Recombinant Human Deoxyguanosine Kinase, Mitochondrial (DGUOK) Protein (His-SUMO)

Name: Recombinant Human Deoxyguanosine Kinase, Mitochondrial (DGUOK) Protein (His-SUMO)
Brand: Beta LifeScience
SKU: BLC-04448P
Availability: InStock

Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.

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Product Overview

Description	Recombinant Human Deoxyguanosine Kinase, Mitochondrial (DGUOK) Protein (His-SUMO) is produced by our E.coli expression system. This is a full length protein.
Purity	Greater than 90% as determined by SDS-PAGE.
Uniprotkb	Q16854
Target Symbol	DGUOK
Synonyms	DGUOK; DGK; Deoxyguanosine kinase; mitochondrial; dGK; EC 2.7.1.113
Species	Homo sapiens (Human)
Expression System	E.coli
Tag	N-6His-SUMO
Target Protein Sequence	RLSIEGNIAVGKSTFVKLLTKTYPEWHVATEPVATWQNIQAAGTQKACTAQSLGNLLDMMYREPARWSYTFQTFSFLSRLKVQLEPFPEKLLQARKPVQIFERSVYSDRYIFAKNLFENGSLSDIEWHIYQDWHSFLLWEFASRITLHGFIYLQASPQVCLKRLYQRAREEEKGIELAYLEQLHGQHEAWLIHKTTKLHFEALMNIPVLVLDVNDDFSEEVTKQEDLMREVNTFVKNL
Expression Range	40-277
Protein Length	Full Length of Mature Protein
Mol. Weight	44.0kDa
Research Area	Signal Transduction
Form	Liquid or Lyophilized powder
Buffer	Liquid form: default storage buffer is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 5%-50% glycerol. Lyophilized powder form: the buffer before lyophilization is Tris/PBS-based buffer, 6% Trehalose, pH 8.0.
Reconstitution	Briefly centrifuged the vial prior to opening to bring the contents to the bottom. Reconstitute protein in deionized sterile water to a concentration of 0.1-1.0 mg/mL. It is recommended to add 5-50% of glycerol (final concentration) and aliquot for long-term storage at -20°C/-80°C. The default final concentration of glycerol is 50%.
Storage	1. Store at -20°C/-80°C upon receipt, aliquoting is necessary for mutiple use. 2. Avoid repeated freeze-thaw cycles. 3. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week. 4. In general, protein in liquid form is stable for up to 6 months at -20°C/-80°C. Protein in lyophilized powder form is stable for up to 12 months at -20°C/-80°C.
Notes	Repeated freezing and thawing is not recommended. Store working aliquots at 4°C for up to one week.

Target Details

Target Function	Phosphorylates deoxyguanosine and deoxyadenosine in the mitochondrial matrix, with the highest efficiency for deoxyguanosine. In non-replicating cells, where cytosolic dNTP synthesis is down-regulated, mtDNA synthesis depends solely on DGUOK and TK2. Phosphorylates certain nucleoside analogs. Widely used as target of antiviral and chemotherapeutic agents.
Subcellular Location	Mitochondrion.
Protein Families	DCK/DGK family
Database References	HGNC: 2858 OMIM: 251880 KEGG: hsa:1716 STRING: 9606.ENSP00000264093 UniGene: Hs.469022
Associated Diseases	Mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome 3 (MTDPS3); Portal hypertension, non-cirrhotic (NCPH); Progressive external ophthalmoplegia with mitochondrial DNA deletions, autosomal recessive 4 (PEOB4)
Tissue Specificity	Ubiquitous. Highest expression in muscle, brain, liver and lymphoid tissues.

Gene Functions References

DGUOK deficiency and mutation is associated with mitochondrial DNA depletion syndromes. PMID: 28493820
rare homozygous p.N46S mutation associated with idiopathic noncirrhotic portal hypertension PMID: 26874653
The goals of this work are to characterize the DGUOK rat in terms of mitochondrial dysfunction and pathological outcome, and to evaluate EPR as a new and additional technique in an integrated characterization of mitochondrial disease . PMID: 26773591
sequencing results showed that the patient was a compound heterozygote for c.679G>A and c.817delT in the DGUOK gene PMID: 27324545
thymidine kinase 2 but not deoxyguanosine kinase is up-regulated during the stationary growth phase of cultured cells PMID: 24940680
study expands the spectrum of disorders caused by mutations in DGUOK. PMID: 23043144
Deoxyguanosine kinase gene mutations combined with impaired glucose homeostasis and iron overload features are associated with severe progressive liver failure. PMID: 21107780
c.592-4_c.592-3delTT mutation causes exon skipping and is and responsible for the DGUOK deficiency PMID: 19900589
Neurological symptoms appeared later and were mild, in agreement with the limited brain pathology. Molecular analysis of the dGK gene should be performed in infants with cirrhosis even in the absence of CNS involvement. PMID: 15150663
Low level of mitochondrial deoxyguanosine kinase is the dominant factor in acquired resistance to 9-beta-D-arabinofuranosylguanine cytotoxicity PMID: 12054684
A novel mutation in the deoxyguanosine kinase gene causing depletion of mitochondrial DNA. Homozygous nonsense mutation in exon 3 of DGUOK (313C-->T). PMID: 12210798
This study identified 2 novel homozygous mutations, G352A and C269T, that lead to truncated proteins in the hepatocerebral form of mitochondrial DNA depletion syndrome. PMID: 15883261
DGUOK activity may play a crucial role in the phenotype reversal PMID: 17073823
DGUOK is required for mitochondrial DNA replication in resting cells and that small changes in expression of this enzyme may cause mitochondrial DNA depletion. PMID: 17490647
15 different mutations in the DGUOK gene from 9 kindreds, were identified. PMID: 18205204
study reports the first founder DGUOK mutation (c.444-62C>A) in two North-African families with hepatocerebral syndrome and severe combined respiratory chain deficiency PMID: 19394258
a viral infection can trigger fulminant liver failure in the context of a genetic predisposition associated with mutations in DGUOK PMID: 19502998

FAQs

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Proteins are sensitive to heat, and freeze-drying can preserve the activity of the majority of proteins. It improves protein stability, extends storage time, and reduces shipping costs. However, freeze-drying can also lead to the loss of the active portion of the protein and cause aggregation and denaturation issues. Nonetheless, these adverse effects can be minimized by incorporating protective agents such as stabilizers, additives, and excipients, and by carefully controlling various lyophilization conditions.

Commonly used protectant include saccharides, polyols, polymers, surfactants, some proteins and amino acids etc. We usually add 8% (mass ratio by volume) of trehalose and mannitol as lyoprotectant. Trehalose can significantly prevent the alter of the protein secondary structure, the extension and aggregation of proteins during freeze-drying process; mannitol is also a universal applied protectant and fillers, which can reduce the aggregation of certain proteins after lyophilization.

Our protein products do not contain carrier protein or other additives (such as bovine serum albumin (BSA), human serum albumin (HSA) and sucrose, etc., and when lyophilized with the solution with the lowest salt content, they often cannot form A white grid structure, but a small amount of protein is deposited in the tube during the freeze-drying process, forming a thin or invisible transparent protein layer.

Reminder: Before opening the tube cap, we recommend that you quickly centrifuge for 20-30 seconds in a small centrifuge, so that the protein attached to the tube cap or the tube wall can be aggregated at the bottom of the tube. Our quality control procedures ensure that each tube contains the correct amount of protein, and although sometimes you can't see the protein powder, the amount of protein in the tube is still very precise.

To learn more about how to properly dissolve the lyophilized recombinant protein, please visit Lyophilization FAQs.