early PSA recurrence in prostate cancer. PMID: 27803051 In path_MSH6 10-year survival was 84%, relative incidence of subsequent cancer compared with incidence of first cancer was slightly but insignificantly higher than cancer incidence in patients with Lynch syndrome without previous cancer. PMID: 27261338 human Pol alpha interacts with MSH2-MSH6 complex PMID: 27805738 In colorectal neoplasms, negative expression of the MMR proteins MLH1, MSH2 or MSH6 was seen in 15% (47 of 313) of the patients. Defect MLH1 was most common and detected in 12% of the cases. Defect MLH1 and MSH2 were identified in each patient's normal adjacent mucosa. PMID: 27836416 A total of 201 unique disease-predisposing mismatch repair gene mutations were identified in 369 Lynch syndrome families. These mutations affected MLH1 in 40%, MSH2 in 36%, MSH6 in 18% and PMS2 in 6% of the families PMID: 27601186 There is a positive correlation between the expressions of hMSH2 and hMSH6 between males (RHO=0.673 and p=0.001) and females with colorectal adenocarcinoma. PMID: 27459116 Individuals with Lynch syndrome and double-mutants in MSH6 and MSH2 had normal MSH2 expression, whereas MSH6 immunoexpression was lost in all evaluable cases. PMID: 26446363 we identified gene promoter methylation signatures (WT1, MSH6, GATA5 and PAX5) that are strongly correlated to, and can have a predictive value for the clinical outcome of oral squamous cell carcinoma patients PMID: 27491556 In Lynch syndrome families, prostate cancer was associated with mutations in MSH6 with loss of the mismatch repair protein. PMID: 27013479 Loss of MSH-2/MSH-6 expression was correlated with the right-colon location, poor and mucinous differentiation in colorectal adenocarcinoma. PMID: 26097592 Heterozygous germline mutations in any of the mismatch repair (MMR) genes, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2, cause Lynch syndrome (LS), an autosomal dominant cancer predisposition syndrome. PMID: 26544533 MSH2, MSH6, and EXO1 genes were overexpressed in gastroesophageal cancers. PMID: 26215063 SNP rs1800934 and 12 rare variants in the mismatch repair gene MSH6 were also associated with cafe-au-lait macule count in neurofibromatosis type 1 patients. PMID: 25329635 microsatellite instability-high and loss of MSH6 were found. Based on these results, genetic testing of MSH6 revealed a frame-shift mutation in codon 604 PMID: 26805314 MutSalpha, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and replication factor C activate MutLalpha endonuclease to remove the 1-nucleotide Okazaki fragment flaps PMID: 26224637 We describe a kindred with multiple gastrointestinal malignancies where a novel MSH6 germline susceptibility variant was identified PMID: 25380764 Heterogenous MSH6 loss is uncommon, usually caused by instability in MSH6 exon 5 polycytosine tract, and not associated with germline MSH6 mutation. PMID: 26099011 immunohistochemical expression of MLH1, MSH2, and MSH6 in initial glioblastoma is not associated with patient survival PMID: 24995467 The study evaluates the frequency and distribution of mutations in the MLH1, MSH2 and MSH6 genes within a cohort of families with Lynch syndrome in Cyprus. PMID: 25133505 Somatic rearrangements in MSH2 and MSH6 are an important mechanism leading to hypermutation and microsatellite instability in advanced prostate cancer. PMID: 25255306 Our database and literature searches retrieved 30 MLH1, 22 MSH2, 4 MSH6 and 9 PMS2 alternative transcripts, many predicted to introduce premature termination codons PMID: 24989436 After a short turnaround time of less than 3 weeks, the diagnosis of CMMR-D could be confirmed by the identification of a homozygous 29-bp deletion in MSH6 (exon 6), which was confirmed by independent methods. PMID: 25431869 We identified 11 previously unreported mutations in MSH6 in nine different glioma samples and in three oligodendrogliomas and two treatment-naive gliomas PMID: 25078279 MSH6 founder mutations in Ashkenazi Jews with Lynch syndrome PMID: 23990280 Some uterine carcinosarcomas show loss of MSH6. PMID: 25083964 When controlling for surgical and pathologic factors, mismatch repair protein expression did not predict lymph node yield after colectomy for Colon cancer . PMID: 25664706 The survival time of patients with osteosarcoma may be predicted by local expression of MSH6 and MSH2/6 in surgical primary tumor resections. PMID: 25503122 isolated loss of expression of hMSH6 in the basal cell layer of oral carcinoma in situ lesions could potentially be a useful diagnostic biomarker for these lesions PMID: 25352643 Results show that MSH6 and MSH2 expressions are downregulated by YB-1. PMID: 24141788 DNA mismatch repair gene MSH6 implicated in determining age at natural menopause. PMID: 24357391 We here demonstrate the causative role of the first germline mutation of MSH2, c.1249-1251 dupGTT (p.417V-418I dupV), associated with normal hMSH2 expression and lack of hMSH6 protein despite a normal MSH6 gene sequence PMID: 25106712 Immunohistochemistry revealed loss of expression for MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, and PMS2 in 15, 21, 13, and 15 % of cases, respectively...we found a perfect association between MMR immunohistochemical analyses and MSI molecular investigation PMID: 24643686 This report specifically focus on the protein expression profile and germline mutations of MSH6 and PMS2 genes in 50 Malaysian Lynch syndrome suspected patients. PMID: 24072394 identified some statistical evidence for an association between the MSH6 G39E polymorphism and risk of cancer PMID: 24622885 MSH6 protein expression can be a valuable marker to improve prognosis assessment in primary melanoma. PMID: 24926095 three MSH6 variants found in suspected Lynch syndrome families, MSH6-P1087R, MSH6-R1095H and MSH6-L1354Q were found not to be disease causing when expressed in a mouse model PMID: 24040339

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

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